scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomics of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivars Provide Insights of Biochemical Pathways Involved in Flavor and Color

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqasuddin Khan ◽  
Safina Abdul Razzak ◽  
M. Kamran Azim
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomics ◽  
Gibberellin Biosynthesis ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
De Novo Sequence Assembly ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractMango is an economically important fruit crop of many tropical and subtropical countries. Recently, leaf and fruit transcriptomes of mango cultivars grown in different geographical regions have characterized. Here, we presented comparative transcriptome analysis of four mango cultivars i.e. cv. Langra, cv. Zill, cv. Shelly and cv. Kent from Pakistan, China, Israel and Mexico respectively. De-novo sequence assembly generated 30,953-85,036 unigenes from RNASeq datasets of mango cultivars. KEGG pathway mapping of mango unigenes identified terpenoids, flavonoids and carotenoids biosynthetic pathways involved in flavor and color. The analysis revealed linalool as major monoterpenoid found in all cultivars studied whereas, monoterpene α-terpineol was specifically found in cv. Shelly. Ditepene gibberellin biosynthesis pathway was found in all cultivars whereas, homoterpene synthase involved in biosynthesis of 4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene (TMTT; an insect induced diterpene) was found in cv. Kent. Among sesquiterpenes and triterpenes, biosynthetic pathway of Germacrene-D, an antibacterial and anti-insecticidal metabolite was found in cv. Zill and cv. Shelly. Two bioactive triterpenes, lupeol and β-amyrin were found in cv. Langra and cv. Zill. Unigenes involved in biosynthesis of carotenoids, β-carotene and lycopene, were found in cultivars studied. Many unigenes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were also found. Comparative transcriptomics revealed naringenin (an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant metabolite) as ‘central’ flavanone responsible for biosynthesis of an array of flavonoids. The present study provided insights on genetic resources responsible for flavor and color of mango fruit.

Development of Innovative Mango Bar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
A. K. Chaurasiya ◽  
Minerva Potsangbam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
World Production ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
The World ◽  
Mango Pulp ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Β Carotene

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important tropical fruits in the world and currently ranked 5th in total world production among the major fruit crops. As mango is a seasonal fruit, about 20% of fruits are processed for products such as puree, nectar, leather, pickles, canned slices, and chutney. Mango fruit bar, an important product of commerce, is an excellent source of vitamin A and C, potassium fibre and β-carotene. They are very famous mainly because of it tastes like a mango which come handy and is available off season. Mango bars are generally prepared by drying mango pulp with proper amount of sugar and acid. Thus, to standardize the recipe for preparation of good quality mango bar from mango pulp along with cassava and flour.

scholarly journals Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Three Different Parts of Mango Fruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Veeranjaneya Reddy Lebaka ◽  
Young-Jung Wee ◽  
Weibing Ye ◽  
Mallikarjuna Korivi
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Mango Kernel ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Mango Pulp ◽  
Β Carotene

Mango (Mangifera indica L.), known as the king of fruits, has an attractive taste and fragrance and high nutritional value. Mango is commercially important in India, where ~55% of the global crop is produced. The fruit has three main parts: pulp, peel, and kernel. The pulp is the most-consumed part, while the peel and kernel are usually discarded. Mango pulp is a source of a variety of reducing sugars, amino acids, aromatic compounds, and functional compounds, such as pectin, vitamins, anthocyanins, and polyphenols. Mango processing generates peels and kernels as bio-wastes, though they also have nutraceutical significance. Functional compounds in the peel, including protocatechuic acids, mangiferin and β-carotene are known for their antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties. The mango kernel has higher antioxidant and polyphenolic contents than the pulp and peel and is used for oil extraction; it’s possible usage in combination with corn and wheat flour in preparing nutraceuticals is being increasingly emphasized. This review aims to provide nutraceutical and pharmacological information on all three parts of mango to help understand the defense mechanisms of its functional constituents, and the appropriate use of mangoes to enhance our nutrition and health.

scholarly journals MGDb: An analyzed database and a genomic resource of mango (Mangifera Indica L.) cultivars for mango research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Qamar-ul-Islam ◽  
M. Ahmed Khan ◽  
Rabia Faizan ◽  
Uzma Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Flat File ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Data ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
De Novo Sequence Assembly ◽  
Genomic Resource

