Ficus in the Solomon Islands and its bearing on the post-jurassic history of Melanesia

1967 ◽  
Vol 253 (783) ◽  
pp. 23-159 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Unit ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Britain ◽  
Asian Mainland ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

The fig-flora of the Solomon Islands (Bougainville to San Cristobal) is exceptionally rich (63 species, 23 endemic). It is related to that of New Guinea but differs in the species of four groups, namely subgen. Pharmacosycea (3 endemics), subgen. Ficus sect. Sycidium ser. Scabrae (6 endemics), sect. Sycocarpus subsect. Auriculisperma (5 endemics), and subsect. Sycocarpus (8 endemics); the other endemic is in sect. Adenosperma . The effect is a flora that defines the Solomons as a geographical unit. These four subgeneric groups appear to have arisen in this part of Melanesia and to have spread thence with varying success through Malaysia to the Asian mainland. Eastwards ser. Scabrae has evolved in Polynesia and subgen. Pharmacosycea in New Caledonia. Most of the 36 species common with New Guinea terminate their eastward distribution in San Cristobal; nine extend to New Hebrides and two of these to Polynesia. Four dispersal arcs are recognized: (i) the Melanesian Foreland linking northern New Guinea, New Ireland, New Britain, the Solomons, New Hebrides and, perhaps, Fiji; (ii) the Australian Foreland linking southern New Guinea, Queensland and New Caledonia; (iii) a subsidiary connexion between the Solomons, New Hebrides and New Caledonia; (iv) the tropical Pacific fig-route which, as the oldest, connected with tropical America. These conclusions put Melanesia as a centre of Ficus -evolution and, therefore, the distribution of the Melanesian groups of Ficus becomes a prime chronological factor in the post-Jurassic history of Melanesia. Ficus is taken as an example of the durian theory in the sense of the evolution of the modern tree. The rule is formulated that, without a pachycaul predecessor, there can have been no major subgeneric evolution. Surviving pachycauls are descendents of the stocks from which the new groups have spread. Hence pachycaul geography becomes a basis for phytogeography. New taxa are : F. cristobalensis, F. dissipata, F. illiberalis, F. immanis, F. macrothyrsa var. lancifolia, F. novae-georgiae, F. oleracea var. villosa, F. pseudowassa, F. scaposa and F. tanypoda .

scholarly journals Melanesian ants of the genus Amblyopone (Hymenoptera : Formicidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Sea Islands ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrograph ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Britain

The known Melanesian ants of genus Amblyopone are reviewed, with a key to species and comprehensive scanning electron micrograph illustrations of each. They are: A. noonadan Taylor (New Britain); A. papuana, sp. nov. (New Guinea); A. celata Mann (eastern Solomon Islands); A. gnoma, sp. nov. (Guadalcanal) and A. australis Erichson (New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides; also widespread in Australia, New Zealand and Tasman Sea islands). The name 'A. australis' is currently applied to a complex of closely related, intractable, biological species.

Elsinoe batatas. [Distribution map].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Caroline Islands ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Britain ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Elsinoe batatas (Saw.) Viegas & Jenkins. Hosts: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Brunei, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Caroline Islands, Fiji, Guadalcanal, Guam, New Britain, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil (Sao Paulo, Bahia, Campinas, Algoinhas, Rio Grande).

Dysdercus sidae. [Distribution map].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dysdercus sidae Montr. (D. insular is Stål) (Hemipt., Pyrrhocoridae). Host Plants: Cotton, kapok, Hibiscus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AUSTRALASIA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Fiji, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Niue, Papua & New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Wallis Islands, Irian Jaya.

Drechslera incurvata. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
New Hebrides

Abstract A description is provided for Drechslera incurvata. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cocos nucifera. DISEASE: A leaf spot of young coconut (Cocos nucifera). The spots are at first small, oval, brown; enlarging and becoming pale buff in the centre with a broad, dark brown margin. In severe attacks the edges of leaves become extensively necrotic. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Apart from records from Jamaica and Seychelles the fungus has been reported only from S.E. Asia, Australasia and Oceania: British Solomon Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Malaysia (W., Sabah, Sarawak), New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Papua-New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Thailand. TRANSMISSION: Presumably air dispersed.

Arpactophilus reassessed, with three bizarre new species from New Guinea (Hymenotpera : Sphecidae : Pemphredonindae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Menke
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
New Britain

Diagnostic characters of the Australian genus Arpactophilus are reviewed and augmented. Spilornena is demonstrated to be very similar morphologically, and the distinctions between the two genera are discussed. The known distribution of Arpactophilus now includes New Guinea, New Britain, New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands, and Fiji. Three new species of the genus are described from New Guinea: A. preposterus, A. rhinocerus and A. papua. The maxillary palpi of Arpactophilus, Spilomena, Xysrna and Microstigrnus are 5-segmented, not 6- as previously assumed. These four genera are removed from the subtribe Stigmina, and placed in a new subtribe, the Spilomenina.

