scholarly journals An approach for long-term, multi-probe Neuropixels recordings in unrestrained rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zhihao Luo ◽  
Adrian G. Bondy ◽  
Diksha Gupta ◽  
Verity A. Elliott ◽  
Charles D. Kopec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Neural Recordings ◽  
Chronic Recording ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
High Yields

AbstractThe use of Neuropixels probes for chronic neural recordings is in its infancy and initial studies leave questions about long-term stability and probe reusability unaddressed. Here we demonstrate a new approach for chronic Neuropixels recordings over a period of months in freely moving rats. Our approach allows multiple probes per rat and multiple cycles of probe reuse. We found that hundreds of units could be recorded for multiple months, but that yields depended systematically on anatomical position. Explanted probes displayed a small increase in noise compared to unimplanted probes, but this was insufficient to impair future single-unit recordings. We conclude that cost-effective, multi-region, and multi-probe Neuropixels recordings can be carried out with high yields over multiple months in rats or other similarly sized animals. Our methods and observations may facilitate the standardization of chronic recording from Neuropixels probes in freely moving animals.

scholarly journals An approach for long-term, multi-probe Neuropixels recordings in unrestrained rats

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zhihao Luo ◽  
Adrian Gopnik Bondy ◽  
Diksha Gupta ◽  
Verity Alexander Elliott ◽  
Charles D Kopec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Neural Recordings ◽  
Chronic Recording ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
High Yields

The use of Neuropixels probes for chronic neural recordings is in its infancy and initial studies leave questions about long-term stability and probe reusability unaddressed. Here, we demonstrate a new approach for chronic Neuropixels recordings over a period of months in freely moving rats. Our approach allows multiple probes per rat and multiple cycles of probe reuse. We found that hundreds of units could be recorded for multiple months, but that yields depended systematically on anatomical position. Explanted probes displayed a small increase in noise compared to unimplanted probes, but this was insufficient to impair future single-unit recordings. We conclude that cost-effective, multi-region, and multi-probe Neuropixels recordings can be carried out with high yields over multiple months in rats or other similarly sized animals. Our methods and observations may facilitate the standardization of chronic recording from Neuropixels probes in freely moving animals.

scholarly journals Optomechanics based soft artificial skin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Chandra Roy ◽  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Shreyas B S ◽  
Ananya Gupta ◽  
Aloke Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Artificial Skin ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Extreme Sensitivity ◽  
Consistent Performance

Abstract Soft artificial skin capable of sensing touch, pressure and bending similar to soft human skin is important in many modern-day applications including socially interactive robotics, modern healthcare, augmented reality, etc. However, most of the research effort on soft artificial skin are confined to the lab-scale demonstration. We have demonstrated how a fundamental understanding of the contact mechanics of soft material and a specially constructed soft optical waveguide let us develop a highly efficient, resilient, and large-area soft artificial skin for futuristic applications. The soft artificial skin capable of detect touch, load and bending shows extreme sensitivity (up to \({150 \text{k}\text{P}\text{a}}^{-1}\)) to touch, and load, which is 750 times higher than earlier work. The soft-a-skin shows excellent long-term stability i.e. it shows consistent performance up to almost a year. In addition, we describe a 3D printing process capable of producing large areas, large numbers yet cost-effective soft artificial skin. We have shown the functioning of the soft-a-skin in various means.

Intramolecular force-compensated hydrogel-based sensors with reduced response times

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Binder ◽  
Gerald Gerlach
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Continuous Sensor ◽  
Successful Reduction ◽  
Force Compensation ◽  
Hysteresis Behaviour

AbstractThe method of intramolecular force compensation forms a new approach for reducing the response time of hydrogel-based chemical sensors and improving their long-term stability. The principle is based on a single bisensitive hydrogel, that fulfills both the function of a sensor and an actuator. This paper presents the measuring principle, the required bisensitive hydrogel and a sensor setup. The results show the desired bisensitivity of the sensor to the temperature and ion concentration as well as the successful reduction of the response time by more than 50 % compared to the conventional deflection method. The continuous sensor operation with the application of varying measuring solvents indicates a negligibly low hysteresis behaviour.

