scholarly journals Modulation of premotor cortex response to sequence motor learning during escitalopram-intake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eoin N Molloy ◽  
Karsten Mueller ◽  
Nathalie Beinhoelzl ◽  
Maria Bloechl ◽  
Fabian Piecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Negative Findings

The contribution of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to motor learning by inducing motor cortical plasticity remains controversial given diverse findings from positive preclinical data to negative findings in recent clinical trials. To empirically address this translational disparity, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a double-blind, randomized controlled study to assess whether 20 mg escitalopram improves sequence-specific motor performance and modulates cortical motor response in 64 healthy female participants. We found decreased left premotor cortex responses during sequence-specific learning performance comparing single dose and steady escitalopram state. Escitalopram plasma-levels negatively correlated with the premotor cortex response. We did not find evidence in support of improved motor performance after a week of escitalopram-intake. These findings do not support the conclusion that one-week escitalopram intake increases motor performance but could reflect early adaptive plasticity with improved neural processing underlying similar task performance when steady peripheral escitalopram levels are reached.

scholarly journals Modulation of premotor cortex response to sequence motor learning during escitalopram intake

2020 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2096516
Author(s):  
Eóin N Molloy ◽  
Karsten Mueller ◽  
Nathalie Beinhölzl ◽  
Maria Blöchl ◽  
Fabian A Piecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Negative Findings

The contribution of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to motor learning by inducing motor cortical plasticity remains controversial given diverse findings from positive preclinical data to negative findings in recent clinical trials. To empirically address this translational disparity, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging in a double-blind, randomized controlled study to assess whether 20 mg escitalopram improves sequence-specific motor performance and modulates cortical motor response in 64 healthy female participants. We found decreased left premotor cortex responses during sequence-specific learning performance comparing single dose and steady escitalopram state. Escitalopram plasma levels negatively correlated with the premotor cortex response. We did not find evidence in support of improved motor performance after a week of escitalopram intake. These findings do not support the conclusion that one week escitalopram intake increases motor performance but could reflect early adaptive plasticity with improved neural processing underlying similar task performance when steady peripheral escitalopram levels are reached.

scholarly journals Effects of Multiple Sessions of Cathodal Priming and Anodal HD-tDCS on Visuo Motor Task Plateau Learning and Retention

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Besson ◽  
Makii Muthalib ◽  
Christophe De Vassoigne ◽  
Jonh Rothwell ◽  
Stephane Perrey
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Baseline Training ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Speed Accuracy

A single session of priming cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) prior to anodal tDCS (c-a-tDCS) allows cumulative effects on motor learning and retention. However, the impact of multiple sessions of c-a-tDCS priming on learning and retention remains unclear. Here, we tested whether multiple sessions of c-a-tDCS (over 3 consecutive days) applied over the left sensorimotor cortex can further enhance motor learning and retention of an already learned visuo-motor task as compared to anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) or sham. In a between group and randomized double-blind sham-controlled study design, 25 participants separated in 3 independent groups underwent 2 days of baseline training without tDCS followed by 3-days of training with both online and offline tDCS, and two retention tests (1 and 14 days later). Each training block consisted of five trials of a 60 s circular-tracing task intersected by 60 s rest, and performance was assessed in terms of speed–accuracy trade-off represented notably by an index of performance (IP). The main findings of this exploratory study were that multiple sessions of c-a-tDCS significantly further enhanced IP above baseline training levels over the 3 training days that were maintained over the 2 retention days, but these learning and retention performance changes were not significantly different from the sham group. Subtle differences in the changes in speed–accuracy trade-off (components of IP) between c-a-tDCS (maintenance of accuracy over increasing speed) and a-tDCS (increasing speed over maintenance of accuracy) provide preliminary insights to a mechanistic modulation of motor performance with priming and polarity of tDCS.

scholarly journals Tolerability and Efficacy of Customized IncobotulinumtoxinA Injections for Essential Tremor: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Mandar Jog ◽  
Jack Lee ◽  
Astrid Scheschonka ◽  
Robert Chen ◽  
Farooq Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Tolerability Profile ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Global Impression Of Change ◽  
Amplitude Versus ◽  
Favorable Tolerability Profile

In this first, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled exploratory trial, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxinA and feasibility of using kinematic tremor assessment to aid in the planning of muscle selection in a multicenter setting. Reproducibility of the planning technology to other clinical sites was explored. In this trial (NCT02207946), patients with upper-limb essential tremor (ET) were randomized 2:1 to a single treatment cycle of incobotulinumtoxinA or placebo. A tremor kinematic analytics investigational device was used to define a customized muscle set for injection, related to the pattern of the wrist, forearm, elbow, and shoulder tremor for each patient, and the incobotulinumtoxinA dose per muscle (total ≤ 200 U). Fahn–Tolosa–Marin (FTM) Part B motor performance score, Global Impression of Change Scale (GICS), and kinematic analysis-based efficacy evaluations were assessed. Thirty patients were randomized (incobotulinumtoxinA, n = 19; placebo, n = 11). FTM motor performance scores showed greater improvement with incobotulinumtoxinA versus placebo at Week 4 (p= 0.003) and Week 8 (p= 0.031). The physician-rated GICS score indicated improvement with incobotulinumtoxinA versus placebo at Week 4 (p < 0.05). IncobotulinumtoxinA also decreased accelerometric hand-tremor amplitude versus placebo from baseline to Week 4 (p= 0.004) and Week 8 (p < 0.001), with persistent tremor reduction up to 24 weeks post-injection. IncobotulinumtoxinA produced a slight and transient reduction of maximal grip strength versus placebo; two patients reported localized finger muscle weakness. Customized incobotulinumtoxinA injections decreased tremor severity and improved hand motor function in patients with upper-limb ET after a single injection cycle, with a favorable tolerability profile. The study showed that tremor kinematic analytics technology could be successfully scaled for use in other clinical sites.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for the Treatment of Hypersensitive Esophagus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Viazis ◽  
Anastasia Keyoglou ◽  
Alexandros K Kanellopoulos ◽  
George Karamanolis ◽  
John Vlachogiannakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

scholarly journals Decreased thalamo-cortico connectivity during an implicit sequence motor learning task and 7 days escitalopram intake

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eóin N. Molloy ◽  
Rachel G. Zsido ◽  
Fabian A. Piecha ◽  
Nathalie Beinhölzl ◽  
Ulrike Scharrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Implicit Sequence Learning ◽  
Learning Condition ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

AbstractEvidence suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) reorganize neural networks via a transient window of neuroplasticity. While previous findings support an effect of SSRIs on intrinsic functional connectivity, little is known regarding the influence of SSRI-administration on connectivity during sequence motor learning. To investigate this, we administered 20 mg escitalopram or placebo for 1-week to 60 healthy female participants undergoing concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging and sequence motor training in a double-blind randomized controlled design. We assessed task-modulated functional connectivity with a psycho-physiological interaction (PPI) analysis in the thalamus, putamen, cerebellum, dorsal premotor, primary motor, supplementary motor, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. Comparing an implicit sequence learning condition to a control learning condition, we observed decreased connectivity between the thalamus and bilateral motor regions after 7 days of escitalopram intake. Additionally, we observed a negative correlation between plasma escitalopram levels and PPI connectivity changes, with higher escitalopram levels being associated with greater thalamo-cortico decreases. Our results suggest that escitalopram enhances network-level processing efficiency during sequence motor learning, despite no changes in behaviour. Future studies in more diverse samples, however, with quantitative imaging of neurochemical markers of excitation and inhibition, are necessary to further assess neural responses to escitalopram.

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