scholarly journals Blood Levels of NLRP3 Inflammasome Components is Associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melike Tetik ◽  
Nese Direk ◽  
Betul Onder ◽  
Cansu Aykac ◽  
Burcu Ekinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Potential Biomarker

ABSTRACTBackgroundInflammation has a well-known role in the pathogenesis of a range of neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Previous studies provided evidence regarding its possible involvement in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, mechanisms explaining the association of inflammation with OCD are lacking. The NLRP3 inflammasome complex initiates and mediates inflammatory response, which explain one of the most important key mechanisms behind inflammatory response. In this study, we aimed to determine a possible association between NLRP3 inflammasome and OCD, and to evaluate its relationship with clinical features.MethodsThis case-control study included 103 participants (51 OCD and 52 healthy controls). OCD patients were diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria. All participants were evaluated by psychiatric inventories, i.e. Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, and Hewitt Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from fresh blood samples. RNA and protein were extracted from PBMCs and expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. Serum IL-1beta and IL-18 cytokine levels were determined by ELISA.ResultsNEK7 and CASP1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in OCD patients, compared to controls. Pro-Caspase-1 protein levels were elevated, as well. Regression analysis showed that NEK7 mRNA and Caspase-1 protein levels can differentiate OCD and healthy control groups.Discussionpro-Caspase-1 mRNA and protein levels in PBMCs, as well as NEK7 mRNA levels are potential biomarker candidates in OCD. Our results may prompt research into possible role of NLRP3 inflammasome in OCD etiology.

A double-blind comparison of sertraline and clomipramine in outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Bisserbe ◽  
RM Lane ◽  
MF Flament ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Intent To Treat

SummaryThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sertraline and clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Outpatients with DSM-III-R defined OCD for 1 year or longer and scores of ≥ 20 on the YaleBrown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), ≥ 7 on the National Institute of Mental Health Global Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (NIMH-OC), ≥ 4 on the Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness Scale (CGI-S) and ≤17 on the Hamilton Depression Scale (17 item HAMD) were randomized to sertraline (n = 86) or clomipramine (n = 82) once daily for 16 weeks. Initial daily doses of sertraline and clomipramine were 50 mg. After a minimum of 4 weeks, these doses could be increased by 50 mg increments every 2 weeks to a maximum of 200 mg daily if the response was thought inadequate. Efficacy was assessed at the end of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of therapy using the Y-BOCS, NIMH-OC, CGI-S, CGI Improvement Scale (CGI-I) and Clinical Anxiety Scale (CAS). One hundred sixty-eight patients were randomized and received at least one dose of double-blind medication; 86 received sertraline and 82 clomipramine. Mean final daily doses at final visit were clomipramine 90 mg (efficacy evaluable patients 101 mg, completers 110 mg), and sertraline 129 mg (efficacy evaluable patients 132 mg, completers 136 mg). Mean baseline Y-BOCS, NIMH-OC and CGI-S totals were 27.7, 10.1 and 5.5, respectively, for sertraline and 27.4, 9.9 and 5.5, respectively, for clomipramine. Sertraline demonstrated greater efficacy than clomipramine in the intent-to-treat patient group: mean baseline to final visit changes were 50.8% (Y-BOCS), 41.9% (NIMH-OC) and 37.7% (CGI-S) for sertraline and 42.9% (Y-BOCS), 33.8% (NIMH-OC) and 30.0% (CGI-S) for clomipramine (P < 0.05). The number of patients withdrawing because of adverse events was substantially greater for clomipramine (26%) than sertraline (11%) (P < 0.05). The most frequent adverse events for clomipramine were dry mouth (20%), anxiety (17%), constipation (16%), nausea (15%) and somnolence (11%), and for sertraline, diarrhea (12%) and nausea (12%). In this study, sertraline was more effective than clomipramine in the intent-to-treat analysis. The difference in efficacy between the treatments is almost wholly accounted for by a greater number of clomipramine withdrawals due to the poor patient acceptance of clomipramine. The superior tolerability of sertraline and the lower rate of premature treatment withdrawal relative to clomipramine may offer considerable quality of life and compliance benefits in the long-term management of a chronic disorder such as OCD.

