scholarly journals New multipodomerous appendages of stem-group euarthropods from the Cambrian (Stage 4) Guanshan Konservat-Lagerstätte

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
De-guang Jiao ◽  
Stephen Pates ◽  
Rudy Lerosey-Aubril ◽  
Javier Ortega-Hernández ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
First Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ecological History ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
The Family ◽  
Guanshan Biota ◽  
History Of ◽  
Element Bearing

Stem-group euarthropods are important for understanding the early evolutionary and ecological history of the most species-rich animal phylum on Earth. Of particular interest are fossil taxa that occupy a phylogenetic position immediately crownwards of radiodonts, for this part of the euarthropod tree is associated with the appearance of several morphological features that characterize extant members of the group. Here, we report two new euarthropods from the Cambrian Stage 4 Guanshan Biota of South China. The fuxianhuiid Alacaris ? sp. is represented by isolated appendages composed of a gnathobasic protopodite and an endite-bearing endopod of at least 20 podomeres. This material represents the youngest occurrence of the family Chengjiangocarididae, and its first record outside the Chengjiang and Xiaoshiba biotas. We also describe Lihuacaris ferox gen. et sp. nov. based on well-preserved and robust isolated appendages. Lihuacaris ferox exhibits an atypical combination of characters including an enlarged rectangular base, 11 endite-bearing podomeres and a hypertrophied distal element bearing 8–10 curved spines. Alacaris ? sp. appendages display adaptations for macrophagy. Lihuacaris ferox appendages resemble the frontal appendages of radiodonts, as well as the post-oral endopods of chengjiangocaridid fuxianhuids and other deuteropods with well-documented raptorial/predatory habits. Lihuacaris ferox contributes towards the record of endemic biodiversity in the Guanshan Biota.

First report of acrotretoid brachiopod shell beds in the lower Cambrian (Stage 4) Guanshan Biota of eastern Yunnan, South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Duan ◽  
Yue Liang ◽  
Lars E. Holmer ◽  
Zhifei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
First Record ◽  
Soft Substrate ◽  
Median Septum ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Shell Beds ◽  
Guanshan Biota ◽  
A New Species

AbstractBrachiopod shell accumulations are abundant and diverse in the lower Cambrian strata of Yunnan Province, South China, but most commonly they are composed of linguloid and acrotheloid brachiopods. Here, we describe the first record of shell beds with high-density accumulations of microscopic acrotretoid brachiopods (usually <2 mm in width) in the muddy deposits of the Wulongqing Formation (Guanshan Biota, Cambrian Stage 4) in the Wuding area of Yunnan Province. The acrotretoid shell beds from the Wulongqing Formation vary from thin mm-thick pavements to more well-developed beds, several centimeters thick. The occurrence of remarkably rich acrotretoid shell beds indicates that microscopic lingulates began to exert an important role in hardening and paving the soft-substrate seafloor during the early Cambrian evolution of Phanerozoic “mixgrounds.” The new Guanshan material is referred to a new species, Linnarssonia sapushanensis n. sp., which differs from other species of Linnarssonia mainly in having a well-developed internal pedicle tube, as well as a relatively longer dorsal median septum. The occurrence of Linnarssonia sapushanensis n. sp. in the Wulongqing Formation in eastern Yunnan extend the oldest record of the genus on the Yangtze Platform of South China back to at least Cambrian Stage 4.UUID: http://zoobank.org/3e0c3878-6ce2-4eed-87bf-e39647c310c4

scholarly journals Phylogenetic position and taxonomy of Cycloseris explanulata and C. wellsi (Scleractinia: Fungiidae): lost mushroom corals find their way home

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Benzoni ◽  
Roberto Arrigoni ◽  
Fabrizio Stefani ◽  
Bastian T. Reijnen ◽  
Simone Montano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Free Living ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
History Of

The scleractinian species Psammocora explanulata and Coscinaraea wellsi were originally classified in the family Siderastreidae, but in a recent morpho-molecular study it appeared that they are more closely related to each other and to the Fungiidae than to any siderastreid taxon. A subsequent morpho-molecular study of the Fungiidae provided new insights regarding the phylogenetic relationships within that family. In the present study existing molecular data sets of both families were analyzed jointly with those of new specimens and sequences of P. explanulata and C. wellsi. The results indicate that both species actually belong to the Cycloseris clade within the family Fungiidae. A reappraisal of their morphologic characters based on museum specimens and recently collected material substantiate the molecular results. Consequently, they are renamed Cycloseris explanulata and C. wellsi. They are polystomatous and encrusting like C. mokai, another species recently added to the genus, whereas all Cycloseris species were initially thought to be monostomatous and free-living. In the light of the new findings, the taxonomy and distribution data of C. explanulata and C. wellsi have been updated and revised. Finally, the ecological implications of the evolutionary history of the three encrusting polystomatous Cycloseris species and their free-living monostomatous congeners are discussed.

A remarkable new genus and species of Hansenauropodidae (Myriapoda, Pauropoda) from the seashore of Hainan Island, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4803 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
YUN BU
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
First Record ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Littoral Habitat ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marine Littoral

Psammopauropus macrospinus gen. et sp. n., a remarkable new genus and species of the pauropod family Hansenauropodidae is described from the marine littoral habitat of Hainan Island, South China. It has one pair of dorsal spines on the pygidium differentiated from seta a1, large globular seta st on pygidium, and globular distal setae on the tarsi by which Psammopauropus can be easily distinguished from all other genera of the family. In addition, the adaptive characters of the littoral pauropods are preliminary discussed. This is the first record of the family Hansenauropodidae from China. 

scholarly journals New perspectives on the evolution of the genus Typhlatya (Crustacea, Decapoda): first record of a cavernicolous atyid in the Iberian Peninsula, Typhlatya miravetensis n. sp.

