scholarly journals Game theoretic methods in population dynamics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Liao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Transient Dynamics ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Cellular Phenotype ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Simple Systems ◽  
Heterogeneous Tissues

AbstractGame theoretic methods are used to model the dynamics of cellular populations (tissues) in which it is necessary to account for changes in cellular phenotype (usually proliferation) resulting from cell-cell interaction. Results include prediction of long-term steady-state “equilibria” and transient dynamics. These results can be useful for predicting relapse after cytoreduction, assessing the efficacy of alternating combination therapy, and interpreting biopsy specimens obtained from spatially heterogeneous tissues. Mathematical tools range from simple systems of differential equations to computational techniques (individual-based models).

The Textual Evolution of the Ottoman Şeyhülislams’ Fetvas: A Cross-Corpora Computational Analysis

Der Islam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-545
Author(s):  
Boğaç Ergene ◽  
Atabey Kaygun
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In this article, we use a mix of computational techniques to identify textual shifts in the Ottoman şeyhülislams’ fetvas between the sixteenth and twentieth centuries. Our analysis, supplemented by a close reading of these texts, indicates that the fetvas underwent multiple forms of transformation, a consequence of the institutional evolution of the şeyhülislam’s fetva office (fetvahane) that aimed to speed up and streamline the production of the fetvas: over time, the texts appropriated a more uniform character and came to contain shorter responses. In the compositions of the questions, we identified many “trigger terms” that facilitated reflexive responses independent of the fetvas’ jurisprudential contexts, a tendency that became stronger after the second half of the seventeenth century. In addition, we propose in the article a methodology that measures the relative strengths of textual and conceptual links among the fetva corpora of various Ottoman şeyhülislams. This analysis informs us about possible paths of long-term evolution of this genre of jurisprudential documents.

Haematogenous osteomyelitis: clinical presentation and outcome in three dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rabillard ◽  
L. Souchu ◽  
G. W. Niebauer ◽  
O. Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Diagnostic Investigation ◽  
Pathological Fractures ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Haematogenous Osteomyelitis

SummaryHaematogenous osteomyelitis is a rare form of bone infection in adult dogs. Most commonly the infection is iatrogenic or traumatic in origin. The authors report three different presentations of haematogenous osteomyelitis: a focal pelvic localisation in a growing dog, a vertebral lesion in an adult dog with associated neurological signs and a multifocal affection in another adult dog with concomitant pathological fractures.Clinical signs included pyrexia of undetermined origin, focal pain and lameness. Diagnostic investigation included radiographic imaging, bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, surgical biopsy, and bacteriological culture with sensitivity testing of biopsy specimens as well as of peripheral blood samples. Treatment consisted of long-term antimicrobial therapy and surgical debridement with curettage of the pelvic abscess of the young dog and decompressive hemilaminectomy of the second dog, with excellent recovery. The dog affected by polyostotic bone involvement and suffering pathological fractures was euthanatized.Haematogenous osteomyelitis may be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and may present as a devastating skeletal condition, even in adult dogs, and should be considered amongst the differential diagnoses early on to allow effective treatment.

scholarly journals Coupling hydrodynamic and individual-based models to simulate long-term larval supply to coastal nursery areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEBASTIEN ROCHETTE ◽  
MARTIN HURET ◽  
ETIENNE RIVOT ◽  
OLIVIER LE PAPE
Keyword(s):  
Larval Supply ◽  
Nursery Areas ◽  
Individual Based Models

scholarly journals Long-term morphological and immunohistochemical observations on biopsy specimens of small intestine from children with gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C Rosekrans ◽  
C J Meijer ◽  
I Polanco ◽  
M L Mearin ◽  
A M van der Wal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy

Game-Theoretic Insights Concerning Key Business Ethics Issues Occurring in Emerging Economies

2015 ◽  
pp. 34-55
Author(s):  
Duane Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Game Theoretic

This chapter identifies some game-theoretic insights concerning several key issues of business ethics typically occurring in emerging economies. The chapter explicates four elements in this sequence: nature of game theory, characteristics of emerging economies, fundamentals of business ethics, and key business ethics issues. The chapter emphasizes useful insights of game theory rather than undertaking formal modeling (examples are noted in references). Game theory assists reasoning about strategic scenarios for businesses. A multinational entity operates within layers of institutions and norms from the international to the national and sub-national levels. Such institutions and norms help structure the complex environment within which a multinational entity operates. The approach in this chapter is to inquire into certain specific decision scenarios available in the extant literature as instances of important classes of decision problems and to suggest game-theoretic responses. These scenarios concern long-term sustainable business models, corporate values, and corporate reputation.