P.535 NLRP3 inflammasome regulator NEK7 is associated with obsessive compulsive disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S377
Author(s):  
M. Tetik Oktay ◽  
B. Onder ◽  
C. Aykac ◽  
B. Ekinci ◽  
T. Yaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Disrupted Asymmetry of Inter- and Intra-Hemispheric Functional Connectivity at Rest in Medication-Free Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuicui Jia ◽  
Yangpan Ou ◽  
Yunhui Chen ◽  
Jidong Ma ◽  
Chuang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Disrupted functional asymmetry of cerebral hemispheres may be altered in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, little is known about whether anomalous brain asymmetries originate from inter- and/or intra-hemispheric functional connectivity (FC) at rest in OCD. In this study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was applied to 40 medication-free patients with OCD and 38 gender-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs). Data were analyzed using the parameter of asymmetry (PAS) and support vector machine methods. Patients with OCD showed significantly increased PAS in the left posterior cingulate cortex, left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus, and right inferior occipital gyrus and decreased PAS in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC), left inferior parietal lobule, and left cerebellum Crus I. A negative correlation was found between decreased PAS in the left DLPFC and Yale–Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale compulsive behavior scores in the patients. Furthermore, decreased PAS in the bilateral MCC could be used to distinguish OCD from HCs with a sensitivity of 87.50%, an accuracy of 88.46%, and a specificity of 89.47%. These results highlighted the contribution of disrupted asymmetry of intra-hemispheric FC within and outside the cortico-striato-thalamocortical circuits at rest in the pathophysiology of OCD, and reduced intra-hemispheric FC in the bilateral MCC may serve as a potential biomarker to classify individuals with OCD from HCs.

scholarly journals Decreased Nucleus Accumbens Connectivity at Rest in Medication-Free Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yunhui Chen ◽  
Yangpan Ou ◽  
Dan Lv ◽  
Jidong Ma ◽  
Chuang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reward Circuit

Background. Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) experience deficiencies in reward processing. The investigation of the reward circuit and its essential connectivity may further clarify the pathogenesis of OCD. Methods. The current research was designed to analyze the nucleus accumbens (NAc) functional connectivity at rest in medicine-free patients with OCD. Forty medication-free patients and 38 gender-, education-, and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Seed-based functional connectivity (FC) was used to analyze the data. LIBSVM (library for support vector machines) was designed to identify whether altered FC could be applied to differentiate OCD. Results. Patients with OCD showed remarkably decreased FC values between the left NAc and the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and between the right NAc and the left OFC at rest in the reward circuit. Moreover, decreased left NAc-bilateral MPFC connectivity can be deemed as a potential biomarker to differentiate OCD from HCs with a sensitivity of 80.00% and a specificity of 76.32%. Conclusion. The current results emphasize the importance of the reward circuit in the pathogenesis of OCD.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Cognitive Fusion, Experiential Avoidance, and Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms in Patients With Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Xiong ◽  
Xiong Lai ◽  
Siliang Wu ◽  
Xin Yuan ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Acceptance And Action Questionnaire

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship among cognitive fusion, experiential avoidance, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods: A total of 118 outpatient and inpatient patients with OCD and 109 healthy participants, gender- and age-matched, were selected using cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ), acceptance and action questionnaire−2nd edition (AAQ-II), Yale–Brown scale for obsessive–compulsive symptoms, Hamilton anxiety scale, and Hamilton depression scale for questionnaire testing and data analysis.Results: The levels of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance in the OCD group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P &lt; 0.05). Regression analysis results showed that, in predicting the total score of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, AAQ-II (β = 0.233, P &lt; 0.05) and CFQ (β = 0.262, P &lt; 0.01) entered the equation, which explained 17.1% variance. In predicting anxiety, only AAQ-II (β = 0.222, P &lt; 0.05) entered the equation, which explained 13% variance. In the prediction of depression, AAQ-II (β = 0.412, P &lt; 0.001) entered the equation, which explained 17.7% variance.Conclusion: Cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance may be important factors for the maintenance of OCD, and experiential avoidance can positively predict the anxiety and depression of OCD patients.

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