scholarly journals The electric discharge in monatomic gases

1908 ◽  
Vol 80 (536) ◽  
pp. 92-109 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Electric Conduction ◽  
Spark Gap ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
First Results ◽  
Pure Helium ◽  
Metallic Calcium

In a recent paper one of us has described the use of metallic calcium at high temperature for the production of high vacua, and in spectroscopic work as a very perfect chemical absorbent of all except the chemically inert gases. It was shown that helium and argon purified by calcium from traces of common gases or vapours, with which they are in practice invariably contaminated during manipulation, showed a great disinclination to conduct the discharge. In ordinary spectrum-tubes, helium offered a resistance equivalent to an alternative spark-gap of an inch in air, at a pressure of 0·05 mm., and argon at 0·02 mm. of mercury. This behaviour of the monatomic gases, together with the closely-allied phenomenon shown by spectrum-tubes filled with these gases of becoming non-conducting, or “running out,” under the action of the discharge, have now been investigated in detail. A great number of experiments have been performed and a short summary will be given in the present paper. The main object was to settle whether electric conduction in the monatomic gases is essentially different from that in other gases. The first results raised at least a presumption that perfectly pure helium might be unable to conduct the discharge at all, so that the running out of spectrum-tubes might be due to the absorption of the impurities only by the electrodes and not by the absorption of the inert gas itself. This view, however, proved to be untenable.

Experiments on High-Temperature Inert Gas Plasma MHD Electrical Power Generation with Hall and Diagonal Connections

2015 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Komatsu ◽  
Manabu Tanaka ◽  
Tomoyuki Murakami ◽  
Yoshihiro Okuno
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Electrical Power Generation ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Gas Plasma

Inert gas-exchange theory using an electric analogue

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Mapleson
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Inhaled Anesthetics

When an inert gas of moderate or high solubility in blood is inhaled, the rate at which the alveolar concentration rises toward the inspired concentration increases as the inspired concentration is increased. The only previous systematic analysis of whole-body uptake of inert gases to allow for this effect was restricted to a single, artificial, respiratory pattern and the numerical calculations had to be made on a digital computer. This paper develops the theory for a range of respiratory patterns and shows how the computations may be made on a slightly modified form of a simple electric analogue. It is shown that the rate of saturation of the body increases less markedly with inspired concentration if the inspired alveolar ventilation, rather than the expired alveolar ventilation, is kept constant during the saturation process. Conversely, washout is more rapid with a constant inspired ventilation than with a constant expired ventilation. The theory is extended to show how the uptake of one inert gas may substantially affect the uptake of another, administered simultaneously. uptake, distribution and elimination; induction; recovery; drugs; inhaled anesthetics; nitrous oxide; diethyl ether; halothane; computers; ventilation; concentration effect; alveolar ventilation Submitted on February 13, 1964

scholarly journals Исследование нелегированных нанокристаллических алмазных пленок, выращенных из газовой фазы в плазме СВЧ разряда

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
А.Л. Вихарев ◽  
С.А. Богданов ◽  
Н.М. Овечкин ◽  
О.А. Иванов ◽  
Д.Б. Радищев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Dielectric Films ◽  
High Temperature Annealing ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties ◽  
Methane Mixture

Undoped nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films less than 1 μm thick grown on Si (100) silicon by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition at a frequency of 2.45 GHz are studied. To obtain diamond dielectric films with maximum resistivity the deposition of films in three gas mixtures is investigated: hydrogen-methane mixture, hydrogen-methane mixture with the addition of oxygen and hydrogen-methane mixture with the addition of an inert gas. A relationship has been established between the growth conditions, structural and electrical properties of NCD films. It is shown that for the use of NCD films as effective dielectrics preliminary high-temperature annealing of the films is required, for example, in vacuum at a temperature of 600°C for one hour.