1995 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Sebastián Sanz ◽  
Dirk Platvoet
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
First Record ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Distribution ◽  
A New Species

On several occasions, shrimps belonging to a new species of the genus Typhlatya were collected in a cave in the province of Castellón, Spain. This is the first record of the genus in the Iberian Peninsula. The species is described and the validity, distribution, and zoogeography of the genus, as well as the status of the genus Spelaeocaris, are discussed. Former models for the evolution of the genus Typhlatya and its genus group are reviewed, as well as the system of inner classification of the Atyidae and its biogeographical meaning. For the age and evolution of the genus we developed a new model based on vicariance principles that involves further evolution of each species after the disruption of the ancestral range. This allows new estimations for the age of the genus. Accordingly, we suppose that other proposals, such as recent dispersal through the sea, should be disregarded for this genus. The evolutionary development of this species is discussed in the context of the geological history of the area and the world distribution of the genus, the genus group, and the family.

scholarly journals The double odyssey of Madagascan polystome flatworms leads to new insights on the origins of their amphibian hosts

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1662) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Verneau ◽  
Louis H Du Preez ◽  
Véronique Laurent ◽  
Liliane Raharivololoniaina ◽  
Frank Glaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
On This Island ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
High Species Richness

Polystomatid flatworms are parasites of high host specificity, which mainly infect amphibian hosts. Only one polystome species has so far been recorded from Madagascar despite the high species richness and endemicity of amphibians on this island. Out of the 86 screened Malagasy frog species, we recovered polystomes from 25 in the families Ptychadenidae and Mantellidae. Molecular phylogenetic analysis uncovered an unexpected diversity of polystome species belonging to two separate clades: one forming a lineage within the genus Metapolystoma , with one species in Ptychadena and several species in the mantellid host genera Aglyptodactylus and Boophis ; and the second corresponding to an undescribed genus that was found in the species of the subfamily Mantellinae in the family Mantellidae. The phylogenetic position of the undescribed genus along with molecular dating suggests that it may have colonized Madagascar in the Late Mesozoic or Early Cainozoic. By contrast, the more recent origin of Metapolystoma in Madagascar at ca 14–2 Myr ago strongly suggests that the ancestors of Ptychadena mascareniensis colonized Madagascar naturally by overseas dispersal, carrying their Metapolystoma parasites. Our findings provide a striking example of how parasite data can supply novel insights into the biogeographic history of their hosts.

scholarly journals Araneae, Deinopidae, Deinopis amica Schiapelli and Gerschman, 1957: First record for Uruguay and distribution map

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Laborda ◽  
Laura Montes de Oca ◽  
Gonzalo Useta ◽  
Fernando Pérez-Miles ◽  
Miguel Simó
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
First Record ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uruguay River

This is the first record for the species Deinopis amica and for the family Deinopidae in Uruguay. The present study expands the known distribution of the species to the lower Uruguay River. Data on natural history of the species is provided.

On the status of Suifunema peregrinatum (Carreno, 2017) n. comb. (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) and first record of the species for Japan

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4651 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-365
Author(s):  
JANS MORFFE ◽  
RAMON A. CARRENO ◽  
SOTA OZAWA ◽  
RINA SRIWATI ◽  
KOICHI HASEGAWA
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
First Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Type Population ◽  
First Time

Blattophila peregrinata Carreno, 2017 (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) is proposed as a junior synonym of Suifunema peregrinatum (Carreno, 2017) n. comb., based on the revision of the type material of S. caudelli Chitwood, 1932, the type and only species of the genus. The revision permitted the emendation of some features of the original descriptions, namely the position of the nerve ring at level of the corpus instead the isthmus and the female genital tract didelphic-prodelphic instead didelphic-amphidelphic. The males of S. peregrinatum n. comb. are the only ones known for the genus. Thus, an amended generic diagnosis is given, including information on the males. Both S. peregrinatum n. comb. and S. caudelli differ by having a more slender body, a longer tail, and the vulva farther from the anterior end in the former. S. peregrinatum n. comb. is recorded for the first time from Pycnoscelus indicus Fabricius, 1775 (Blattodea: Blaberidae) from Japan. The specimens from Japan are morphologically consistent with other populations of the species from the USA and the Galapagos Islands of Ecuador. Only some morphometrics vary slightly, but these are within the range of the species. The phylogenetic position of the genus among the family Thelastomatidae is discussed, including sequences of the D2-D3 LSU rDNA of specimens from both the type population (Ohio, USA) and Japan. 

A new vauxiid sponge from the Kaili Biota (Cambrian Stage 5), Guizhou, South China

2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
XINGLIAN YANG ◽  
YUANLONG ZHAO ◽  
LOREN E. BABCOCK ◽  
JIN PENG
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
South China ◽  
North American ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Burgess Shale ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
North Greenland

AbstractThe skeleton of a new vauxiid sponge (Order Verongida), Angulosuspongia sinensis gen. et sp. nov., described on the basis of material from calcareous mudstones of the Kaili Formation (Cambrian Stage 5), Jianhe area, Guizhou, South China, is composed of two layers of fused spicules outlining hexagonal or polygonal openings. These vauxiid remains are the first reported from outside Laurentia, and represent only the second genus attributed to the family. Its age is close to but still slightly older than the Burgess Shale Biota, and it appears to be a primitive relative of other members of the Vauxiidae. The morphological differences between Chinese and Laurentian vauxiid sponges may be a result of vicariance. These specimens not only extend the geographic distribution of vauxiids, but also help to fill a chronostratigraphical gap between North Greenland and North American material and provide additional evidence for understanding the evolutionary history of the Demospongiae.

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