The physiological cold tolerance of warm-climate plants is correlated with their latitudinal range limit

Plants are moving poleward and upward in response to climate warming. However, such movements lag behind the expanding warming front for many reasons, including the impediment of plant movement caused by unusual cold events. In this study, we measured the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II ( F v /F m ) in 101 warm-climate angiosperm species to assess their cold tolerance at the end of a severe chilling period of 49 days in a southern subtropical region (Nanning) in China. We found that 36 of the 101 species suffered from chilling-induced physiological injury, with predawn F v /F m values of less than 0.7. There was a significant exponential relationship between the predawn F v /F m and northern latitudinal limit of a species; species with a lower latitudinal limit suffered more. Our results suggest that the range limits of warm-climate plants are potentially influenced by their physiological sensitivity to chilling temperatures and that their poleward movement might be impeded by extreme cold events. The quick measurement of F v /F m is useful for assessing the cold tolerance of plants, providing valuable information for modelling species range shifts under changing climate conditions and species selection for horticultural management and urban landscape design.

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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Gene Modules Associated with Cold Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s00344-021-10437-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xing Huang ◽

Yongsheng Liang ◽

Baoqing Zhang ◽

Xiupeng Song ◽

Yangrui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Resistance Mechanism ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Calcium Signal ◽

Protein Kinase Activity ◽

Comparative Transcriptome ◽

Climate Conditions

AbstractSugarcane is an important crop worldwide, and most sugar is derived directly from sugarcane. Due to its thermophilic nature, the yield of sugarcane is largely influenced by extreme climate conditions, especially cold stress. Therefore, the development of sugarcane with improved cold tolerance is an important goal. However, little is known about the multiple mechanisms underlying cold acclimation at the bud stage in sugarcane. In this study, we emphasized that sensitivity to cold stress was higher for the sugarcane variety ROC22 than for GT42, as determined by physical signs, including bud growth capacity, relative conductivity, malonaldehyde contents, and soluble sugar contents. To understand the factors contributing to the difference in cold tolerance between ROC22 and GT42, comparative transcriptome analyses were performed. We found that genes involved in the regulation of the stability of the membrane system were the relative determinants of difference in cold tolerance. Additionally, genes related to protein kinase activity, starch metabolism, and calcium signal transduction were associated with cold tolerance. Finally, 25 candidate genes, including 23 variety-specific and 2 common genes, and 7 transcription factors were screened out for understanding the possible cold resistance mechanism. The findings of this study provide candidate gene resources for cold resistance and will improve our understanding of the regulation of cold tolerance at the bud stage in sugarcane.

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A Modified Bare Soil Index to Identify Bare Land Features during Agricultural Fallow-Period in Southeast Asia Using Landsat 8

Land ◽

10.3390/land10030231 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 231

Author(s):

Can Trong Nguyen ◽

Amnat Chidthaisong ◽

Phan Kieu Diem ◽

Lian-Zhi Huo

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Cover ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Critical Element ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Fallow Period

Bare soil is a critical element in the urban landscape and plays an essential role in urban environments. Yet, the separation of bare soil and other land cover types using remote sensing techniques remains a significant challenge. There are several remote sensing-based spectral indices for barren detection, but their effectiveness varies depending on land cover patterns and climate conditions. Within this research, we introduced a modified bare soil index (MBI) using shortwave infrared (SWIR) and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths derived from Landsat 8 (OLI—Operational Land Imager). The proposed bare soil index was tested in two different bare soil patterns in Thailand and Vietnam, where there are large areas of bare soil during the agricultural fallow period, obstructing the separation between bare soil and urban areas. Bare soil extracted from the MBI achieved higher overall accuracy of about 98% and a kappa coefficient over 0.96, compared to bare soil index (BSI), normalized different bare soil index (NDBaI), and dry bare soil index (DBSI). The results also revealed that MBI considerably contributes to the accuracy of land cover classification. We suggest using the MBI for bare soil detection in tropical climatic regions.

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Intergraded Applied Methodology for the Treatment of Heavy Polluted Waste Waters from Olive Oil Industries

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2011/537814 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Antonis A. Zorpas ◽

Vassilis J. Inglezakis

Keyword(s):

Olive Oil ◽

Oil Production ◽

Olive Mill Wastewater ◽

Fenton Process ◽

Waste Waters ◽

Warm Climate ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Integrated Method ◽

Third Stage ◽

Olive Mill

The annual olive oil production in Cyprus is in the range of 2700–3100 t y−1, resulting in the generation of significant amount of waste. The cocomposting of the olive oil solid residue (OOSR) and the treated wastewaters (with Fenton) from the olive oil production process with the application of reed beds has been studied as an integrated method for the treatment of wastewater containing high organic and toxic pollutants under warm climate conditions. The experimental results indicated that the olive mill wastewater (OMW) is detoxified at the end of the Fenton process. Specifically, COD is reduced up to 65% (minimum 54.32%) by the application of Fenton and another 10–28% by the application of red beds as a third stage. The final cocomposted material of OOSR with the treated olive mile wastewater (TOMW) presents optimum characteristics and is suitable for agricultural purpose.