Photolysis of ketene. I

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (14) ◽  
pp. 2353-2360 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Strachan ◽  
D. E. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Singlet State ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Excited Singlet State ◽  
Intersystem Crossing ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Ketene has been photolyzed at 3660 and 3130 Å both alone and in the presence of the inert gases C4F8 and SF6. The quantum yield of carbon monoxide has been determined at both wavelengths as a function of pressure and temperature. At 3660 Å the quantum yield decreases with increasing pressure but increases with increasing temperature. At 3130 Å the quantum yield with ketene alone remains 2.0 at both 37 and 100 °C at pressures up to 250 mm. At higher pressures of ketene or with added inert gas the quantum yield decreases with increasing pressure. The results are interpreted in terms of a mechanism in which intersystem crossing from the excited singlet state to the triplet state occurs at both wavelengths, and collisional deactivation of the excited singlet state by ketene is single stage at 3660 Å but multistage at 3130 Å.

Respiratory and inert gas exchange during high-frequency ventilation

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Robertson ◽  
R. L. Coffey ◽  
T. A. Standaert ◽  
W. E. Truog
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
High Frequency Ventilation ◽  
Physiological Dead Space ◽  
Volume Ventilation ◽  
Frequency Ventilation ◽  
Carrier Gases

Pulmonary gas exchange during high-frequency low-tidal volume ventilation (HFV) (10 Hz, 4.8 ml/kg) was compared with conventional ventilation (CV) and an identical inspired fresh gas flow in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Comparing respiratory and infused inert gas exchange (Wagner et al., J. Appl. Physiol. 36: 585--599, 1974) during HFV and CV, the efficiency of oxygenation was not different, but the Bohr physiological dead space ratio was greater on HFV (61.5 +/- 2.2% vs. 50.6 +/- 1.4%). However, the elimination of the most soluble inert gas (acetone) was markedly enhanced by HFV. The increased elimination of the soluble infused inert gases during HFV compared with CV may be related to the extensive intraregional gas mixing that allows the conducting airways to serve as a capacitance for the soluble inert gases. Comparing as exchange during HFV with three different density carrier gases (He, N2, and Ar), the efficiency of elimination of Co2 or the intravenously infused inert gases was greatest with He-O2. However, the alveolar-arterial partial pressure difference for O2 on He-O2 exceeded that on N2-O2 by 5.4 Torr during HFV. The finding agrees with similar observations during CV, suggesting that this aspect of gas exchange is not substantially altered by HFV.

Research of Anticorrosion in Desulfurization Flue

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 462-466
Author(s):  
Hong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Pass Rate ◽  
Electric Discharge Machining ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Design Life ◽  
Design Requirements

Anti-corrosion coating in desulphurization flue of one wet flue gas desulfurization equipment (FGD) (model 1 and model 2) was designed and studied according to environmental and technical parameters of a coal-fired power plant. And relevant design requirements were confirmed. Application results showed that polyureas has wear and high temperature physical properties, so that it can be used in flue desulfurization equipment for anticorrosion. When the construction of a thickness of 2.0 mm, the high-temperature polyureas protective coating appearance smooth, EDM(electric discharge machining) 100% pass rate, adhesion 10.8 MPa, at 160 °C environment still had outstanding performance, that make sure it could reach its design life of the flue based on estimating the corrosion margin.

High-temperature annealing of macroporous silicon in an inert-gas flow

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1153-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Astrova ◽  
N. E. Preobrazhenskiy ◽  
S. I. Pavlov ◽  
V. B. Voronkov
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Macroporous Silicon ◽  
High Temperature Annealing

Study on Chromaticity Variation Relationships of Rosin under High Temperature Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1157-1163
Author(s):  
Yan Gu ◽  
Yu Xiang Chen ◽  
Zhen Dong Zhao ◽  
Chang Tai Guo ◽  
Dong Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Softening Point ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
General Consideration ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Gardner Color

The color-lightening of rosin was achieved to give light-colored and qualified rosin that was improved at the optimal conditions for 4 Gardner color grades, while rosin was treated at 180 ~ 270 °C for 1 ~ 4 h in inert gases. The color of rosin was deepened slightly at the initial, and then gradual lightened with the increase of treating temperature. The best color-lightening effect was observed from Pinus massoniana rosin. The acid number and softening point of rosin tended to decrease both accompanying with the color-lightening. According to a general consideration on main requirements such as color, acid number, softening point and the others, the suitable treating conditions for rosin color-lightening were suggested to be as temperature 240 ~ 260 °C and time 1 ~ 3 h.

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