scholarly journals Imaging Review of Skeletal Tumors of the Pelvis Malignant Tumors and Tumor Mimics

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandikota Girish ◽  
Karen Finlay ◽  
David Fessell ◽  
Deepa Pai ◽  
Qian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Pelvic Lesions

Malignant lesions of the pelvis are not uncommon and need to be differentiated from benign lesions and tumor mimics. Appearances are sometimes nonspecific leading to consideration of a broad differential diagnosis. Clinical history, anatomic location, and imaging characterization can help narrow the differential diagnosis. The focus of this paper is to demonstrate the imaging features and the role of plain films, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for detecting and characterizing malignant osseous pelvic lesions and their common mimics.

Spiculated Masses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liva Andrejeva ◽  
Jaime L. Geisel ◽  
Malini Harigopal
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Imaging Protocols ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Management Recommendations

A spiculated mass is a centrally dense lesion seen on mammography with sharp lines radiating from its margin. The spicules can vary greatly in length, from a few millimeters to several centimeters. In malignant lesions, spicules represent a mixture of tumor cells and fibrosis invading the normal tissue surrounding the lesion. Although a spiculated mass is thought of as a classic finding of malignancy on mammography, ultrasound, and MRI, its differential diagnosis includes benign lesions. However, unless clinical history strongly supports a benign diagnosis, a spiculated mass on any modality typically will require additional workup and biopsy. This chapter reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols and pitfalls, differential diagnoses, radiology–pathology correlations, and clinical management recommendations for a spiculated mass. Topics discussed include both malignant and benign masses.

Role of Interface Sign and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differential Diagnosis of Exophytic Renal Masses

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Fatma Kulali ◽  
Safak Firat Kulali ◽  
Aslihan Semiz-Oysu ◽  
Burcu Kaya-Tuna ◽  
Yasar Bukte
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Purpose We aimed to investigate the role of interfaces of exophytic solid and cystic renal masses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the added value of diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Methods The Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective study, and informed consent was waived. A total of 265 patients (109 [41%] women and 156 [59%] men) with a mean age of 57 ± 12 (standard deviation) years were enrolled in this study. Preoperative MRI (n = 238) examinations of patients with solid or cystic renal masses and MRI (n = 27) examinations of patients with Bosniak IIF cysts without progression were reviewed. Solid/cystic pattern, interface types and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were recorded by 2 radiologists. The diagnostic performance of combining normalized ADC values with interface sign were evaluated. Results Among 265 renal lesions (109 cystic and 156 solid), all malignant lesions (n = 192) had a round interface. No malignant lesions showed an angular interface. For prediction of benignity in cystic lesions, sensitivity (82.86% vs 56.16%), negative predictive value (92.50% vs 85.71%), and accuracy (94.50% vs 87.92%) ratios of angular interface were higher compared to all (solid plus cystic) lesions. The best normalized ADC cutoff values for predicting malignancy in lesions with round interface were as follows: for all (solid plus cystic), ≤ 0.75 (AUROC = 0.804); solid, ≤ 0.6 (AUROC = 0.819); and cystic, ≤ 0.8 (AUROC = 0.936). Conclusions Angular interface can be a predictor of benignity for especially cystic renal masses. The evaluation of interface type with normalized ADC value can be an important clue in differential diagnosis especially in patients avoiding contrast.

scholarly journals Value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in assessment of adnexal lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania S. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Marwa Sh. Abd El Fattah ◽  
Zeinab M. Metwally ◽  
Lamiaa A. S. Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the characterization and diagnosis of ovarian lesions. Results From October 2015 to October 2017, a total of 57 female patients (65 adnexal lesions; 8 cases were bilateral) were included. The examined lesions were classified according to their histopathological findings, (37 (57%) benign lesions, 4 (6%) borderline lesions, and 24 (37%) malignant lesions). The mean choline/creatinine (CHO/Cr) ratio was 1.29 ± 0.98 SD for malignant lesions, while the mean value in borderline lesions was 0.63 ± 0.15 SD, and the mean value for the benign lesions was 0.65 ± 0.34. Therefore, the mean CHO/Cr ratio was much higher in malignant than in benign lesions, which was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001) as well as between the borderline and invasive lesions (P = 0.05), but not between the benign and borderline lesions. The diagnostic performance of conventional MRI in diagnosing adnexal lesions was 100%, specificity was 76%, and accuracy was 86%. However, MRS individual diagnostic performances are the following: sensitivity 89%, specificity, and 100% with an accuracy of 95%. Conclusion MRS proved to be an accurate and efficient method for the analysis of adnexal lesions and in differentiation between benign and malignant tumors.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging in differential diagnosis of adnexal masses during pregnancy

