scholarly journals XII. On the results of recent explorations of erect trees containing animal remains in the coal-formation of Nova Scotia

1882 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 621-659 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Charles Lyell ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Government Fund ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

The occurrence of remains of land animals in the interior of erect fossil trees is, so far as yet known, confined to certain horizons in the coal-field of the South Joggins in Nova Scotia. These remains were first discovered by Sir Charles Lyell and the writer in the summer of 1851. They were found in fragments of the sandstone filling an erect Sigillaria which had fallen from the cliff near Coal Mine Point. As other erect trees occurred in the beds from which this was supposed to have fallen, search was made by the writer in subsequent visits for additional trees; but up to 1876 only three of those which became accessible by the wasting of the beds were found to yield animal fossils. These, however, afforded many additional specimens, and several new species of Batrachians and Millipedes. The results of these explorations were published at various times in the Journal of the Geological Society of London, in a work entitled ‘Air-breathers of the Coal Period,' and in 'Acadian Geology;' and Dr. Scudder described the new species of Millipedes in the Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History. The beds containing the productive trees being thus well known, and being exposed in a cliff and in a reef extending into the sea, it seemed probable that many others might be obtained by quarrying operations of no great difficulty. In 1878 the subject was brought under the notice of the Council of the Royal Society, and a grant of £50 was made from the Government Fund to aid in the extraction of these trees and the collection of their contents. With the aid of this grant, a thorough survey and examination has been made of the cliff and reef by Mr, Albert T. Hill, C. E., by Mr. W. B. Dawson, C. E., and by myself, with the kind aid of B, B. Barnhill, Esq., Superintendent of the Joggins Coal Mines. By these means, along with the removal of fallen débris and sand from the outcrop of the beds, twenty additional trees were discovered and were extracted by cutting and blasting; affording many additional specimens and much information respecting the conditions of accumulation of the beds and the manner of entombment of the animal remains.

scholarly journals At the Anniversary Meeting, November 30, 1844

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 519-538
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
The Public ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Antarctic

Gentlemen, The time has again come round for my addressing you, and for ex­pressing my own gratitude, as well as yours, to your Council for their constant and zealous attention to the interests of the Royal Society. We have been compelled during several late years to have recourse to legal proceedings on the subject of the great tithes of Mablethorp, a portion of the Society’s property, and I rejoice to say with success. In my last address, I was required to give our thanks to Mr. Watt and to Mr. Dollond for the valuable busts which they had kindly presented to us. That of Mr. Dollond is placed at the commence­ment of the staircase leading to our apartments, and serves to indi­cate that his valuable improvements in the construction of our tele­scopes have been so many steps to the acquisition of higher and higher knowledge of the great universe of which this globe forms so insignificant a part. By the liberality of Mr. Watt we shall soon be furnished with handsome pedestals for the busts of his father and of Sir Isaac Newton, the two great lights of British mechanical genius and British philosophical science. Mr. Gilbert has kindly undertaken to furnish a similar pedestal for the bust of his father, and we have thought it right to provide one for that of Sir Joseph Banks. These will shortly form a conspicuous ornament of our place of meeting. The magnetical observatories are still carrying on their observa­tions, both in Her Majesty’s dominions and in foreign countries, and another naval officer, Lieut. Moore, has proceeded to the Antarctic Seas to complete a portion of the survey of Captain Sir James Ross, which was interrupted by stress of weather. That gallant and enter­ prising officer will, I hope, ere long give to us and to the public his own narrative of his important discoveries. Detailed accounts of the botany and zoology of the regions visited by him are preparing under the patronage of the Government, while Colonel Sabine is proceeding with the raagnetical observations, which were the more immediate objects of this, one of the most important voyages of discovery ever undertaken.

scholarly journals VIII. Reduction of anemograms taken at Armagh Observatory in the years 1857 to 1863

1875 ◽  
Vol 23 (156-163) ◽  
pp. 511-514
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Royal Irish Academy ◽  
Government Fund ◽  
The Government

The instrument with which these observations were made is described in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, vol. xxii., and a continuous series of its records exist from 1845 to 1870. With the limited resources of this Observatory it was not in my power to reduce them; but it seemed to some distinguished members of the Royal Society desirable to ascertain whether such observations are competent to develop any laws amid the seeming lawlessness of the winds, and they obtained for me a grant from the Government Fund to discuss the anemograms of these seven years. Unfortunately the work has been long delayed by various accidents.

scholarly journals VI. Researches on the atomic weight of thallium

1873 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 277-330 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In June 1862, and in February 1863, I had the honour to lay before the Royal Society communications on the subject of the then newly discovered metal, Thallium. In these I gave an account of its occurrence, distribution, and the method of extraction from the ore, together with its physical characteristics and chemical properties; also I discussed the position of thallium among elementary bodies, and gave a series of analytical notes. In the pages of the 'Journal of the Chemical Society’ for April 1, 1864, I collated all the information then extant, both from my own researches and from those of others, introducing qualitative descriptions of an extended series of the salts of the metal. I propose in the present paper to lay before the Royal Society the details and results of experiments which have engrossed much of my spare time during the last eight years, and which consist of very laborious researches on the atomic weight of thallium. In these researches I owe much to the munificence of the Royal Society for having placed at my disposal a large sum from the Government Grant. Without this supplement to my own resources it would have been difficult for me to have carried out the investi­gation with such completeness.

scholarly journals V.—Note by Professor Morris, F.G.S., on Organic Remains in the Somersetshire Coal-field

1868 ◽  
Vol 5 (50) ◽  
pp. 356-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M.
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Invertebrate Animal ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Local Investigator ◽  
Organic Remains

The occurrence of invertebrate animal-remains in the Somersetshire Coal-field has not, I believe, been very frequently noticed. With the view of drawing attention to the subject, I send a brief notice of a few remains which I had the pleasure of collecting during a visit with Mr. J. Prestwich to this district, hoping that the local geologists, or members of the Natural History Societies, may be induced to record the observations they have made, or further prosecute enquiries into the occurrence of the animal-remains, either vertebrate or invertebrate, which may be associated with the rich and interesting flora of this Coal-field. Casts of bivalve mollusca (Anthracoptera?) were detected in the coal-shale at Twerton, near Bath, but I was not fortunate in finding any similar shales at the other coal-pits visited. Remains of Entomostraca were, however, tolerably abundant at one or two localities, and I have little doubt would yield a rich harvest to any local investigator.

