scholarly journals Trophic cooperation promotes bacterial survival of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Camus ◽  
Paul Briaud ◽  
Sylvère Bastien ◽  
Sylvie Elsen ◽  
Anne Doléans-Jordheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Process ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the context of infection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are frequently co-isolated, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Within lungs, the two pathogens exhibit a range of competitive and coexisting interactions. In the present study, we explored the impact of S. aureus on the physiology of P. aeruginosa in the context of coexistence. Transcriptomic analyses showed that S. aureus significantly and specifically affects the expression of numerous genes involved in P. aeruginosa carbon and amino acid metabolism. In particular, 65% of the strains presented considerable overexpression of the genes involved in the acetoin catabolic (aco) pathway. We demonstrated that acetoin is (i) produced by clinical S. aureus strains, (ii) detected in sputa from CF patients, and (iii) involved in P. aeruginosa’s aco system induction. Furthermore, acetoin is catabolized by P. aeruginosa, a metabolic process that improves the survival of both pathogens by providing a new carbon source for P. aeruginosa and avoiding the toxic accumulation of acetoin on S. aureus. Due to its beneficial effects on both bacteria, acetoin catabolism could testify to the establishment of trophic cooperation between S. aureus and P. aeruginosa in the CF lung environment, thus promoting their persistence.

scholarly journals Impact of Classical Strain Improvement of Penicillium rubens on Amino Acid Metabolism during β-Lactam Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wu ◽  
Ciprian G. Crismaru ◽  
Oleksandr Salo ◽  
Roel A. L. Bovenberg ◽  
Arnold J. M. Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Tryptophan Synthase ◽  
Cysteine Biosynthesis ◽  
Penicillin Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Classical Strain ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT To produce high levels of β-lactams, the filamentous fungus Penicillium rubens (previously named Penicillium chrysogenum) has been subjected to an extensive classical strain improvement (CSI) program during the last few decades. This has led to the accumulation of many mutations that were spread over the genome. Detailed analysis reveals that several mutations targeted genes that encode enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism, in particular biosynthesis of l-cysteine, one of the amino acids used for β-lactam production. To examine the impact of the mutations on enzyme function, the respective genes with and without the mutations were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and enzymatically analyzed. Mutations severely impaired the activities of a threonine and serine deaminase, and this inactivates metabolic pathways that compete for l-cysteine biosynthesis. Tryptophan synthase, which converts l-serine into l-tryptophan, was inactivated by a mutation, whereas a mutation in 5-aminolevulinate synthase, which utilizes glycine, was without an effect. Importantly, CSI caused increased expression levels of a set of genes directly involved in cysteine biosynthesis. These results suggest that CSI has resulted in improved cysteine biosynthesis by the inactivation of the enzymatic conversions that directly compete for resources with the cysteine biosynthetic pathway, consistent with the notion that cysteine is a key component during penicillin production. IMPORTANCE Penicillium rubens is an important industrial producer of β-lactam antibiotics. High levels of penicillin production were enforced through extensive mutagenesis during a classical strain improvement (CSI) program over 70 years. Several mutations targeted amino acid metabolism and resulted in enhanced l-cysteine biosynthesis. This work provides a molecular explanation for the interrelation between secondary metabolite production and amino acid metabolism and how classical strain improvement has resulted in improved production strains.

scholarly journals Creatine Synthesis Is a Major Metabolic Process in Neonatal Piglets and Has Important Implications for Amino Acid Metabolism and Methyl Balance

2009 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 1292-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Brosnan ◽  
Enoka P. Wijekoon ◽  
Lori Warford-Woolgar ◽  
Nathalie L. Trottier ◽  
Margaret E. Brosnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Process ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

scholarly journals Iron-Mediated Control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Staphylococcus aureus Interactions in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (14) ◽  
pp. 2250-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Barnabie ◽  
Marvin Whiteley
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Lung ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host Environment ◽  
Bacterial Interactions

Communication is an important factor for bacterial survival, growth, and persistence. Much work has examined both inter- and intraspecies interactions and their effects on virulence. Now, researchers have begun to explore the ways in which host-modulated factors can impact bacterial interactions and subsequently affect patient outcomes. In this issue, two papers discuss how the host environment alters interactions between the pathogensPseudomonas aeruginosaandStaphylococcus aureus, largely in the context of cystic fibrosis.

scholarly journals Microarray analysis of the genomic effect of eugenol on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Ayuba Buru ◽  
Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika ◽  
Kavitha Mohandas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Dna Microarray System

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a highly adaptive human pathogen responsible for serious hospital and community acquired infectious diseases ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to complicated and life - threatening conditions such as endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The rapid resistance of this organism to available antibiotics over the last few decades has necessitated a constant search for more efficacious antibacterial agents. Eugenol [4- Allyl-2-methoxyphenol] belongs to the class of chemical compounds called phenylpropanoids. It is a pure to pale yellow oily liquid substance mostly extracted as an essential oil from natural products such as clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, basil and bay leaf. Eugenol has previously been shown to have antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, the mechanism of S. aureus has not, as yet, been elucidated – hence, the expediency of this study.Results: Global gene expression outlines in response to sub - inhibitory concentrations of eugenol were analysed using the agilent DNA microarray system to identify gene targets, most importantly essential genes involved in unique metabolic pathways. Transcriptomic analysis of fluctuating genes revealed those involved in Amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, translation and ribosomal pathways. In Amino acid metabolism for instance, the argC gene encodes for N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase. The argC gene plays an important role in the biosynthesis of arginine from glutamate in the amino acid metabolic pathway. It is the enzyme that catalyses the third step in the latter reaction and without this process, the production of N-acetylglutamate 5-semialdehyde will not be complete from the NADP-dependent reduction of N-acetyl-5-glutamyl phosphate, which is essential for the survival of some microorganisms and plants. Conclusion: This study has enabled us to examine complete global transcriptomal responses in MRSA against eugenol. It has revealed novel information with the potential to further benefit the exploratory quest for novel targets against this pathogen, in view to the development of efficacious antimicrobial agents for the treatment of associated infections.

scholarly journals Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism in Pregnancy: The Impact of Methionine in the Maternal Diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 1701S-1705S ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Rees ◽  
Fiona A. Wilson ◽  
Christopher A. Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy
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