The lymphocyte surface. I. Relation between Fc receptors, C'3 receptors and surface immunoglobulin

1974 ◽  
Vol 187 (1086) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Fc Receptors ◽  
Lymphocyte Surface ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Fc receptors, C'3 receptors and immunoglobulin (Ig) were detected on the surface of rat thoracic duct lymphocytes by a series of rosetting procedures. This paper describes the rosetting methods and some of the general properties of these cell surface components. It was found that the Fc receptors were blocked by antigen-antibody complexes and anti─Ag-B antibodies, they were lost in vitro at 37 °C, and they were not detected in the presence of 10 -4 M azide. In contrast, the C'3 receptors were destroyed by treatment with trypsin, were insensitive to azide, and were not blocked by antigen-antibody complexes or anti─Ag-B anti-bodies. Both receptors were detected readily at 20 or 37 °C but not at 0 °C. Neither the Fc or C'3 receptors capped with surface Ig. From these differences in behaviour it was concluded that the Fc receptors, C'3 receptors and surface Ig probably represent separate molecules on the lymphocyte surface.

The lymphocyte surface. II. Separation of Fc receptor, C'3 receptor and surface immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes

1974 ◽  
Vol 187 (1086) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Fc Receptors ◽  
Fc Receptor ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
Separation Procedure ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes

A one-step separation procedure is described for both depleting and obtaining in pure form Fc receptor (FcRL), C'3 receptor (CRL) and surface immunoglobulin bearing (IgL) lymphocytes from rat lymphoid populations. The method is a modification of the Bӧyum (1968) technique for separating lymphocytes from whole blood by sedimentation on Ficoll/Isopaque, and is based on the fact that when a lymphocyte forms a rosette with sensitized erythrocytes it will sediment with the red cells rather than float with the non-rosetting lymphocytes. The technique is > 99.5% efficient at depleting thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) of FcRL, CRL and IgL and these subpopulations can be recovered 93-98% pure. The total recovery of lymphocytes applied is usually > 90% and the separated lymphocytes are > 95% viable. This technique allowed the cellular distribution of Fc receptors, C'3 receptors and surface Ig to be determined. It was found that ( a ) Almost all CRL carry surface Ig, although a very small sub-population of CRL (0.2-0.8%) which lacks surface Ig could regularly be detected. ( b ) A substantial proportion of IgL (12-25%) lacks C'3 receptors. ( c ) IgL and CRL which lack Fc receptors are more frequent in spleen and lymph nodes than in TDL. The proportion of this subpopulation increases in TDL after prolonged thoracic duct drainage. ( d ) Some FcRL exist which lack both C'3 receptors and surface Ig. These cells are more evident in TDL after prolonged thoracic duct drainage and in lymph nodes (20-30% of FcRL) than in early TDL or spleen (5-10% of FcRL). ( e ) The thymus contains very few FcRL, CRL or IgL. ( f ) A large population of lymphocytes exists in B rats (32-42% of TDL) which is killed by an anti-B serum but which lacks surface Ig. These cells are much less frequent in normal TDL ( < 5%) and probably also lack Fc and C'3 receptors. ( g ) Large lymphocytes probably shed their Fc and C'3 receptors, but retain their surface Ig, during S-phase. ( h ) Studies on a secondary anti-DNP response showed that a substantial proportion of direct and indirect plaque forming cells (PFC) in the spleen express Fc receptors, whereas only indirect PFC carry C'3 receptors. Virtually all PFC ( > 98%) possess surface Ig.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin density and immunoglobulin secretion in vitro in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
YH Chen ◽  
P Heller
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Lymphocyte Surface ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin

Lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin (SIg) and immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion were studied in 14 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 12 healthy subjects. The determination of SIgM-bearing (SIgM+) cells by immunofluorescent staining and the quantification of SIgM by radioimmunoassay (RIA) permitted the calculation of the SIgM density. In 12 normal subjects the percentage of SIgM+ cells averaged 8% (range 4%-12%) and the SIgM density 10.2 ng antigenic equivalent/10(6) SIgM+ cells (SD 4.3). In 12 patients with CLL the respective figures were 68% (range 35%-90%) and 0.68 ng (SD 0.57). Ig secretion from pokeweed mitogen-stimulated CLL cells was markedly diminished as compared with normal lymphocytes. In coculture experiments CLL cells had no suppressive effect on Ig secretion of normal lymphocytes and normal lymphocytes did not enhance Ig secretion leukemic lymphocytes. These results indicate that the impaired secretory activity of CLL cells results from an intrinsic anomaly of these cells.