One-Step Surgical Correction of Transverse and Anteroposterior Maxillary Deficiencies Using Wire Fixation. A New Approach and Long-Term Stability

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1498-1513
Author(s):  
Max Domingues Pereira ◽  
Vivian Farfel ◽  
Gabriela Pereira Ribeiro Prado ◽  
Lydia Masako Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Correction ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Wire Fixation ◽  
One Step

An instantly usable paper-based screen-printed solid-state KCl/Ag/AgCl reference electrode with long-term stability

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (19) ◽  
pp. 6481-6484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Shitanda ◽  
Masato Komoda ◽  
Yoshinao Hoshi ◽  
Masayuki Itagaki
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Screen Printed

An instantly usable screen-printed paper-based Ag/AgCl electrode was fabricated for use as a cost-effective disposable reference electrode.

scholarly journals Multi-Odor Discrimination by Rat Sniffing for Potential Monitoring of Lung Cancer and Diabetes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3696
Author(s):  
Yunkwang Oh ◽  
Ohseok Kwon ◽  
Sun-Seek Min ◽  
Yong-Beom Shin ◽  
Min-Kyu Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Criterion ◽  
Odor Discrimination ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Behavior Response ◽  
Odor Monitoring ◽  
Sensing Performance

The discrimination learning of multiple odors, in which multi-odor can be associated with different responses, is important for responding quickly and accurately to changes in the external environment. However, very few studies have been done on multi-odor discrimination by animal sniffing. Herein, we report a novel multi-odor discrimination system by detection rats based on the combination of 2-Choice and Go/No-Go (GNG) tasks into a single paradigm, in which the Go response of GNG was replaced by 2-Choice, for detection of toluene and acetone, which are odor indicators of lung cancer and diabetes, respectively. Three of six trained rats reached performance criterion, in 12 consecutive successful tests within a given set or over 12 sets with a success rate of over 90%. Through a total of 1300 tests, the trained animals (N = 3) showed multi-odor sensing performance with 88% accuracy, 87% sensitivity and 90% specificity. In addition, a dependence of behavior response time on odor concentrations under given concentration conditions was observed, suggesting that the system could be used for quantitative measurements. Furthermore, the animals’ multi-odor sensing performance has lasted for 45 days, indicating long-term stability of the learned multi-odor discrimination. These findings demonstrate that multi-odor discrimination can be achieved by rat sniffing, potentially providing insight into the rapid, accurate and cost-effective multi-odor monitoring in the lung cancer and diabetes.

scholarly journals Functional Polyselenoureas for Selective Gold Recovery Prepared from Catalyst-Free Multicomponent Polymerizations of Elemental Selenium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuying Wu ◽  
Hua Lin ◽  
Fengying Dai ◽  
Rongrong Hu ◽  
Ben Zhong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Aromatic Diamines ◽  
Polymer Complexes ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
High Yields

Selenium-containing polymers with fascinating functionalities are highly desired but are rarely developed due to their underexplored synthetic methods. Herein, through careful design of monomer structures and polymerization conditions, a series of catalyst-free multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) of elemental selenium with aliphatic/aromatic diamines and diisocyanides were reported to directly convert elemental selenium to polyselenoureas with long-term stability, good solubility, well-characterized structures, and unique functionalities. The MCPs enjoy wide monomer scope and fast conversion in 1 min, delivering 18 polyselenoureas with high molecular weights (Mws up to 94 600 g/mol) in high yields (up to 99%). Furthermore, the polyselenoureas can be used for the extraction of Au3+ from mixed metal ion solutions in practical conditions with high selectivity, sensitivity (< 1 μg/L), efficiency (> 99.99%), and capacity (up to 665.60 mg·Au3+/g) within 1 min, and elemental gold can be further recovered after pyrolysis of the polymer complexes.

scholarly journals MODELLING AND PREDICTION OF PRECIPITATION AND SOIL MOVEMENT BASED ON ADINSAR

2020 ◽  
Vol V-3-2020 ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
C. H. Yang ◽  
A. Müterthies
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Soil Movement ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Abstract. Evaluating soil movement related to precipitation is needed for geologic and hydrologic applications. In principle, the soil body swells and shrinks depending on soil type, precipitation rate, moisture content, and drainage rate. The precipitations are normally measured at weather stations. Measuring the soil movement by using ground-based sensors and hydrologic models across a large area is costly and time-consuming. Also the weather observations were not fully involved in modelling. A long-term monitoring using remote sensing is a cost-effective alternative. For this purpose, we developed a new approach in this study to model the transformation between precipitation and soil movement. The time-series soil movement over a large area is evaluated by ADInSAR at mm/yr level. As a result, the predictive model can compute the precipitation at a location from its ADInSAR-derived movement, and vice versa. Our test using Sentinel-1 images shows that the prediction accuracy for precipitation is 14 mm (mean error rate 12%) and it amounts 12 mm/yr for soil movement. The accuracies indicate that our modelling is relevant to the reality. We also discuss the influences of different parameters on the modelling. In the future, we will proceed with tests considering other areas of interest, time spans, and image sources. More target points will be analysed in detail. Last but not least, we will work on the applications related to geology and hydrology.

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