Isolation of a novel species of flavivirus and a new strain of Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) from a natural mosquito population in Uganda

The genus Flavivirus, which contains approximately 70 single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, represents a unique model for studying the evolution of vector-borne disease, as it includes viruses that are mosquito-borne, tick-borne or have no known vector. Both theoretical work and field studies suggest the existence of a large number of undiscovered flaviviruses. Recently, the first isolation of cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) was reported from a natural mosquito population in Puerto Rico, and sequences related to CFAV have been discovered in mosquitoes from Thailand. CFAV had previously been isolated from a mosquito cell line in 1975 and represented the only known ‘insect-only’ flavivirus, appearing to replicate in insect cells alone. A second member of the ‘insect-only’ group, Kamiti River virus (KRV), was isolated from Kenyan mosquitoes in 2003. A third tentative member of the ‘insect-only’ group, Culex flavivirus (CxFV), was first isolated in 2007 from Japan and further strains have subsequently been reported from the Americas. We report the discovery, isolation and characterization of two novel ‘insect-only’ flaviviruses from Entebbe, Uganda: a novel lineage tentatively designated Nakiwogo virus (NAKV) and a new strain of CxFV. The individual mosquitoes from which these strains were isolated, identified retrospectively by using a reference molecular phylogeny generated using voucher specimens from the region, were Mansonia africana nigerrima and Culex quinquefasciatus, respectively. This represents the first isolation, to our knowledge, of a novel insect-only flavivirus from a Mansonia species and the first isolation of a strain of CxFV from Africa.

Download Full-text

Isolation and characterization of the principal caseins in rat milk

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900020926 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 97-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jean-Pierre Pelissier ◽

Ahmed Yahia ◽

Jean-Marc Chobert ◽

Bruno Ribadeau Dumas

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Molecular Weight Determination ◽

Terminal Sequence ◽

Sequence Determination ◽

Sialic Acid Content ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

The Individual ◽

Similar Peptide

SummaryThe 4 major caseins, A1, A2, B1, B2, from rat milk have been isolated and analysed. From molecular weight determination, amino acid and phosphorus analyses and N-terminal sequence determination, A1 and A2 are concluded to possess similar peptide chains as do B1 and B2, with the individual fractions within each of these 2 groups differing only in their sialic acid content.Mol. wts of approximately 22000 and 38000 were found for A1–A2 and B1–B2 respectively. The amino acid sequence of the first 13 residues of A1–A2 has been partly established. Components A1 and A2 appeared to be homologous with bovine β-casein, whereas B1 and B2 were different from any known casein, especially in their molecular weight.

Download Full-text

Isolation and Characterization of the Photoalteration Products of cis- and trans-Chlordane

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/58.1.6 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 6-9

Author(s):

Francis I Onuska ◽

Michael E Comba

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Thin Layer ◽

High Yield ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

The Individual ◽

Cis And Trans ◽

Layer Chromatography

Abstract Ultraviolet irradiation of cis- and trares-chlordane yielded 3 photolysis products. The expected half-caged analog of cis-chlordane was formed in high yield, and 2 minor photoproducts of trans-chlordane were observed. One of these products was a half-caged isomer. The individual photoproducts were isolated by thin layer chromatography and characterized by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of γ-monodentate and β,γ-bidentate CrITP. Isolation and characterization of the two chelation isomers and the individual diastereomers

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/0162-0134(86)80009-5 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 75-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kenneth J. Gruys ◽

Sheldon M. Schuster

Keyword(s):

Isolation And Characterization ◽

The Individual

Download Full-text

Isolation and Characterization of Micro-organisms with Industrial Importance From Sisal Bole Rots

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology ◽

10.52339/tjet.v34i1.456 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 26-35

Author(s):