scholarly journals Anti-LcrV Antibody Inhibits Delivery of Yops by Yersinia pestis KIM5 by Directly Promoting Phagocytosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 6127-6137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Cowan ◽  
Alexander V. Philipovskiy ◽  
Christine R. Wulff-Strobel ◽  
Zhan Ye ◽  
Susan C. Straley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Fc Receptors ◽  
Cytochalasin D ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Host Cells

ABSTRACT LcrV of Yersinia pestis is a major protective antigen proposed for inclusion in subunit plague vaccines. One way that anti-LcrV antibody is thought to protect is by inhibiting the delivery of toxins called Yops to host cells. The present study characterizes the relation between this inhibition and the phagocytosis of the bacteria. J774A.1 cells were infected with Y. pestis KIM5 in the presence of a protective polyclonal anti-LcrV antibody or a nonprotective polyclonal anti-YopM antibody, and delivery of YopH and YopE into the cytoplasm was assayed by immunoblotting. The ability to inhibit the delivery of these Yops depended upon having antibody bound to the cell surface; blocking conditions that prevented the binding of antibody to Fc receptors prevented the inhibition of Yop delivery. Anti-LcrV antibody also promoted phagocytosis of the yersiniae, whereas F(ab′)2 fragments did not. Further, anti-LcrV antibody could not inhibit the delivery of Yops into cells that were unable to phagocytose due to the presence of cytochalasin D. However, Yops were produced only by extracellular yersiniae. We hypothesize that anti-LcrV antibody does not directly inhibit Yop delivery but instead causes phagocytosis, with consequent inhibition of Yop protein production in the intracellular yersiniae. The prophagocytic effect of anti-LcrV antibody extended to mouse polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in vitro, and PMNs were shown to be critical for protection: when PMNs in mice were ablated, the mice lost all ability to be protected by anti-LcrV antibody.

scholarly journals Glioblastoma Inhibition by Cell Surface Immunoglobulin Protein EWI-2, In Vitro and In Vivo

Neoplasia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-IN10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Kolesnikova ◽  
Alexander R. Kazarov ◽  
Madeleine E. Lemieux ◽  
Marc A. Lafleur ◽  
Santosh Kesari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin

scholarly journals ANTIGENIC MODULATION IN VITRO

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Stackpole ◽  
Janet B. Jacobson ◽  
Michael P. Lardis
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Antigenic Modulation ◽  
Golgi Region ◽  
Antigen Antibody

The modulation or loss of thymus-leukemia (TL) antigenicity from the surfaces of mouse RADA1 leukemia cells and normal thymocytes during incubation with TL antibody in vitro at 37°C was investigated by cytotoxicity, immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy. The fate of bivalent and monovalent antibody during modulation was visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Considerable antibody remained bound to the cell surface after modulation, bivalent antibody being displaced topographically into "patches" and "caps" while monovalent antibody was only slightly aggregated on the cell surface. Some antibody was internalized, presumably by pinocytosis, and was sequestered into the Golgi region of the cell. Capping usually occurred over the pole of the cell opposite from the Golgi region, which may explain the lack of extensive pinocytosis of modulating bivalent antibody. Since modulation with monovalent antibody occurs without patch or cap formation, gross topographical redistribution of TL antigen-antibody complexes is not required for modulation, although more subtle displacement of these complexes may be involved. Modulation was demonstrable by cytotoxicity with guinea pig C' but not with absorbed rabbit C', indicating that modulated TL antigens remain bound to the cell surface. A heat-labile factor in TL antiserum and in mouse serum in general is responsible for "blocking" the cytolytic interaction of guinea pig C' with modulated TL antigen-antibody complexes.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin density and immunoglobulin secretion in vitro in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
YH Chen ◽  
P Heller
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Lymphocyte Surface ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin

