scholarly journals Recent progress in multi-electrode spike sorting methods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Lefebvre ◽  
Pierre Yger ◽  
Olivier Marre
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Spike Sorting ◽  
Separation Problem ◽  
Individual Activity ◽  
Sorting Algorithms ◽  
Signal Processing Algorithms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
The Individual

AbstractIn recent years, arrays of extracellular electrodes have been developed and manufactured to record simultaneously from hundreds of electrodes packed with a high density. These recordings should allow neuroscientists to reconstruct the individual activity of the neurons spiking in the vicinity of these electrodes, with the help of signal processing algorithms. Algorithms need to solve a source separation problem, also known as spike sorting. However, these new devices challenge the classical way to do spike sorting. Here we review different methods that have been developed to sort spikes from these large-scale recordings. We describe the common properties of these algorithms, as well as their main differences. Finally, we outline the issues that remain to be solved by future spike sorting algorithms.

scholarly journals Nonlinear speech analysis algorithms mapped to a standard metric achieve clinically useful quantification of average Parkinson's disease symptom severity

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (59) ◽  
pp. 842-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Tsanas ◽  
Max A. Little ◽  
Patrick E. McSharry ◽  
Lorraine O. Ramig
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Signal Processing Algorithm ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Signal Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms

The standard reference clinical score quantifying average Parkinson's disease (PD) symptom severity is the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). At present, UPDRS is determined by the subjective clinical evaluation of the patient's ability to adequately cope with a range of tasks. In this study, we extend recent findings that UPDRS can be objectively assessed to clinically useful accuracy using simple, self-administered speech tests, without requiring the patient's physical presence in the clinic. We apply a wide range of known speech signal processing algorithms to a large database (approx. 6000 recordings from 42 PD patients, recruited to a six-month, multi-centre trial) and propose a number of novel, nonlinear signal processing algorithms which reveal pathological characteristics in PD more accurately than existing approaches. Robust feature selection algorithms select the optimal subset of these algorithms, which is fed into non-parametric regression and classification algorithms, mapping the signal processing algorithm outputs to UPDRS. We demonstrate rapid, accurate replication of the UPDRS assessment with clinically useful accuracy (about 2 UPDRS points difference from the clinicians' estimates, p < 0.001). This study supports the viability of frequent, remote, cost-effective, objective, accurate UPDRS telemonitoring based on self-administered speech tests. This technology could facilitate large-scale clinical trials into novel PD treatments.

Exploring Individual Activity-Travel Patterns Based on Geolocation Data from Mobile Phones

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110312
Author(s):  
Biao Yin ◽  
Fabien Leurent
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Travel Patterns ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Individual Activity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Individual Mobility ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Individual

Data mining techniques can extract useful activity and travel information from large-scale data sources such as mobile phone geolocation data. This paper aims to explore individual activity-travel patterns from samples of mobile phone users using a two-week geolocation data set from the Paris region in France. After filtering the data set, we propose techniques to identify individual stays and activity places. Typical activity places such as the primary anchor place and the secondary place are detected. The daily timeline (i.e., activity-travel program) is reconstructed with the detected activity places and the trips in-between. Based on user-day timelines, a three-stage clustering method is proposed for mobility pattern analysis. In the method framework, activity types are first identified by clustering analysis. In the second stage, daily mobility patterns are obtained after clustering the daily mobility features. Activity-travel topologies are statistically investigated to support the interpretation of daily mobility patterns. In the last stage, we analyze statistically the individual mobility patterns for all samples over 14 days, measured by the number of days for all kinds of daily mobility patterns. All individual samples are divided into several groups where people have similar travel behaviors. A kmeans++ algorithm is applied to obtain the appropriate number of patterns in each stage. Finally, we interpret the individual mobility patterns with statistical descriptions and reveal home-based differences in spatial distribution for the grouped individuals.

Quantifying Participation in Large-Scale Virtual Environments

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-206
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Floating Point ◽  
Role Playing Games ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Floating Point Unit ◽  
The Common ◽  
Digital Addiction ◽  
The Individual

The term large-scale virtual environment (LSVE) is not in the common usage. One might find discussion on massively multi-user online role-playing games (MMORPGs) and multi-user virtual environment (MUVEs), but these are sub-types of LSVEs and usually focus on the graphical element, not measuring the capacity of the individual users and the computation of their combined potential, nor the analysis of how they interact with one another to achieve mutual or opposite goals that affect the usage of data and their own nutritional resources. By investigating different user groups, internal and external representations and various thresholds, including the serendipity threshold, this chapter contributes to the understanding of how digital addiction manifests through a brain measurement called knol, which can be used as a floating-point unit.

scholarly journals Playing with Art: Musical Arrangements as Educational Tools in van Swieten's Vienna

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Thormäählen
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
String Quintet ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Musical Arrangements ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Interactive Experience

Art played a significant part in the educational ideal promoted by German intellectuals in the late eighteenth century. Gottfried van Swieten, President of the Court Commission for Education in Vienna and librettist for The Creation, was instrumental in developing and promoting the role of art in the moral education of the individual. His encouragement of active engagement with art sheds new light on the common practice of arranging musical "classics"——in particular large-scale vocal works——for smaller instrumental forces around 1800. Van Swieten's writings suggest that such arrangements may be understood not merely as entertaining trifles but as the product of the sociopolitical mores of the Enlightenment. Inviting the direct, interactive experience of art, the arrangement of Joseph Haydn's Creation for string quintet was particularly suited to the moral and social education of the individual. Grounded at least in part in archaic compositional practices, it demonstrated an artwork's adaptability to different circumstances of performance and to the different levels of education of its performers. Moreover, the act of playing the arrangement, one to a part, allowed for the honing of an individual's inner sociable sentiment through collaboration with fellow performers.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

Models, Practices and Methods of Reading: Evolution in Time and Space

2009 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Yulia P. Melentyeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Program ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Individual

In recent years as public in general and specialist have been showing big interest to the matters of reading. According to discussion and launch of the “Support and Development of Reading National Program”, many Russian libraries are organizing the large-scale events like marathons, lecture cycles, bibliographic trainings etc. which should draw attention of different social groups to reading. The individual forms of attraction to reading are used much rare. To author’s mind the main reason of such an issue has to be the lack of information about forms and methods of attraction to reading.

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