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Abrupt CO2 release to the atmosphere under glacial and early interglacial climate conditions

Science ◽

10.1126/science.aay8178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 369 (6506) ◽

pp. 1000-1005

Author(s):

C. Nehrbass-Ahles ◽

J. Shin ◽

J. Schmitt ◽

B. Bereiter ◽

F. Joos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Intertropical Convergence Zone ◽

Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽

Before Present ◽

Freshwater Input ◽

Warm Climate ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Carbon Dioxide Release ◽

Meridional Overturning ◽

Co2 Release

Pulse-like carbon dioxide release to the atmosphere on centennial time scales has only been identified for the most recent glacial and deglacial periods and is thought to be absent during warmer climate conditions. Here, we present a high-resolution carbon dioxide record from 330,000 to 450,000 years before present, revealing pronounced carbon dioxide jumps (CDJ) under cold and warm climate conditions. CDJ come in two varieties that we attribute to invigoration or weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and associated northward and southward shifts of the intertropical convergence zone, respectively. We find that CDJ are pervasive features of the carbon cycle that can occur during interglacial climate conditions if land ice masses are sufficiently extended to be able to disturb the AMOC by freshwater input.

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Assessing species resistance and productivity of the genus Paeonia L. under adaptation to continental climate conditions

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20181100024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 00024

Author(s):

Olga Komina

Keyword(s):

Botanical Garden ◽

Landscape Design ◽

Species Selection ◽

Herbaceous Species ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Siberian Branch ◽

Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽

Academy Of Sciences ◽

Continental Climate ◽

Assessment Results

The paper presents results of multiyear work to create and study the collection of Paeonia L. species in the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSBG SB RAS) (Novosibirsk), which numbers 13 species of 4 botanical sections nowadays. All herbaceous species of the genus Paeonia, both geophytes and hemicryptophytes, have been safely wintered during 12 years without additional shelter. The study shows assessment results of prospects of the genus Paeonia species representatives. It gives recommendations on landscape design for Paeonia species selection.

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Changes in the extreme air temperature in Czech Republic

Glasnik srpskog geografskog drustva ◽

10.2298/gsgd2101077n ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 77-87

Author(s):

Nina Nikolova ◽

Martin Bárta

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Negative Trend ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Cold Part ◽

Daily Data ◽

Hot Days ◽

Cold Events ◽

Extreme Cold

This study is focused on air temperature in Czech Republic in relation to selected climatological indices for extreme hot and extreme cold days for the period 1961- 2017. The number of summer days (SU) and number of tropical days (SU30) have been chosen as the indicators of extreme hot days. For the indicators of extreme cold days, the number of frost days (FD) and number of icing days (ID) have been analyzed. The analyses are based on the daily data for air temperature measured at eight meteorological stations situated at the regions with different geographical and climate conditions. The data are freely available from the website of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The results of the study show negative trend of extreme cold events and positive trend of extreme hot temperatures. With a few exceptions, the trend is statistically significant at p=0.05. The trend values for the indicators of cold days are higher than those for the indicators of warm days. The results show a faster change in air temperature for the cold part of the year

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How Cold Can You Go? Frost and Winter Protection for Grape

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.43.7.1966 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (7) ◽

pp. 1966-1969 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Joan R. Davenport ◽

Markus Keller ◽

Lynn J. Mills

Keyword(s):

Snow Cover ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Site Selection ◽

Growing Season ◽

Recent Past ◽

Warm Climate ◽

Subzero Temperatures ◽

Cold Events ◽

Frost Protection

Although the inland Pacific Northwest has a warm climate during the growing season, grapes grown in this region may be exposed to colder than optimal temperatures at several times during the year. In addition to damage from spring and fall frosts, intermittent winters with little to no snow cover and subzero temperatures can cause vine dieback and death. Temperature patterns in the recent past indicate that both fall and midwinter are times when risk of bud damage from cold events is probable, making proper site selection and cultivar choice critical. Water is not used for frost protection in this climate, but wind machines have proven to be useful. In frost-prone sites, annual sucker growth with cane burying is practiced as an insurance strategy. Modifying pruning strategies has not been shown to be advantageous after fall cold events. If rootstocks are used, research has shown greater scion survival with higher graft positions.

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Late pleistocene climate changes recorded in the central part of the northern european loess belt, "Современные исследования трансформации криосферы и вопросы геотехнической безопасности сооружений в Арктике"

10.7868/9785604610848028 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 114

Author(s):

Z. Jary ◽

P. Moska ◽

M. Krawczyk ◽

J. Raczyk ◽

J. Skurzyński

Keyword(s):

Ice Cores ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Northern European ◽

Pleistocene Climate ◽

Modern Methods ◽

Methods And Techniques ◽

Ice Wedge ◽

Cold Events ◽

Glacial Climate

The northern European loess belt (NELB) was created in cold climate conditions on the foreground of Pleistocene continental glaciations. Loess-paleosol sequences (LPS) in this region were strongly influenced by periglacial processes and environments. Three types of periglacial structures are especially useful to reconstruct the former periglacial environment: cryogenic wedges with primary mineral infilling, cryoturbation and gelifluction structures, and ice-wedge pseudomorphs. These structures often form well-distinguishable marker horizons within LPS. We assume that at least some of these horizons were formed as a result of sudden, short-term cooling followed by equally sudden warming of the climate, when ice wedges and permafrost were decay. Periglacial records in the LPS confirm the general instability of the last glacial climate. The main periglacial stages correlate well with cold events of the marine record. However, their correlation with Greenland ice cores requires further research using modern methods and techniques.

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