Consolatha J.N. Mhaiki ◽

Enock Masanja ◽

Jamidu H.Y. Katima ◽

Gunaraths Rajarao ◽

Gunnel Dalhammar

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Brevundimonas Diminuta ◽

Industrial Use ◽

Brevundimonas Vesicularis ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

The Individual ◽

Micro Organisms

Investigation of microorganisms naturally acclimatized to Agave hybrid H 11648 (sisal bole rot) was conducted, with the aim of isolating and characterizing Aspergillus niger strains for industrial use. Microorganism were identified morphologically and then confirmation made by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed the existence of four major groups, listed in order of abundances as follows; Aspergilli (36.0±0.8) %, Penicillin (28.0±0.1) %, Yeast (15.0±1.6) %and Fusarium (10.0±0.12) %. The main groups of Aspergilli strains were A. nidulans, A. tamari and A. niger in ratios (3:2:2), respectively. Several endo-spore forming non-enteric gram (-) rods and coccid bacteria identified by API20 NE identification systemincluded,Brevundimonas diminuta sp, Shewanella putrefaciens sp, Brevundimonas vesicularis sp and Pasteurella sp. Results showed that sisal bole rot stems hosts a high bio-diversity of microorganism species other than A. niger. Exploitation of the individual strains is recommended. This could eventually produce strains forprecursors of industrially and therapeutically metabolites.

Download Full-text

Isolation and Characterization of PHA Producing Bacteria from Sewage Samples of Assam

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d4287.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 10686-10692

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Scale Production ◽

High Turnover ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

The Individual

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (Pha) Is A Family Of Naturally Occurring Polymers Which Is Reportedly Produced By More Than 75 Genera Of Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Bacteria. Although The Industrial Production Of This Bioplastic Commenced Decades Ago, Its Large Scale Production Is Still Debilitated By Factors Such As Rate Of Production By The Bacteria And The Raw Materials For Its Production, Which Finally Elevates The Production Cost. The Present Thrust In This Area Is To Isolate Bacterial Species Which Have A High Turnover Of Pha With Minor Expenditure. Sewage And Sewage Sludge Samples Are Rich Sources Of Microflora Which Offer A Nutrient Limited Habitat To The Individual Organisms. Under These Conditions Of Stress, Native Organisms Develop A Metabolomics Which Efficiently Convert Vital Nutrients Into Essential Macromolecules, And In This Case A Storage Polymer Of Industrial Significance I.E. Pha. In This Pilot Study An Attempt Was Made To Isolate Indigenous Bacterial With Ability To Produce The Polymer.

Download Full-text

Isolation and characterization of pyrimidine mutants of Salmonella typhimurium altered in expression of pyrC, pyrD, and pyrE

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m85-186 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 31 (11) ◽

pp. 981-987 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rod A. Kelln ◽

J. Neuhard ◽

Lisbeth Stauning

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Lac Operon ◽

Structural Genes ◽

General Applicability ◽

Cis Acting ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Mutant Strains ◽

The Individual

Parental strains of Salmonella typhimurium having a specific pyr gene (pyrC, pyrD, or pyrE) fused to the structural genes of the lac operon through the specialized transducing phage Mu dl (ApRlac) were used to construct thermostable derivatives for purposes of conducting a genetic and biochemical characterization of the individual pyr genes. The direction of transcription of each pyr gene in relation to the current linkage map was defined with both pyrC and pyrE being transcribed counterclockwise and pyrD exhibiting clockwise transcription. Mutants displaying increased pyr gene expression were isolated employing a genetic strategy which is of general applicability. Among the mutants, only one isolate was found to possess a mutation which was unlinked to the specific pyr gene under study; the other isolates harbored linked mutations which were inferred to be cis-acting. Additional studies demonstrated that in conditions of severe pyrimidine limitation, further derepression could still occur in the mutant strains.

Download Full-text

Isolation and characterization of components from roots of Premna latifolia Roxb

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1463 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 2259-2264

Author(s):

Gowtham M ◽

Asharani I V ◽

Paridhavi M

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

13C Nmr ◽

Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

The Individual ◽

First Time ◽

Layer Chromatography

The aim of the current work was to isolate and characterize structurally fascinating and biologically intriguing compounds from the dried roots of Premna latifolia. Dried plant roots were subjected to soxhalation with ethyl alcohol and later to column chromatography. The individual compounds were isolated by preparative thin-layer chromatography followed by structural characterization using various spectral ways like LCMS, IR, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR (1H-1H NMR and 1H-13C NMR). Three totally different compounds were isolated and characterised as Compound 1: n-Tridecanyl n-Tetracosanoate, Compound 2: Stigmanstan -3β-olyln-octadec-9ʹ, 12ʹ-dienoate and Compound 3: n-Tetracosanol for the first time from Premna latifolia roots.

Download Full-text