scholarly journals Crustacea

1879 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Special Study ◽  
The South ◽  
East African ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
African Coast ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Subject

The Crustacea collected by Messrs. G. Gulliver and H. H. Slater amount in all to 189 specimens, representing 35 species. All of these are forms that are widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific or Oriental Region (which includes the eastern coast of Africa, the south and east of Asia and islands adjacent, Australia, and the islands of Polynesia), with the following exceptions:— Atergatopsis signatus (hitherto only known from the Mauritius), Caridina typus (original locality not known), Palœmon dispar (hitherto recorded only from the Malayan Archipelago), Palœmon hirtimanus (from Mauritius, Réunion, and the Indian Ocean), P. debilis (from Amboina and the Sandwich Islands), and the new species of Talitrus ( T. gulliver i), which is described below. With two exceptions all the species in the collection belong to the Podophthalmia . The following are the sub-tribes represented, with the number of species belonging to each :— The Crustacea inhabiting the Red Sea have been made the subject of special study by Rüppell and Heller, those of Madagascar and the islands adjacent by Hoffmann, of Mauritius and Réunion by Alphonse Milne-Edwards, and of the South African coast by M’Leay and Krauss. Valuable additions to our knowledge of the Crustacea of the East African coast have been published by Hilgendorf, in Van der Decken’s “Reisen in Ost-Afrika,” where will also be found a conspectus of all the known species of East African Crustacea by Von Martens. So far as I am aware, however, no species have hitherto been recorded as inhabiting the Island of Rodriguez.

Trade and society on the south-east African coast in the later first millennium AD: the case of Chibuene

Antiquity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (333) ◽  
pp. 723-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sinclair ◽  
Anneli Ekblom ◽  
Marilee Wood
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
The South ◽  
East African ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
African Coast ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Beach Site

The south-east coast of Africa in the later first millennium was busy with boats and the movement of goods from across the Indian Ocean to the interior. The landing places were crucial mediators in this process, in Africa as elsewhere. Investigations at the beach site of Chibuene show that a local community was supplying imported beads to such interior sites as Schroda, with the consequent emergence there of hierarchical power structures.

scholarly journals Central Malagasy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Penelope Howe
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Capital City ◽  
The South ◽  
East African ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Regional Dialects ◽  
African Coast ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Primary Basis

Malagasy is the westernmost Austronesian language and belongs to the South East Barito subgroup of the Western Malayo-Polynesian subfamily (Dahl 1988, Rasoloson & Rubino 2005). Dahl (1951) presents widely-accepted evidence that Malagasy is most closely related to the Indonesian language Ma’anyan of Kalimantan (South Borneo). The term Malagasy refers to a macrolanguage (Lewis, Simons & Fennig 2014), with many regional dialects distributed throughout the island of Madagascar, which lies off the east African coast across from Mozambique (see Figure 1) and has a population of over 22 million (INSTAT 2018). The central area of the country, or the ‘Central Highlands’, is a plateau of up to 5000 feet and includes the capital city of Antananarivo, with a metropolitan population of about four million. The dialect historically spoken in and around Antananarivo is called Merina, and it served as the primary basis for development of the standardized, institutional language referred to as Malagasy Ofisialy ‘Official Malagasy’ (OM).

Chinese Porcelain as a Symbol of Power on the East African Coast from the 14th Century Onward

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-93
Author(s):  
Andrea Montella
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Main Section ◽  
East African ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
African Coast ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Ancient Times

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the role of Chinese ceramics in Swahili society, with particular emphasis on their funerary uses. Although the importance of Chinese ceramics, especially porcelain, is attested throughout the Indian Ocean, scholars have only recently pointed out their role not only as chronological markers, but also as useful tools to better understand the politics and social customs of certain areas, such as the East African Coast. Imported vessels are involved in several ritual activities which have been performed in Swahili houses since ancient times. Ceramics act as protective tools in the innermost and main section of the house, exclusively reserved for women. According to local customs, Chinese ceramics are believed to be able to ward off negative influences. Furthermore, ceramics became part of the constitution of authority and power, not just a reflection of them. In particular, their importance is evident from their use in religious monuments such as mosques and tombs, where they are used as architectural decorative elements in order to display the wealth of the deceased and as symbols of legitimacy bestowed from ancestors to their heirs. Chinese porcelain in funerary contexts thus became a necessary instrument whereby the Swahili elite asserted their prominence during the continuous negotiation of power between them and other social classes.

