scholarly journals Honor Bridget Fell, 22 May 1900 - 22 April 1986

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 235-259 ◽  

Honor Bridget Fell was born on 22 May 1900, the ninth and last child of Colonel William Edwin Fell and Alice Fell ( née Pickersgill-Cunliffe). She had six sisters and two brothers; one brother, the younger of the two, being a Down’s syndrome child who died aged eight. She was therefore very much the ‘baby’ of the family, the other brother being eight years older than her. She was born at Fowthorpe near Filey in Yorkshire. The family had moved there from Sussex where they owned a farm, Springhead, near Steyning. Her father was a minor landowner but cannot be said to have been a successful farmer. It was his misfortune that he was farming during the worst of the agricultural depression. His main interests were the army and horses, both of which he managed to combine. During the Boer War he spent much of his time in the United States procuring horses for dispatch to the British Army in South Africa. He was keenly interested in nature and animals, and her family think Honor inherited her deep attachment to biology from him. Her mother was a very different type of person. She was extremely practical, a very capable carpenter and no mean architect. She designed the house at Fowthorpe and supervised its construction. She was in every sense the matriarch of the family and carried the burden of bringing up a large family in circumstances that could never have been very easy. She lived to a ripe old age dying in 1951. The families of Fells and Pickersgill-Cunliffe were large and widespread. There was a family journal printed and published quarterly for the sum of 7 shillings per annum. Honor is mentioned on several occasions, notably in the report of her sister Barbara’s wedding where, as a schoolgirl of 13, she appeared carrying her pet ferret, Janie, to the consternation of the rest of the family. In many ways they were a gifted and remarkable family— all had great artistic ability, the brother was a gifted engineer, they all lived into their 80s, and one managed to pass 90.

Author(s):  
Joseph Harris

This chapter summarizes the overall argument and points to the influential role that elites from esteemed professions played in the institutionalization of policy in the three cases. While in all cases democratization provided new opportunities for professional movements in medicine to use the organizational vehicle of the state to advance universal health coverage and the power of the law to deepen commitments to essential medicine, The chapters relate how the differences in outcomes between Thailand and Brazil, on one hand, and South Africa, on the other, hinged on dramatically different political dynamics. I consider the contemporary state of professional movements and health reforms in the three countries; why health has remained a minor concern to mass movements; the durability of professional movements; the influence of professional movements in other policy domains and cases; and their relevance to the United States and other countries in the industrializing world.


2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Or Rabinowitz ◽  
Nicholas L. Miller

How has the United States behaved historically toward friendly states with nuclear weapons ambitions? Recent scholarship has demonstrated the great lengths to which the United States went to prevent Taiwan, South Korea, and West Germany from acquiring nuclear weapons. Yet seemingly on the other side of the ledger are cases such as Israel, South Africa, and Pakistan, where the United States failed to prevent proliferation, and where many have argued that the United States made exceptions to its nonproliferation objectives given conflicting geopolitical goals. A reexamination of the history of U.S. nonproliferation policy toward Israel, South Africa, and Pakistan, based on declassified documents and interviews, finds that these cases are not as exceptional as is commonly understood. In each case, the United States sought to prevent these states from acquiring nuclear weapons, despite geopolitical constraints. Moreover, once U.S. policymakers realized that prior efforts had failed, they continued to pursue nonproliferation objectives, brokering deals to prevent nuclear tests, public declaration of capabilities, weaponization, or transfer of nuclear materials to other states.


1923 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wright

In the Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society (vol. x, 1912, p. 49, pl. v, f. 8) I gave a figure of an Ichthyocrinid which occurred in No. 1 Bed, Invertiel, along with other members of the family, all of which were referred to ? Forbesiocrinus. In the spring of 1913 I had the pleasure of sending my specimens of flexible crinoids to the eminent crinoid authority, Dr. Frank Springer, of the United States Museum, Washington, who was then engaged on a comprehensive study of the group. For some reason or other I did not forward this particular specimen, probably because I did not think it well enough preserved (No. 939, Fig. 3 of present paper). The other Ichthyocrinids from Invertiel were referred by Springer to his new species Amphicrinus scoticus. It so happens that No. 939 was the only specimen of its kind which I had at that time cleaned and mounted in my collection, although as the sequel will show it is evident that I had found several others in the field, but had erroneously laid them aside as Amphicrinus scoticus. This is a mistake which could easily be made, since I was not then fully aware of the special characters which distinguished A. scoticus.


