scholarly journals Biomaterial strategies for alleviation of myocardial infarction

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (66) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayarama Reddy Venugopal ◽  
Molamma P. Prabhakaran ◽  
Shayanti Mukherjee ◽  
Rajeswari Ravichandran ◽  
Kai Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
World Health ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Apparent Lack

World Health Organization estimated that heart failure initiated by coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction (MI) leads to 29 per cent of deaths worldwide. Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death in industrialized countries and is expected to become a global epidemic within the twenty-first century. MI, the main cause of heart failure, leads to a loss of cardiac tissue impairment of left ventricular function. The damaged left ventricle undergoes progressive ‘remodelling’ and chamber dilation, with myocyte slippage and fibroblast proliferation. Repair of diseased myocardium with in vitro -engineered cardiac muscle patch/injectable biopolymers with cells may become a viable option for heart failure patients. These events reflect an apparent lack of effective intrinsic mechanism for myocardial repair and regeneration. Motivated by the desire to develop minimally invasive procedures, the last 10 years observed growing efforts to develop injectable biomaterials with and without cells to treat cardiac failure. Biomaterials evaluated include alginate, fibrin, collagen, chitosan, self-assembling peptides, biopolymers and a range of synthetic hydrogels. The ultimate goal in therapeutic cardiac tissue engineering is to generate biocompatible, non-immunogenic heart muscle with morphological and functional properties similar to natural myocardium to repair MI. This review summarizes the properties of biomaterial substrates having sufficient mechanical stability, which stimulates the native collagen fibril structure for differentiating pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes for cardiac tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Chitosan as Functional Biomaterial for Designing Delivery Systems in Cardiac Therapies

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Bhaumik Patel ◽  
Ravi Manne ◽  
Devang B. Patel ◽  
Shashank Gorityala ◽  
Arunkumar Palaniappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality across the globe, and transplant surgeries are not always successful since it is not always possible to replace most of the damaged heart tissues, for example in myocardial infarction. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, is an important biomaterial for many biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Based on the origin, degree of deacetylation, structure, and biological functions, chitosan has emerged for vital tissue engineering applications. Recent studies reported that chitosan coupled with innovative technologies helped to load or deliver drugs or stem cells to repair the damaged heart tissue not just in a myocardial infarction but even in other cardiac therapies. Herein, we outlined the latest advances in cardiac tissue engineering mediated by chitosan overcoming the barriers in cardiac diseases. We reviewed in vitro and in vivo data reported dealing with drug delivery systems, scaffolds, or carriers fabricated using chitosan for stem cell therapy essential in cardiac tissue engineering. This comprehensive review also summarizes the properties of chitosan as a biomaterial substrate having sufficient mechanical stability that can stimulate the native collagen fibril structure for differentiating pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes for cardiac tissue engineering.

Surface-modified polymers for cardiac tissue engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1976-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambigapathi Moorthi ◽  
Yu-Chang Tyan ◽  
Tze-Wen Chung
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Modified Polymers ◽  
Surface Modified

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), leading to myocardial infarction and heart failure, is one of the major causes of death worldwide.

Application potential of three-dimensional silk fibroin scaffold using mesenchymal stem cells for cardiac regeneration

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822110185
Author(s):  
Yuksel Cetin ◽  
Merve G Sahin ◽  
Fatma N Kok
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cardiomyogenic Differentiation