Early Muslim Trading Settlements on the East African Coast: New Evidence from Shanga

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Early Period ◽  
East African ◽  
Rock Crystal ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
African Coast ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Much archaeological and historical research has recently been devoted to the study of the early Swahili communities inhabiting the East African coast during the late first millennium a.d. The practice of Islam can be shown to date back to perhaps the beginning of the ninth century from when the first mosques have been excavated. The economic importance of East Africa for the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean world is apparent from the wealth of imports and exports found in a large number of these coastal sites. African trading systems brought to medieval society high-value commodities ranging from gold, rock crystal and ivory, to slaves and timber. The items were carried across large distances sea by traders following the seasonal monsoon system around the coasts and across the Indian Ocean. is argued that the trading settlements were African in culture and origin, but then attracted Muslims who were responsible for occasional local converts from a very early period in the history of Islam.

‘Indian’ metalwork in East Africa: the bronze lion statuette from Shanga

Antiquity ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (234) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Horton ◽  
T.R. Blurton
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
East African ◽  
The West ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
Early Date ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
African Coast ◽  
The Indian Ocean

There are few frontiers from later periods whose archaeology is more beguiling than the east African coast. To the east are the sea-routes of the Indian Ocean, to the Islamic world, to India, to Indonesia, to China. To the west are the distinctive cultures of medieval Africa. And on the coast are the settlements where the east and the west touch. This paper works towards the wider issue of circum-maritime cultures from a single find from the new excavations at Shanga which have revealed mosques of a remarkably early date.

Competition and Ceramics on the East African Coast: Long-Term Perspectives on Nineteenth-Century History at the Swahili Port Town of Mikindani, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 335-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Pawlowicz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
East African ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
African Coast ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Economic Landscape

AbstractThe Swahili communities of the East African coast have often been characterized as middlemen, defined by their ability to navigate – often quite literally – the economic networks linking the African Interior and the Indian Ocean rim. Yet diversity has increasingly been recognized between Swahili communities. In this paper I add to the awareness and explication of Swahili diversity through comparative analysis of the archaeology of the southern Tanzanian town of Mikindani. In particular, I work to extend our knowledge of political and economic competition in East Africa backwards from the better documented nineteenth century. For Mikindani, its inhabitants’ changing abilities to access certain kinds of ceramics trace the competitive structures of this part of the coast and provide evidence for their success or failure in navigating a complex economic landscape.

scholarly journals Lowering the Sultan's Flag: Sovereignty and Decolonization in Coastal Kenya

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Racial Violence ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
East African ◽  
Political Theatre ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
Coastal Kenya ◽  
African Coast ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Coastal Strip

On 17 December 1961, Ronald Ngala faced an audience of some five hundred supporters in Malindi, a town on the East African coast of the Indian Ocean. The crowd had come to watch Ngala lower the flag that symbolized colonial rule along the coast. This was not the Union flag of Great Britain, but the red flag of the Sultan of Zanzibar. It flew over a number of towns located along the ten-mile coastal strip “Protectorate” of what was then Kenya Colony and Protectorate. The flag symbolized this latter legal distinction, representing the sovereignty that the Sultan of Zanzibar retained over the coastal strip of Kenya after leasing its administration to Britain in a treaty signed in 1895. The flag's lowering was an act of political theatre—Ngala's supporters had hastily arranged the flag and flagpole, while the Sultan's real flag flew over the Malindi courts office nearby. The crowd celebrated its lowering with loud and wild cheers. Anxious onlookers later complained that Ngala had performed an act of treason. In Zanzibar, tense with the specter of racial violence, local press expressed outrage at this insult to the Sultan.

Adeonellas from the Gulf of Aden including one new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1012 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN-MARGRET AMUI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Gulf Of Aden ◽  
East African ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
African Coast ◽  
One New Species

The genus Adeonella Busk, 1884 consists of 41 species, with a broad distribution in the southern hemisphere. Just three are known from the east African coast so far: A. distenta from the coast of Aden, A. lichenoides and A. falcicuala from Zanzibar (Hayward 1988). Hayward (1983) suggested that further species of Adeonella are likely to be found along the east African coast. Two species of Adeonella, including one new species, are reported from the Gulf of Aden in this study.

From Marco Polo to Manuel I of Portugal: The Image of the East African Coast in the Early Sixteenth Century

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN MICHEL MASSING
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Coast ◽  
East African ◽  
East African Coast ◽  
Marco Polo ◽  
African Coast ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Interesting Development

Less than twenty years after Vasco da Gama joined the commercial perimeter of the Indian Ocean (1497–8), European artists had developed a view of the newly discovered lands, ranging from highly exotic and sometimes quite fanciful renderings based on medieval sources (the ‘Tapestries of the Indies’) to careful ethnographic illustrations based on written and visual sources (Hans Burgkmair's large woodcut frieze, People of Africa and India, of 1508). These few years, in which the monstrance of Belém of 1506 (Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon) was produced with the gold of Kilwa, also saw an interesting development in Portuguese gold coinage. All these ventures record a brief moment of European fascination with the east coast of Africa and its multicultural inhabitants, which is the object of this study.

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