Charles Blacker Vignoles, F. R. S

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
British Library ◽  
Early Age

Charles Vignoles, who was bom 200 years ago, was without doubt one of the most significant railway engineers of the nineteenth century, ranking perhaps fourth in line with Robert Stephenson, Joseph Locke and Isambard Kingdom Brunei. The descendant of a Huguenot family, he was bornin county Wexford, southern Ireland, in May 1793, and lived until 1875, thus outliving his contemporaries of the early railway era. His life is reasonably well documented, mainly through his diaries and journals held in the British Library and the biographies by his son Olinthus and his great-grandson K.H. Vignoles. 1 Surprisingly few designs or drawings have survived except in Russia, nor physical monuments except in Spain and Brazil. He was orphaned when only eighteen months old: his father, wounded during the storming of Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadaloupe, died of yellow fever soon after, his mother succumbing too. The whole family was taken prisoner by the French, and Charles was released after negotiation by his uncle Henry Hutton. Charles himself was inducted into the Army at a remarkably early age, being commissioned in the 43 (Monmouthshire) Regiment and gazetted on 10 November 1794. He was put on half pay, a circumstance which occurred again later and was significant in his leaving the Army and taking up the career in civil engineering which brought him not only fame and fortune but near-bankruptcy as well.

scholarly journals A Reconsideration on the Theory of Beauty: Previous Views and a New Approach Following Maslow's Theory (Part II)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia-Adina Lehene
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Human Motivation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Concept Of Beauty

This paper is the second part of a work that aims to rethink the concept of beauty as close as possible to its essence and in a way that integrates the science of aesthetics with the field of construction. Within other theoretical and practical works, this study may be further used to physically reflect the definition of beauty in areas such as architecture, civil engineering or urban planning and support professionals in designing and building beautiful objects and constructions. However, it has to be added that the assumption that there must be a particular original aspect related to beauty that leads a human-made object to success, needs to be further identified. The approach to the concept of beauty is through a general philosophical perspective and partially through the areas mentioned above.The second part of the study includes the synthesised guidance provided by Monroe Beardsley through the theories on beauty from the nineteenth century until today. In addition, it comprises the scheme of concepts that characterised the beautiful in this time, including the lines that guided its study, previous ideas that support our later views on presented theory, and a brief exposition of Maslow's theory of human motivation followed by our theory on beauty and the conclusions.

scholarly journals “We Would Ride Safely in the Harbor of the Future”: Historical Parallels between the Existential Threats of Yellow Fever and Sea Level Rise in New Orleans and Norfolk

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
Morris W. Foster ◽  
Emily E. Steinhilber
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
First Century ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Sanitary Reform ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
And Sea Level

AbstractThe nineteenth-century experiences of yellow fever epidemics in New Orleans and Norfolk present historical parallels for how those cities, and others, are experiencing existential threats from climate change and sea level rise in the twenty-first century. In particular, the nineteenth-century “sanitary reform” movement can be interpreted as a model for challenges facing twenty-first-century “climate resilience” initiatives, including denialism and political obfuscation of scientific debates as well as tensions between short-term profit and the cost of long-term infrastructure investments and between individualism and communitarianism. The history of sanitary reform suggests that, at least in the United States, climate resilience initiatives will advance largely on a regional basis through extended local debates around these and other challenges until resilient infrastructure and practices are taken for granted, much as sanitary waterworks and sewers are today.

scholarly journals Successful Against All Odds? – Margaret Fuller: The Self-Made Woman in the Nineteenth Century

Ad Americam ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 143-154
Author(s):  
Jolanta Szymkowska-Bartyzel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
The Self ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Margaret Fuller ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
The Times ◽  
Work And Life

Margaret Fuller was an American philosopher, writer, journalist and one of the first gender theorists. The article examines Fuller’s work and life in the context of 19th century American culture and social determinants influencing women’s lives. From a very early age, Fuller perceived her role in society different from the role designed for her as a biological girl by the cultural model of the times she lived in. The article focuses on Fuller’s achievements in the context of the self-made man/woman concept.