Building Model Credibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Keyword(s):  
Model Validation ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
The Many ◽  
Primary Basis ◽  
Nontraditional Approach

This chapter assesses how state- and prediction-based theory (SPT), as a nontraditional approach to modeling adaptive behavior embedded in a nontraditional population modeling approach, faces a significant credibility challenge. This challenge is complicated by the many ways that models can gain or lose credibility, and widespread confusion surrounding the term model validation. The chapter then addresses the task of testing, improving, and establishing the credibility of individual-based models (IBMs) that contain adaptive individual behavior. The experience with the trout and salmon models provides the primary basis for this discussion, but other long-term modeling projects have produced similar experiences. The chapter summarizes some of the issues and challenges that typically arise and how they have been dealt with, before presenting lessons learned from two decades of empirical and simulation studies addressing credibility of the salmonid models.

Endothelial Cell Injury in Cardiovascular Surgery: The Systemic Inflammatory Response11Recent discoveries in the field of vascular biology have led to an expanded understanding of the pathogenesis of many of the immediate and long-term complications of patients undergoing cardiovascular operations and interventional cardiologic procedures. In particular, the vascular endothelium has emerged as the central focus of many of the biologic events that affect the preoperative, operative, and postoperative course of nearly all heart surgery patients. A recurring theme in the study of endothelial cell biology is the crucial role that endothelial cell injury plays in the difficulties that our patients encounter. The deleterious effects of endothelial cell injury are most evident in the acute syndromes of vasospasm, coagulopathy, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and the systemic inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass. In addition, chronic endothelial cell injury contributes to the development of anastomotic narrowing and the progression of atherosclerosis, both of which limit the long-term success of coronary artery bypass grafting. Because of the increasingly recognized role of the endothelium in cardiovascular function there is a tremendous amount of basic science information detailing the response of the endothelium to injury. This is the fifth in a series of seven reviews intended as an introduction to the major topics of endothelial cell biology that are of importance to the practicing cardiothoracic surgeon. In particular, the authors have focused on the role that the endothelium has on the development of vasomotor dysfunction, bleeding and thrombosis, neutrophil-endothelial cell interaction, and obstructive arteriopathy. The aim of these reviews is to provide a concise reference point for cardiothoracic surgeons as they evaluate the ever-accumulating research findings and new therapies that stem from the study of the endothelium in response to the insults encountered in cardiothoracic surgery.Edward D. Verrier, MD

1997 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M Boyle, MD ◽  
Timothy H Pohlman, MD ◽  
Marion C Johnson, MD ◽  
Edward D Verrier, MD
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Endothelial Cell Injury

Long-Term Preservation of Rat Skin Tissue by Epigallocatechin-3-O-Gallate

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakhee Kim ◽  
Takeshi Kawazoe ◽  
Kazuaki Matsumura ◽  
Shigehiko Suzuki ◽  
Suong-Hyu Hyon
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Dermal Matrix ◽  
Skin Sample ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Skin grafts can be preserved by cryopreservation and refrigerated storage at 4°C. Epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) enhances the viability of stored skin grafts and also extends the storage time up to 7 weeks at 4°C. EGCG, the major polyphenolic constituent present in green tea, has potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and free radical scavenging effects. This study examined the effects of EGCG on skin cryopreservation. Skin sample biopsy specimens from GFP rats were previously treated with/without EGCG then moved to −196°C. Skin samples were transplanted to nude mice after 2, 8, and 24 weeks of preservation. Glucose consumption was measured after thawing to assess the metabolic activity. Two weeks later the transplanted skin grafts were excised and histologically analyzed. Histological examinations revealed the degeneration of the epidermal and dermal layers in all groups. In the EGCG groups, the grafts showed higher integrity in the epidermal layer and dermal matrix. The present findings suggest the future clinical usefulness of EGCG for skin preservation; however, the mechanism by which EGCG promotes skin preservation still remains unclear.

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