Abstract Lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin (SIg) and immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion were studied in 14 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 12 healthy subjects. The determination of SIgM-bearing (SIgM+) cells by immunofluorescent staining and the quantification of SIgM by radioimmunoassay (RIA) permitted the calculation of the SIgM density. In 12 normal subjects the percentage of SIgM+ cells averaged 8% (range 4%-12%) and the SIgM density 10.2 ng antigenic equivalent/10(6) SIgM+ cells (SD 4.3). In 12 patients with CLL the respective figures were 68% (range 35%-90%) and 0.68 ng (SD 0.57). Ig secretion from pokeweed mitogen-stimulated CLL cells was markedly diminished as compared with normal lymphocytes. In coculture experiments CLL cells had no suppressive effect on Ig secretion of normal lymphocytes and normal lymphocytes did not enhance Ig secretion leukemic lymphocytes. These results indicate that the impaired secretory activity of CLL cells results from an intrinsic anomaly of these cells.

scholarly journals CELL SURFACE IMMUNOGLOBULIN

1974 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 1599-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen S. Vitetta ◽  
Jonathan W. Uhr
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
New Method ◽  
Phase Cell ◽  
Murine Splenocytes ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Kinetics Of

A new method for the detection of cell surface immunoglobulin labeled with isotopic precursors is described. The method consists of the aggregation of surface Ig on cells with specific antibody (heterologous) and the subsequent removal of antigen-antibody complexes by the combination of high speed centrifugation and immunoprecipitation of remaining soluble complexes using antibody to the heterologous Ig. Using this method, the kinetics of appearance of cell surface Ig and its turnover were studied in murine splenocytes. The results suggest that cell surface Ig is synthesized and transported in the same manner as secretory Ig rather than being synthesized on the plasma membrane. The turnover of intracellular and cell surface Ig in lymphocytes is slow. In contrast, intracellular Ig in plasma cells is rapidly secreted and usually without a cell surface phase. Cell surface Ig was shown to be radiolabeled with [3H]glucosamine, -galactose, and -fucose. The proportion of cell surface to intracellular (nonsurface) Ig labeled with these precursors suggests the same sequence of addition of sugars to Ig destined to be on the surface of lymphocytes as with Ig which will be secreted by plasma cells. Results with this new method also confirm earlier conclusions based on experiments using cell surface iodination: 8S IgM is the predominant Ig on the surface of murine splenocytes and the molecule appears to be attached by its µ-chains.

The Mesothelial Cell as a Non-Thrombogenic Surface

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Nicholson ◽  
J M F Clarke ◽  
R M Pittilo ◽  
S J Machin ◽  
N Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryA technique for harvesting mesothelial cells is described. This entails collagenase digestion of omentum after which the cells can be cultured. The technique has been developed using the rat, but has also been successfully applied to human tissue. Cultured rat mesothelial cells obtained in this way have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. Rat mesothelial cells grown on plastic film have been exposed to blood in an in vitro system using a Baumgartner chamber and have been demonstrated to support blood flow. No adhering platelets were observed on the mesothelial cell surface. Fibroblasts similarily exposed to blood as a control were washed off the plastic.

INHIBITION OF LIPOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF SYNTHETIC β1–24 AND β1–39 CORTICOTROPHIN BY ANTI-ACTH ANTISERUM

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Villanueva ◽  
S. J. H. Ashcroft ◽  
J. P. Felber
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Lipolytic Activity ◽  
Peptide Hormones ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Double Antibody ◽  
Epididymal Fat ◽  
Antibody Complex ◽  
Radio Immunoassay ◽  
Antigen Antibody

ABSTRACT The synthetic ACTH peptides β1–39 and β1–24 stimulated lipolysis as determined by the rat epididymal fat pad in vitro. The stimulating effect of these peptides was diminished by prior incubation of the peptides with antibodies produced by the guinea-pig against ACTH. The stimulating effect of these hormones was also diminished by the double antibody system used in the radio-immunoassay of ACTH and other peptide hormones, in which incubation with antiserum is followed by precipitation of the antigen-antibody complex by rabbit anti-guinea-pig-γ-globulin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document