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
S.A. Martynov ◽  
◽  
L.V. Adamyan ◽  
E.A. Kulabukhova ◽  
P.V. Uchevatkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adnexal Masses

scholarly journals Role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of mammographically detected asymmetric densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zidan ◽  
Shimaa Ali Saad ◽  
Eman Abo Elhamd ◽  
Hosam Eldin Galal ◽  
Reem Elkady
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Breast Asymmetries ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Abstract Background Asymmetric breast density is a potentially perplexing finding; it may be due to normal hormonal variation of the parenchymal pattern and summation artifact or it may indicate an underlying true pathology. The current study aimed to identify the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the assessment of breast asymmetries. Results Fifty breast lesions were detected corresponding to the mammographic asymmetry. There were 35 (70%) benign lesions and 15 (30%) malignant lesions. The mean ADC value was 1.59 ± 0.4 × 10–3 mm2/s for benign lesions and 0.82 ± 0.3 × 10–3 mm2/s for malignant lesions. The ADC cutoff value to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions was 1.10 × 10–3 mm2/s with sensitivity 80%, specificity 88.6%, positive predictive value 75%, negative predictive value 91%, and accuracy 86%. Best results were achieved by implementation of the combined DCE-MRI and DWI protocol, with sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 94.3%, positive predictive value 87.5%, negative predictive value 97.1%, and accuracy 94%. Conclusion Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was the most sensitive method for the detection of the underlying malignant pathology of breast asymmetries. However, it provided a limited specificity that may cause improper final BIRADS classification and may increase the unnecessary invasive procedures. DWI was used as an adjunctive method to DCE-MRI that maintained high sensitivity and increased specificity and the overall diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI examination. Best results can be achieved by the combined protocol of DCE-MRI and DWI.

scholarly journals Imaging Review of Skeletal Tumors of the Pelvis—Part I: Benign Tumors of the Pelvis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandikota Girish ◽  
Karen Finlay ◽  
Yoav Morag ◽  
Catherine Brandon ◽  
Jon Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plain Film ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Pelvic Lesions

The osseous pelvis is a well-recognized site of origin of numerous primary and secondary musculoskeletal tumors. The radiologic evaluation of a pelvic lesion often begins with the plain film and proceeds to computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and possibly biopsy. Each of these modalities, with inherent advantages and disadvantages, has a role in the workup of pelvic osseous masses. Clinical history and imaging characteristics can significantly narrow the broad differential diagnosis for osseous pelvic lesions. The purpose of this review is to familiarize the radiologist with the presentation and appearance of some of the common benign neoplasms of the osseous pelvis and share our experience and approach in diagnosing these lesions.

scholarly journals Imaging indications and findings in evaluation of lung transplant graft dysfunction and rejection

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mnahi Bin Saeedan ◽  
Sanjay Mukhopadhyay ◽  
C. Randall Lane ◽  
Rahul D. Renapurkar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Primary Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
End Stage

AbstractLung transplantation is a treatment option in end-stage lung disease. Complications can develop along a continuum in the immediate or longer post-transplant period, including surgical and technical complications, primary graft dysfunction, rejection, infections, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, and recurrence of the primary disease. These complications have overlapping clinical and imaging features and often co-exist. Time of onset after transplant is helpful in narrowing the differential diagnosis. In the early post transplantation period, imaging findings are non-specific and need to be interpreted in the context of the clinical picture and other investigations. In contrast, imaging plays a key role in diagnosing and monitoring patients with chronic lung allograft dysfunction. The goal of this article is to review primary graft dysfunction, acute rejection, and chronic rejection with emphasis on the role of imaging, pathology findings, and differential diagnosis.

The human Bosniak model applied to a cat with renal cystadenoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
F. Del Chicca ◽  
M. Ruetten ◽  
B. Gerber ◽  
P. Baloi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Bosniak Classification ◽  
Core Needle ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Malignant Lesions

SummaryA 13-year-old domestic shorthair cat was presented with weight loss and azotemia. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a large cystic spaceoccupying lesion with multiple septae in the left kidney. A core needle biopsy yielded a renal cystadenoma originating from the epithelial cells. This report describes the clinical, ultrasonographic and computed tomographic features and the growth progression of a renal cystadenoma. We describe the first attempt to apply the human Bosniak classification to a cat with renal cystic neoplasia to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. Cystadenoma should be a differential diagnosis in cases of renal cystic space-occupying lesions. Other differentials, imaging features to differentiate benign and malignant lesions and the risk of malignant transformation will be discussed.

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