Cardiac tissue engineering focusing on biomaterial scaffolds incorporating cells from different sources has been explored to regenerate or repair damaged area as a lifesaving approach.The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiomyocyte differentiation potential of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) as an alternative cell source on silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering. The change in surface morphology of SF scaffolds depending on SF concentration (1–6%, w/v) and increase in their porosity upon application of unidirectional freezing were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Swelling ratio was found to increase 2.4 fold when SF amount was decreased from 4% to 2%. To avoid excessive swelling, 4% SF scaffold with swelling ratio of 10% (w/w) was chosen for further studies.Biodegradation rate of SF scaffolds depended on enzymatic activity was found to be 75% weight loss of SF scaffolds at the day 14. The phenotype of hAD-MSCs and their multi-linage potential into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes were shown by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining, respectively.The viability of hAD-MSCs on 3D SF scaffolds was determined as 90%, 118%, and 138% after 1, 7, and 14 days, respectively. The use of 3D SF scaffolds was associated with increased production of cardiomyogenic biomarkers: α-actinin, troponin I, connexin 43, and myosin heavy chain. The fabricated 3D SF scaffolds were proved to sustain hAD-MSCs proliferation and cardiomyogenic differentiation therefore, hAD-MSCs on 3D SF scaffolds may useful tool to regenerate or repair damaged area using cardiac tissue engineering techniques.

Development of functional hydrogels for heart failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1563-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxin Han ◽  
Wenbo Yang ◽  
Wenguo Cui ◽  
Ke Yang ◽  
Xiaoqun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Myocardial Regeneration ◽  
Functional Studies

Hydrogel-based approaches were reviewed for cardiac tissue engineering and myocardial regeneration in ischemia-induced heart failure, with an emphasis on functional studies, translational status, and clinical advancements.

scholarly journals Macrophage Activities in Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Esi Duncan ◽  
Shan Gao ◽  
Michael Sarhene ◽  
Joel Wake Coffie ◽  
Deng Linhua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Hibernating Myocardium ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Myocardial Repair

Heart diseases remain the major cause of death worldwide. Advances in pharmacological and biomedical management have resulted in an increasing proportion of patients surviving acute heart failure (HF). However, many survivors of HF in the early stages end up increasing the disease to chronic HF (CHF). HF is an established frequent complication of myocardial infarction (MI), and numerous influences including persistent myocardial ischemia, shocked myocardium, ventricular remodeling, infarct size, and mechanical impairments, as well as hibernating myocardium trigger the development of left ventricular systolic dysfunction following MI. Macrophage population is active in inflammatory process, yet the clear understanding of the causative roles for these macrophage cells in HF development and progression is actually incomplete. Long ago, it was thought that macrophages are of importance in the heart after MI. Also, though inflammation is as a result of adverse HF in patients, but despite the fact that broad immunosuppression therapeutic target has been used in various clinical trials, no positive results have showed up, but rather, the focus on proinflammatory cytokines has proved more benefits in patients with HF. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the recent findings and new development about macrophage activations in HF, its role in the healthy heart, and some therapeutic targets for myocardial repair. We have a strong believe that there is a need to give maximum attention to cardiac resident macrophages due to the fact that they perform various tasks in wound healing, self-renewal of the heart, and tissue remodeling. Currently, it has been discovered that the study of macrophages goes far beyond its phagocytotic roles. If researchers in future confirm that macrophages play a vital role in the heart, they can be therapeutically targeted for cardiac healing.

Stem Cells for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

2011 ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Young ◽  
Karen L. Christman ◽  
Adam J. Engler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering

scholarly journals Physiological aspects of cardiac tissue engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (2) ◽  
pp. H133-H143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Eschenhagen ◽  
Alexandra Eder ◽  
Ingra Vollert ◽  
Arne Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Predictive Toxicology

Cardiac tissue engineering aims at repairing the diseased heart and developing cardiac tissues for basic research and predictive toxicology applications. Since the first description of engineered heart tissue 15 years ago, major development steps were directed toward these three goals. Technical innovations led to improved three-dimensional cardiac tissue structure and near physiological contractile force development. Automation and standardization allow medium throughput screening. Larger constructs composed of many small engineered heart tissues or stacked cell sheet tissues were tested for cardiac repair and were associated with functional improvements in rats. Whether these approaches can be simply transferred to larger animals or the human patients remains to be tested. The availability of an unrestricted human cardiac myocyte cell source from human embryonic stem cells or human-induced pluripotent stem cells is a major breakthrough. This review summarizes current tissue engineering techniques with their strengths and limitations and possible future applications.

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