New Scoring System for Evaluating Patulous Eustachian Tube Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoukichi Ikeda ◽  
Toshiaki Kikuchi ◽  
Hidetoshi Oshima ◽  
Hiromitsu Miyazaki ◽  
Hiroshi Hidaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
New Scoring ◽  
Patulous Eustachian Tube

Proposal of a new scoring system for equalization problems during freediving

2019 ◽  
pp. 619-623
Author(s):  
Antonio Alberto Maria Giunta ◽  
Luca Liberati ◽  
Cristina Pellegrino ◽  
Santino Rizzo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Dilation Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
New Scoring

Objective: Scuba diving and freediving are popular activities around the world, and their growth has increased the frequency of related pathology. A good ability to equalize is of paramount importance for diving. This is especially true for freediving, during which dive time is limited to just one breath. Even though equalization disorders are quite common in divers, a scoring system does not exist to date. In this paper we propose a new scoring system for equalization problems of freedivers: the EP score – shorthand for “equalization problems.” Methods: We administered the EP score assessment to 40 Italian freediving spearfishermen who were divided in two groups: Group A comprised 20 freedivers complaining of equalization problems and multiple barotraumas but totally asymptomatic in their everyday lives. These individuals had already received medical treatment and nasal surgery without improvement and then had undergone Eustachian tube balloon dilation. Group B comprised 20 healthy freedivers without any history of equalization disorders. We performed a statistical analysis to evaluate the reliability of this scoring system and to evaluate its usefulness in diagnosis and follow-up. Results: Our data show substantial statistical differences between healthy freedivers and freedivers complaining of equalization disorders (Z-Score = -5.396 at p < 0.05); data do not show any statistical difference between healthy freedivers and patients successfully treated by Eustachian tube balloon dilation (U-value = 152.5 and Z-Score= -1.271 at p < 0.05). Conclusion: The EP score assessment seems to be a reliable tool to quantify equalization disorders during freediving and to evaluate how the difficulty varies over time and after treatment. Since equalization disorders could be present in different populations, the EP score assessment could be applicable to a wider group.

scholarly journals A novel scoring system for TIGIT expression in classic Hodgkin lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ombretta Annibali ◽  
Antonella Bianchi ◽  
Alba Grifoni ◽  
Valeria Tomarchio ◽  
Mariantonietta Tafuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
New Scoring

AbstractClinical use of immune-checkpoints inhibitors (anti PD-1/PD-L1) resulted very effective for the treatment of relapsed/refractory classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL). Recently, T cell Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) has been recognized as an immune checkpoint receptor able to negatively regulate T cell functions. Herein, we investigated the expression of TIGIT in CHL microenvironment in order to find a potential new target for inhibitor therapy. TIGIT, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was evaluated in 34 consecutive patients with CHL. TIGIT expression in T lymphocytes surrounding Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells was observed in 19/34 patients (56%), of which 11 (58%) had advanced stages. In 16/19 (84%) cases, TIGIT+ peritumoral T lymphocytes showed also PD-1 expression. All 15 TIGIT− patients had PD-L1 expression in HRS cells (100%) while among 19 TIGIT+ patients, 11 (58%) were PD-L1+ and 8 (42%) were PD-L1−. Using a new scoring system for TIGIT immunoreactivity, all TIGIT+ cases with higher score (4/19) were PD-L1−. Our results confirm co-expression of TIGIT and PD-1 in peritumoral T lymphocytes. Of relevance, we demonstrated a mutually exclusive expression of TIGIT and PD-L1 using new TIGIT scoring system able to identify this immunocheckpoints’ modulation. These results pave the way to new therapeutic strategies for relapsed/refractory CHL.

scholarly journals Salvage Eustachian Tube Cartilage Chip Insertion After Multiple Transnasal Shim Operations in Intractable Patulous Eustachian Tube

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132199500
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Lee ◽  
Heng-Jui Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Repeat Surgery ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Tube Lumen ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Patulous Eustachian Tube

This article presents 2 cases of extremely intractable patulous Eustachian tube following multiple transnasal shim insertion. These cases highlight the disadvantages of repeat transnasal shim operations, including enlargement of the Eustachian tube lumen, frequent dislocation, repeat surgery, recurrent middle ear infection, and shim misswallowing. The patients in these cases were successfully treated with Eustachian tube cartilage chip insertion through a postauricular approach. We describe the surgical technique and advantages of this promising management method.

Seasonal variation of patulous Eustachian tube diagnoses using climatic and national health insurance data

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S Lee ◽  
S-W Choi ◽  
J Kim ◽  
H M Lee ◽  
S-J Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
National Data ◽  
Health Insurance Data ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Insurance Data ◽  
Patulous Eustachian Tube

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to analyse if there were any associations between patulous Eustachian tube occurrence and climatic factors and seasonality. Methods The correlation between the monthly average number of patients diagnosed with patulous Eustachian tube and climatic factors in Seoul, Korea, from January 2010 to December 2016, was statistically analysed using national data sets. Results The relative risk for patulous Eustachian tube occurrence according to season was significantly higher in summer and autumn, and lower in winter than in spring (relative risk (95 per cent confidence interval): 1.334 (1.267–1.404), 1.219 (1.157–1.285) and 0.889 (0.840–0.941) for summer, autumn and winter, respectively). Temperature, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity had a moderate positive (r = 0.648), negative (r = –0.601) and positive (r = 0.492) correlation with the number of patulous Eustachian tube cases, respectively. Conclusion The number of patulous Eustachian tube cases was highest in summer and increased in proportion to changes in temperature and humidity, which could be due to physiological changes caused by climatic factors or diet trends.

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