Puccinia polysora. [Distribution map].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
French West Africa ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
New Britain ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Puccinia polysora Underw. Hosts: Maize (Zea mays) etc. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Agalega Islands, Cameroun, Congo, French, Equatorial, Africa, French, West Africa, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malagasy Republic, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Réunion, Rhodesia, Rodrieuez Islands, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Spanish, Guinea, Sudan, Tanzania (Tanganyika) (Zanzibar), Togoland, Uganda, Zambia, ASIA, Cambodia, Christmas Islands (Indian Ocean), India (West Bengal & Sikkim), Indonesia (Celebes) (Java), Malaysia (Western) (Sabah) (Sarawak), Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia (Queensland), Cocos Islands, Fiji, New Britain, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Papua & New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Western Samoa, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, United States, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Belize, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador St., Lucia, St. Vincent, Trinidad & Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela.

Revision of the Genus Amblypelta Stål (Hemiptera, Coreidae)

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Bkown
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The West ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Species Groups

SummaryIn view of the discovery of several new species and subspecies of Amblypelta (Hemiptera, COREIDAE), some of which are either known to be or else threaten to become of economic importance, a revision of the whole genus has become necessary.The genus Amblypelta, as defined in the present paper and as known so far, is confined to Australia north of Sydney, the islands between Australia and New Guinea, New Guinea and, to the west, the Kai Is., Timor and Java; the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands including Bougainville, Eennell and Bellona; the New Hebrides and New Caledonia. In the present revision of the genus, twelve species and five subspecies are included, of which all but seven species are new to science. Apart from the descriptions of the new species and subspecies, taxonomic notes on the previously known species are given as well as a key to all the species.The known distribution of each species is stated, and consideration given to the zoogeography of the genus as a whole, and of certain species-groups which can be recognised within the genus.

South Pacific Commission

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-533
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Samoa ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Export Crops

First South Pacific ConferenceSir Brian Freeston, Governor of Fiji, was chairman of the first South Pacific Conference which met at Nasinu, Fiji, April 25 to May 5, 1950. The proposed agenda items had been assigned to the member governments for the preparation of introductory papers to serve as discussion guides; Australia reported on mosquito control and die improvement and diversification of food and export crops; the United States on village health; New Zealand on the village school; Netherlands on vocational training; the United Kingdom on cooperative societies; and France on fisheries methods. The conference adopted recommendations in each of these fields as well as exchanging ideas and information on administrative matters. Delegates attended the Conference from Papua, New Guinea, Nauru, New Caledonia and dependencies, French Oceania, the Netherlands, New Guinea, Western Samoa, Cook Islands including Niue, Fiji, British Solomon Islands, Gilbert Islands, Ellice Islands, American Samoa, New Hebrides, and Tonga.

Floristic relationships between New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands

1969 ◽  
Vol 255 (800) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Seed Plant ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Botanical Exploration ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
New Britain

New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands are compared briefly as to location, size, climate, and other physical features. Possibly 585 seed-plant genera known from the Solomon-Santa Cruz groups are indigenous there, and 692 similarly may be indigenous in New Caledonia. Unknown from New Caledonia are 272 of the Solomons genera and unreported from the Solomons are 379 of the New Caledonian genera. Thus only 313 genera, or 32-5 %, of the 964 total genera are common to both archipelagoes. It is suggested that the relatively smaller generic flora of the Solomons reflects the more limited botanical exploration of the Solomons as well as the greater variability of climate, substrate, and vegetation types of New Caledonia. Also New Caledonia is believed to have a much older, more relict flora than the Solomons, as indicated by the numerous conifers and primitive angiosperms (four genera of which are primitively vesselless). The far greater generic endemism (perhaps 94 genera or 13-5%) of New Caledonia as compared with the Solomons (5 genera or 0-86%) is explained by the much greater isolation in space and time of New Caledonia from other land masses. New Caledonia has its closest botanical relationships with coastal Queensland and New Guinea, with which it shares 474 and 482 genera respectively. Its floristic affinities are less with New Zealand and the Outer Melanesian Arc. The Solomons, on the other hand, have their closest botanical ties with New Guinea through New Britain and New Ireland. At least 572, or almost 98%, of the 585 genera recorded from the Solomons are represented also in New Guinea. As with the fauna, however, the Solomons flora is much attenuated, lacking many of the characteristic New Guinea genera, especially those of the montane and alpine regions. The break between the Solomon Islands and the Santa Cruz Islands is much greater than that between New Guinea and the Bismarcks and between the Bismarcks and the Solomons.

Sugarcane Fiji disease virus. [Distribution map].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Fiji Disease Virus ◽  
New Britain ◽  
Virus Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sugarcane Fiji disease virus Kunkel. Hosts: Sugarcane (Saccharum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Malagasy, Republic ASIA, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia (New South Wales, Queensland), Fiji, New Britain, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.

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