Weak Whites: Yellow Fever in Three Nineteenth-Century Louisiana Novels

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-55
Author(s):  
Robin Anita White
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
George Washington ◽  
George Washington Cable ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nineteenth Century Novels ◽  
The Voice

Since the eighteenth century, yellow fever has had a racialized history in New Orleans and elsewhere in the Americas stemming, in part, from the disease’s origins in West Africa. There was a misconception that blacks were less likely to fall victim to the disease. This article establishes the theories around contagion and susceptibility, showing that whites, especially foreigners, were thought to be at greater risk for what was called the “Strangers’ Disease.” It then analyzes three nineteenth-century novels about New Orleans wherein yellow fever plays an important role. Two of the novels are quite well known: The Grandissimes: A Story of Creole Life (1880) by George Washington Cable and Chita: A Memory of Last Island (1889) by Lafcadio Hearn. The third novel, Amitié et dévouement, ou Trois mois à la Louisiane (1845) by Camille Lebrun, although virtually forgotten, is especially important as it represents the voice of a French woman writer whose views on race differ from those of the two other authors.

scholarly journals Engineering Spelled Out

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Henry Petroski
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Writing Standards ◽  
Military Engineering

This article presents an alphabetical order as a type of abecedary of brief essays on concepts and practices that are central to mechanical engineering. Codes and Standards is one of the topics, which highlights that the development of standards is generally identified as a sign of professionalism, in which voluntary committee efforts go toward writing standards that are adopted widely. The Mechanical Engineering essay explains that with the rise of specialization, civil engineers focused on alignment, grades, roadbeds, and bridges, and mechanical engineers on locomotives and rolling stock. The development of such divergent interests led to the feeling that the civil engineering societies that initially encompassed all of non-military engineering could not satisfy an increasingly diverse membership. Hence, new and more specialized societies began to be established in the middle of the nineteenth century. The Symbols of Engineering essay explains that the legal profession is symbolized on many a courthouse façade by a representation of blindfolded Justice holding a pair of scales—and sometimes a sword in her other hand—an image that also has roots in Greek culture.

scholarly journals Children, Emotion, Identity and Empire: Views from the Blechyndens' Calcutta Diaries (1790–1822)

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-201
Author(s):  
PETER ROBB
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
The Self ◽  
British Library ◽  
Domestic Life ◽  
Imperial Identity ◽  
History Of

The voluminous Blechynden diaries, in the British Library, offer incomparable opportunities for studying (among other things) domestic life among middle-level British residents of Calcutta around the start of the nineteenth century. This paper is concerned with a small part of the history of the Blechynden household, focusing on Arthur Blechynden, son of Richard and his successor as superintendent of roads. Richard's diary runs to more than 70 volumes and Arthur's to seven. These sources permit none of the structural analysis that was made the basis of family history by Peter Laslett and others; but they touch several points of the richer canvas painted by Laurence Stone, and those genres that are concerned with individual lives, with emotion, with relationships, and with identity, the kinds of subject approached by the contributors to Roy Porter's collection Rewriting the Self. In this paper some of these issues will be taken up, with particular reference to ideas of individuality and of race. That discussion will then lead on to another, on the construction of British imperial identity outside Britain and in the context of the formation of empire, an aspect that seems worthy of more attention than it has received.

scholarly journals Ms Ethiopic 4 of the Collection of the India Office: A strayed Manuscript of Gadla Lālibalā

Aethiopica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafisa Valieva
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Library

In all likelihood it was the German missionary Johann Ludwig Krapf who commissioned a manuscript with hagiographic texts about King Lālibalā in the first decade of the nineteenth century, in Šawā. This manuscript was eventually used by August Dillmann for his Lexicon linguae aethiopicae published in 1865. More than eighty years later, the manuscript was catalogued by Enrico Cerulli in 1946 and was later lost somewhere on one of the numerous shelves of the collection of the India Office. It has recently been traced and is now to be found in the British Library under the shelf mark Ms Ethiopic 4.

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