Obsessive Thought, Compulsive Behavior, and Their Associations With Suicide Ideation and Attempts and Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kang Lee ◽  
Jin Pyo Hong ◽  
Maurizio Fava ◽  
David Mischoulon ◽  
Hyewon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Compulsive Behavior ◽  
Major Depressive

Suicide

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly C. Cukrowicz ◽  
Erin K. Poindexter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Recent Treatment

Suicide is a significant concern for clinicians working with clients experiencing major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous research has indicated that MDD is the diagnosis more frequently associated with suicide, with approximately two-thirds of those who die by suicide suffering from depression at the time of death by suicide. This chapter reviews data regarding the prevalence of suicidal behavior among those with depressive disorders. It then reviews risk factors for suicide ideation, self-injury, and death by suicide. Finally, the chapter provides an empirical overview of treatment studies aimed at decreasing risk for suicide, as well as an overview of several recent treatment approaches showing promise in the reduction of suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals Alterations of core structural network connectome associated with suicidal ideation in major depressive disorder patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyi Liu ◽  
Cancan He ◽  
Dandan Fan ◽  
Feifei Zang ◽  
Yao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Rich Club ◽  
Structural Network ◽  
The Rich

AbstractSuicide ideation (SI) is a most high-risk clinical sign for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, whether the rich-club network organization as a core structural network is associated with SI and how the related neural circuits are distributed in MDD patients remain unknown. Total 177 participants including 69 MDD patients with SI (MDDSI), 58 MDD without SI (MDDNSI) and 50 cognitively normal (CN) subjects were recruited and completed neuropsychological tests and diffusion-tensor imaging scan. The rich-club organization was identified and the global and regional topological properties of structural networks, together with the brain connectivity of specific neural circuit architectures, were analyzed. Further, the support vector machine (SVM) learning was applied in classifying MDDSI or MDDNSI from CN subjects. MDDSI and MDDNSI patients both exhibited disrupted rich-club organizations. However, MDDSI patients showed that the differential network was concentrated on the non-core low-level network and significantly destroyed betweeness centrality was primarily located in the regional non-hub regions relative to MDDNSI patients. The differential structural network connections involved the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the corpus callosum were incorporated in the cognitive control circuit and default mode network. Finally, the feeder serves as a potentially powerful indicator for distinguishing MDDSI patients from MDDNSI or CN subjects. The altered rich-club organization provides new clues to understand the underlying pathogenesis of MDD patients, and the feeder was useful as a diagnostic neuroimaging biomarker for differentiating MDD patients with or without SI.

scholarly journals Prefrontal Asymmetry during Cognitive Tasks and its Relationship with Suicide Ideation in Major Depressive Disorder: An fNIRS Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baik ◽  
Kim ◽  
Choi ◽  
Baek ◽  
Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Reduced oxygenation changes in the prefrontal cortex during cognitive tasks have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, prefrontal asymmetry during cognitive tasks and its relation to suicide ideations have been less frequently examined in patients with MDD. This study investigated prefrontal asymmetry and its moderating effect on the relationship between depression severity and suicidal ideation in MDD patients during cognitive tasks. Forty-two patients with MDD and 64 healthy controls (HCs) were assessed for changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) in the prefrontal cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the verbal fluency task (VFT), Stroop task, and two-back task. Depression, anxiety, and suicide ideation were measured through self-report questionnaires. Relatively smaller left oxy-Hb changes during VFT, but not during the Stroop or two-back tasks, were found in MDD patients compared with HCs. Furthermore, prefrontal asymmetry during VFT moderated the effect of depression severity on suicide ideation, and was significantly and positively correlated with suicide ideation in patients with MDD. Specifically, relatively greater left oxy-Hb changes were associated with greater suicide ideation. These findings suggest fNIRS-measured prefrontal asymmetry as a potential biomarker for MDD and for the assessment of suicidal risk in patients with MDD.

Cognitive dimensions of major depressive disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bernhard T. Baune
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
Symptomatic Remission

Major depressive disorder is characterized by impaired affect, cognitive dysfunction, and significant psychosocial impairment that persists from weeks to years. Cognitive symptoms are pervasive, affecting functioning in several domains, including reduced executive functioning, attention, memory, learning, psychomotor speed, and verbal processing. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction persists following symptomatic remission, highlighting the need to treat cognition separately from mood symptoms. Residual cognitive deficits may contribute to ongoing occupational and social dysfunction and promote suicide ideation. In addition, retention of cognitive impairment may interact with existing emotional and social vulnerability, increasing the risk of recurrent depressive episodes. The chapter characterizes the domains of emotional, nonemotional, and social cognitive function in major depressive disorder. It examines the domains and descriptors of nonemotional cognitive function. It evaluates the important relationship between cognitive deficits and psychosocial function, as well as the clinical interactions between ‘cold’ and ‘hot’ cognitive function. It extends our understanding of the social cognitive function and its implications for social performance and impact on emotional and empathic performance.

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