1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory R. Woirol

Economics in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s was notable for the richness of its methodological and theoretical approaches. Encompassing the peak period of American institutionalism, these years also witnessed a recurrent debate over the proper scope and method of economics which was bracketed by a minor methodenstreit in the 1920s and the measurement-withouttheory dispute of the late 1940s. In retrospect it is apparent which lines of thought would dominate economic discourse in later decades. At the time, however, this future was not as clear. A late 1920s evaluation by Paul Homan of the state of contemporary economics concluded that economists “seem in our own day to be separated by more impassable barriers of thought than at any time in the past” (Homan 1928, p. 10). In looking beyond “the present impasse,” as he called it, Homan concluded that “whether economics in the future shall consist of a body of doctrines, or a body of facts scientifically ascertained, or a technique, or more or less of one and the other, is on the laps of the gods” (ibid., pp. 466-67).


Author(s):  
Catherine Compton-Lilly ◽  
Kerryn Dixon ◽  
Hilary Janks ◽  
Annette Woods

As an international team of scholars, we have individually and collectively encountered a range of summative and formative assessment practices. Some of these assessment practices have originated from other parts of the world as policy practices increasingly entail global borrowing. We open this chapter with two compelling views of childhood; one places the onus on leading, directing, and controlling children's learning; the other views learning as idiosyncratic, unpredictable, and stunningly contingent on each child's vision of the world. We then introduce readers to a summative assessment associated with three countries (Australia, South Africa, and the United States) to explore how the use of these assessments contributes to the proliferation of particular views of childhood. Finally, we discuss the use of three formative literacy assessments that have gained international attention and present alternative visions of childhood and literacy learning.


In describing the shell fish supposed to yield the Tyrian dye, Pliny has adverted to its power of boring the shells of other fish; and Lamarck says that all mollusca, whose shells have a notch at the base of their apertures, are possessed of similar powers. In the other genera of turbinated univalves, the aperture, instead of being notched, is entire, and they have all been proved to be herbivorous. Every turbinated univalve which Mr. Dillwyn has examined of the older beds, from the transition limestone to the lias, belongs to these herbivorous genera, and the family still inhabits our land and waters. On the contrary, all the carnivorous genera abound in the strata above the chalk, but are very rare in the secondary strata. In recent shells small holes bored by the predaceous Trachelipoda are common; and Mr. Dillwyn has observed similar holes in fossils from the London clay, but never in those of the older formations; and he thinks that the whole family of carnivorous Trachelipoda are very rare in all those strata where the Ammonites and other Nautilidæ abound. Ammonites, and the other principal multilocular genera, appear to have become extinct in northern latitudes when the chalk formation was completed: but a few of the Nautilidæ still inhabit the Southern Ocean. Mr. Dillwyn further observes, that all the marine genera of the herbivorous Trachelipoda, to which the fossil species belong, have an operculum, and that the carnivorous species of the secondary strata agree with them in this particular, though the unoperculated genera abound in the London clay. Although fossil Nautilidæ are common in the secondary strata of the United States, they are said not to have been found in South America. Hence, says the author, it may be queried whether the Cephalopoda were not confined to the more northern latitudes when the chalk formation was completed; and whether a decrease in the earth’s temperature at that period may not have occasioned the entire destruction of some genera, and the migration of others to the south.


1893 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Banks

The family Phalangidæ is readily seperable from the other families of Phalangida by having but one simple (not compound) claw at the end of each tarsus and having a claw af the end of palpus.


HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 772C-772
Author(s):  
Margaret R. Pooler* ◽  
Thomas S. Elias

The neotropical shrub Hamelia patens Jacq. has been cultivated as an ornamental in the United States, Great Britain, and South Africa for many years, although only in limited numbers and as a minor element in the trade. In recent years, other taxa of Hamelia have been grown and evaluated as new flowering shrubs. The relatively recent introduction of a superior ornamental species of Hamelia called the “African firebush” has propelled this genus to greater prominence as an excellent small flowering shrub or container plant, especially throughout the southeastern United States and in other countries such as South Africa. Initially, this firebush was sold as an African plant. Data from field studies, herbarium specimens, and from DNA analysis of several taxa and populations of Hamelia show that the African firebush in southern Florida may have originated from populations of Hamelia patens var. glabra native to southern Mexico. The original plants were taken to Europe, southern Africa, and southeastern Asia probably in the mid to late 1800s and then recently re-introduced to New World markets as a new African ornamental plant.


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