AbstractMango is one of the famous and fifth most important subtropical/tropical fruit crops worldwide with the production centered in India and South-East Asia. Recently, there has been a worldwide interest in mango genomics to produce tools for Marker Assisted Selection and trait association. There are no web-based analyzed genomic resources available for mango particularly. Hence a complete mango genomic resource was required for improvement in research and management of mango germplasm. In this project, we have done comparative transcriptome analysis of four mango cultivars i.e. cv. Langra, cv. Zill, cv. Shelly and cv. Kent from Pakistan, China, Israel, and Mexico respectively. The raw data is obtained through De-novo sequence assembly which generated 30,953-85,036 unigenes from RNA-Seq datasets of mango cultivars. The project is aimed to provide the scientific community and general public a mango genomic resource and allow the user to examine their data against our analyzed mango genome databases of four cultivars (cv. Langra, cv. Zill, cv. Shelly and cv. Kent). A mango web genomic resource MGdb, is based on 3-tier architecture, developed using Python, flat file database, and JavaScript. It contains the information of predicted genes of the whole genome, the unigenes annotated by homologous genes in other species, and GO (Gene Ontology) terms which provide a glimpse of the traits in which they are involved. This web genomic resource can be of immense use in the assessment of the research, development of the medicines, understanding genetics and provides useful bioinformatics solution for analysis of nucleotide sequence data. We report here world’s first web-based genomic resource particularly of mango for genetic improvement and management of mango genome.

Extraction, Characterization and Optimization of High Ester Pectin from Mango Fruit (Mangifera indica) Waste Using (3)2 Factorial Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Rishabha Malviya ◽  
Giriraj Kulkarni ◽  
Tanya Malaviya
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
High Ester

scholarly journals The ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango genome reveals candidate genes for fruit quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S. E. Bally ◽  
◽  
Aureliano Bombarely ◽  
Alan H. Chambers ◽  
Yuval Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
High Molecular Weight Dna ◽  
Tropical Fruit

Abstract Background Mango, Mangifera indica L., an important tropical fruit crop, is grown for its sweet and aromatic fruits. Past improvement of this species has predominantly relied on chance seedlings derived from over 1000 cultivars in the Indian sub-continent with a large variation for fruit size, yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, and fruit quality among other traits. Historically, mango has been an orphan crop with very limited molecular information. Only recently have molecular and genomics-based analyses enabled the creation of linkage maps, transcriptomes, and diversity analysis of large collections. Additionally, the combined analysis of genomic and phenotypic information is poised to improve mango breeding efficiency. Results This study sequenced, de novo assembled, analyzed, and annotated the genome of the monoembryonic mango cultivar ‘Tommy Atkins’. The draft genome sequence was generated using NRGene de-novo Magic on high molecular weight DNA of ‘Tommy Atkins’, supplemented by 10X Genomics long read sequencing to improve the initial assembly. A hybrid population between ‘Tommy Atkins’ x ‘Kensington Pride’ was used to generate phased haplotype chromosomes and a highly resolved phased SNP map. The final ‘Tommy Atkins’ genome assembly was a consensus sequence that included 20 pseudomolecules representing the 20 chromosomes of mango and included ~ 86% of the ~ 439 Mb haploid mango genome. Skim sequencing identified ~ 3.3 M SNPs using the ‘Tommy Atkins’ x ‘Kensington Pride’ mapping population. Repeat masking identified 26,616 genes with a median length of 3348 bp. A whole genome duplication analysis revealed an ancestral 65 MYA polyploidization event shared with Anacardium occidentale. Two regions, one on LG4 and one on LG7 containing 28 candidate genes, were associated with the commercially important fruit size characteristic in the mapping population. Conclusions The availability of the complete ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango genome will aid global initiatives to study mango genetics.

scholarly journals Carotenoids from Cyanobacteria: Biotechnological Potential and Optimization Strategies

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Fernando Pagels ◽  
Vitor Vasconcelos ◽  
Ana Catarina Guedes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Orange Carotenoid Protein ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are tetraterpenoids molecules present in all photosynthetic organisms, responsible for better light-harvesting and energy dissipation in photosynthesis. In cyanobacteria, the biosynthetic pathway of carotenoids is well described, and apart from the more common compounds (e.g., β-carotene, zeaxanthin, and echinenone), specific carotenoids can also be found, such as myxoxanthophyll. Moreover, cyanobacteria have a protein complex called orange carotenoid protein (OCP) as a mechanism of photoprotection. Although cyanobacteria are not the organism of choice for the industrial production of carotenoids, the optimisation of their production and the evaluation of their bioactive capacity demonstrate that these organisms may indeed be a potential candidate for future pigment production in a more environmentally friendly and sustainable approach of biorefinery. Carotenoids-rich extracts are described as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral agents and are proposed for feed and cosmetical industries. Thus, several strategies for the optimisation of a cyanobacteria-based bioprocess for the obtention of pigments were described. This review aims to give an overview of carotenoids from cyanobacteria not only in terms of their chemistry but also in terms of their biotechnological applicability and the advances and the challenges in the production of such compounds.

Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Juniperus oxycedrus essential oils from North Western Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Cherifa Zahaf ◽  
Djilali Achour ◽  
Meriem Mokhtar ◽  
Moussa Brada
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Juniperus Oxycedrus ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
North Western ◽  
Β Carotene

The aim of the current study was to identify the essential oils of Juniperus oxycedrus from North Western Algeria (Mostaganem) by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (GC-MS), and to evaluate their antibac-terial and antioxidant activities. Extraction was carried out by two processes, hydrodistillation (HD) and steam distillation (SD). Analysis by GC-MS led to the identification of 38 components using both methods. HD was found to be the best process for the extraction of Juniperus essential oil, and the ma-jor identified compounds were: germacrene-D (38.28%), followed by α.-pinene (17.66%), and δ-cadinene (5.91%). In the antibacterial test, SD oil had a higher inhibitory effect. The strain Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive with an inhibition zone of 15.25 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.25 mg/mL. The antioxidant activity of J. oxycedrus es-sential oils obtained by HD was more important than SD (IC50= 19.52 mg/mL and IC50= 38.62 mg/mL) with DPPH and β-carotene bleaching tests respec-tively. Essential oils of J. oxycedrus could therefore represent good candidates to be used as antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Survey of fruit nutrient removal by mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars for the export market in various producing regions of Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Adriana Mellado-Vázquez ◽  
Samuel Salazar-García ◽  
Ricardo Goenaga ◽  
Alfredo López-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Thin Slices ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

In Mexico there are more than 201 400 ha grown with different mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars. This may cause variations in mineral requirement, fruit mineral concentrations and nutrient removal. The objective of this research was to make a survey of mineral concentration in fruit tissues and calculate nutrient removal by fruit tissues during harvest of the most important mango cultivars (Ataulfo, Kent and Tommy Atkins) from several production regions (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Nayarit, and Sinaloa) of Mexico. Fruit at physiological maturity were harvested from commercial mango orchards and concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and boron (B) was determined for skin, mesocarp, endocarp, and seed tissues. Each tissue was cut into thin slices and they were dehydrated in a forced air oven at 70 °C, after that, were pulverized and they were analyzed: nitrogen by semi-microKjeldahl digestion, phosphorus with the ascorbic acid method and the other nutrients with atomic absorption. The removal of nutrients was calculated considering the weight of the fruit and the content of nutrients in each tissue. Signif icant differences in the concentration of N, K, Mg, and Zn were found among cultivars and tissues. Concentration of P, S, Cu, and Mn in the skin, Ca, Cu, and Mn in the mesocarp, Ca, S, Mn, and B in endocarp, and S, Fe, and Mn in the seed were not affected by mango cultivar. Production region affected concentration of minerals in ‘Ataulfo’ fruit more than in ‘Tommy Atkins’ and ‘Kent’. Nutrient removal by mango fruit tissues was little affected in cvs. Ataulfo, Tommy Atkins and Kent. The regions with the greatest nutrient removal were Oaxaca, Campeche and Sinaloa for ‘Ataulfo’, ‘Tommy Atkins’ and ‘Kent’, respectively.

scholarly journals The biosynthetic origin of psychoactive kavalactones in kava

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pluskal ◽  
Michael P. Torrens-Spence ◽  
Timothy R. Fallon ◽  
Andrea De Abreu ◽  
Cindy H. Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Piper Methysticum ◽  
Heterologous Production ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Plant Biochemistry ◽  
Tailoring Enzymes

AbstractFor millennia, humans have used plants for medicinal purposes. However, our limited understanding of plant biochemistry hinders the translation of such ancient wisdom into modern pharmaceuticals1. Kava (Piper methysticum) is a medicinal plant native to the Polynesian islands with anxiolytic and analgesic properties supported by over 3,000 years of traditional use as well as numerous recent clinical trials2–5. The main psychoactive principles of kava, kavalactones, are a unique class of polyketide natural products known to interact with central nervous system through mechanisms distinct from those of the prescription psychiatric drugs benzodiazepines and opioids6,7. Here we reportde novoelucidation of the biosynthetic pathway of kavalactones, consisting of seven specialized metabolic enzymes. Based on phylogenetic and crystallographic analyses, we highlight the emergence of two paralogous styrylpyrone synthases, both of which have neofunctionalized from an ancestral chalcone synthase to catalyze the formation of the kavalactone scaffold. Structurally diverse kavalactones are then biosynthesized by subsequent regio- and stereo-specific tailoring enzymes. We demonstrate the feasibility of engineering heterologous production of kavalactones and their derivatives in bacterial, yeast, and plant hosts, thus opening an avenue towards the development of new psychiatric therapeutics for anxiety disorders, which affect over 260 million people globally8.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document