V. The development of Peripatus capensis

1885 ◽  
Vol 38 (235-238) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Quarterly Journal ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
Short Time

The development of Peripatus capensis was first studied by Moseley, who stopped for a short time at the Cape in November and December some years ago. His observations related only to a few stages comparatively late in development. Balfour, in 1882, found some younger embryos in specimens collected by Mr. Lloyd Morgan in July and August. He had only time to make a very few observations, of which he left a short record in the form of four rough drawings and a short note, and a letter to Prof. Kleinenberg, before starting on his last expedition to Switzerland. His observations were so interesting that they were made the subject of a short communication to the Royal Society in the autumn of 1882, and they were slightly extended by the editors of his last work on the anatomy of Peripatus capensis , and published with that monograph in the “Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science” in the spring of 1883. The subject seemed so important that the Government Grant Committee of the Royal Society granted, in the spring of 1883, the sum of £100 to enable me to go to the Cape for the purpose of obtaining well-preserved embryos, and of studying the development on fresh specimens.

II.— On a New Species of Fossil Cockroach, Archimylacirs (Etoblattina) Woodwardi, from the South Wales Coal-field

1910 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Herbert Bolton
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
The South ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
A New Species

The Orthopteron wing which forms the subject of the present paper was obtained by Mr. David Davies from a dark-blue shale, about 10 feet in thickness, overlying the No. 2 Rhondda coal-seam in Clydach Vale (see Plate XV). The shale decreases to the east, dying out wholly 2 miles beyond the colliery, giving place to sandstone. I am indebted to Mr. Davies for the opportunity of describing the specimen.

scholarly journals VI. A study of the skull of a dicynodon by means of serial sections

1914 ◽  
Vol 204 (303-312) ◽  
pp. 201-225 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Government Fund ◽  
First Results ◽  
New Apparatus ◽  
The Government ◽  
Grinding Machine

In this communication we propose to give an account of the first results we have obtained with a new apparatus purchased by a grant from the Government Fund administered by the Royal Society. Our previous work was accomplished by means of a grinding machine already described, but this, though admirably adapted to the examination of small specimens (up to 20 mm. square), is inadequate for larger and more important objects, such as the skulls of fossil reptiles or mammals.

scholarly journals The reply of the President and Council to a letter addressed to them by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, on the subject of the cooperation of different Nations in Meteorological Observations. Communicated by direction of the President and Council

1854 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Uniform System ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
The Government

Sir,—I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of March the 4th, transmitting, by direction of the Earl of Malmesbury, several documents received from foreign governments in reply to a proposal made to them by Her Majesty’s Government, for their cooperation in establishing a uniform system of recording meteorological observations, and requesting the opinion of the President and Council of the Royal Society in reference to a proposition which has been made by the Government of the United States, respecting the manner in which the proposed cooperation should be carried out.

scholarly journals II. Supplementary report on explorations of erect trees containing animal remains in the coal-formation of Nova Scotia

1893 ◽  
Vol 52 (315-320) ◽  
pp. 4-5 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Fossil Insects ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Preliminary Account ◽  
Supplementary Report

To the memoir which I had the honour to present to the Royal Society on this subject in 1882* I appended a note from Dr. Scudder, of Cambridge, U. S., so well known for his researches in fossil Insects and Arachnidans, in which he gave a preliminary account of the remains of Arthropods in my collections which I had submitted to him.

Construction of an Achievement Test in General Science for Class IX Based on NCERT Syllabus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailendra Bhuyan ◽  
Punita Borpuzari Deori
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
General Science ◽  
School Students ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Teaching Learning

Achievement test is of very important assessment tool to evaluate the student’s current level of knowledge and skill acquired from classroom instruction. This test is designed to evaluate the student’s level of achievement in a particular subject for a particular class prescribed under the board or the university. In other words, to assess how much the pupils have achieved the educational objectives in teaching learning process at the end of the course and if achieved then to what extent, it has been achieved. Achievement tests are proved to be very helpful in various ways to the people who are involved in the field of education such as the teachers, the administrators, the planners, to the parents as well as for the students. The teacher very carefully develops and conduct achievement test in the class which enable the teacher to get an overall idea of the progress or the level of achievement of his students in the subject area. The teacher can determine the pupil’s strength and weakness in the subject area. So, based on this the teacher can take necessary remedial instructional strategies for the betterment of the pupil’s progress. In the same time, it also provides feedback for the teaching efficiency of the teacher.As with the time changes there have been many educational reforms taken place and in between syllabus had also been changed under different Boards of Studies. In order to maintain uniform standard of education the Government has formulated a policy to implement NCERT syllabus common to all School Boards throughout the country and accordingly the State Board of Secondary Education, Assam (SEBA) follow NCERT syllabus and to evaluate students’ achievement in terms of the policy formulated by the Board. Till now, no any standardized achievement test has been conducted for the secondary school students of Assam. Therefore, the investigators felt to construct and standardize an achievement test in the subject General Science which will definitely help in educational research.

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