scholarly journals Caloric restriction increases levels of taurine in the intestine and stimulates taurine uptake by conjugation to glutathione

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Gregor ◽  
Marc Pignitter ◽  
Christine Fahrngruber ◽  
Sebastian Bayer ◽  
Veronika Somoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Taurine Transporter ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Taurine Uptake ◽  
Conjugated Bile Acids

AbstractOur previous study indicated increased levels of taurine-conjugated bile acids in the intestine content of caloric restriction (CR) mice. In the current project, we found increased levels of free taurine and taurine conjugates, including glutathione (GSH)-taurine, in CR compared to ad libitum fed animals in the mucosa along the intestine while there was no impact on taurine and its conjugates in the liver. The levels of free GSH were decreased in the intestine of CR compared to ad libitum fed mice. However, the levels of oxidized GSH were not affected and were complemented by the lack of changes in the antioxidative parameters. Glutathione-S transferases (GST) enzymatic activity was increased as was the expression of GST genes along the GI tract of CR mice. In CR intestine addition of GSH to taurine solution enhanced taurine uptake. Accordingly, the expression of taurine transporter (TauT) was increased in the ileum of CR mice.

Production of free bile acids by bacterial deconjugation from conjugated bile acids derived from peptone in a medium.

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1047
Author(s):  
Masami MOROTOMI ◽  
Yukiko SAKAITANI ◽  
Mikiko SATOU ◽  
Takuya TAKAHASHI ◽  
Takashi MAKINO
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Free Bile Acids ◽  
Conjugated Bile Acids

scholarly journals Caloric restriction increases levels of taurine in the intestine and stimulates taurine uptake by conjugation to glutathione

2021 ◽  
pp. 108781
Author(s):  
András Gregor ◽  
Marc Pignitter ◽  
Christine Fahrngruber ◽  
Sebastian Bayer ◽  
Veronika Somoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Taurine Uptake

scholarly journals Caloric Restriction Prevents Metabolic Dysfunction and the Changes in Hypothalamic Neuropeptides Associated with Obesity Independently of Dietary Fat Content in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2128
Author(s):  
Marina Martín ◽  
Amaia Rodríguez ◽  
Javier Gómez-Ambrosi ◽  
Beatriz Ramírez ◽  
Sara Becerril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Food Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Hypothalamic Neuropeptides ◽  
Ad Libitum

Energy restriction is a first therapy in the treatment of obesity, but the underlying biological mechanisms have not been completely clarified. We analyzed the effects of restriction of high-fat diet (HFD) on weight loss, circulating gut hormone levels and expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides. Ten-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly distributed into four groups: two fed ad libitum a normal diet (ND) (N group) or a HFD (H group) and two subjected to a 25% caloric restriction of ND (NR group) or HFD (HR group) for 9 weeks. A 25% restriction of HFD over 9 weeks leads to a 36% weight loss with regard to the group fed HFD ad libitum accompanied by normal values in adiposity index and food efficiency ratio (FER). This restriction also carried the normalization of NPY, AgRP and POMC hypothalamic mRNA expression, without changes in CART. Caloric restriction did not succeed in improving glucose homeostasis but reduced HFD-induced hyperinsulinemia. In conclusion, 25% restriction of HFD reduced adiposity and improved metabolism in experimental obesity, without changes in glycemia. Restriction of the HFD triggered the normalization of hypothalamic NPY, AgRP and POMC expression, as well as ghrelin and leptin levels.

scholarly journals Proton magnetic resonance assay of total and taurine-conjugated bile acids in bile

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1920-1924
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ishikawa ◽  
Toshiaki Nakashima ◽  
Koji Inaba ◽  
Hironori Mitsuyoshi ◽  
Yoshiki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Conjugated Bile Acids

scholarly journals Metabolic, gastrointestinal, and CNS neuropeptide effects of brain leptin administration in the rat

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. R1425-R1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertjan van Dijk ◽  
Randy J. Seeley ◽  
Todd E. Thiele ◽  
Mark I. Friedman ◽  
Hong Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acids ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ad Libitum

To investigate whether brain leptin involves neuropeptidergic pathways influencing ingestion, metabolism, and gastrointestinal functioning, leptin (3.5 μg) was infused daily into the third cerebral ventricular of rats for 3 days. To distinguish between direct leptin effects and those secondary to leptin-induced anorexia, we studied vehicle-infused rats with food available ad libitum and those that were pair-fed to leptin-treated animals. Although body weight was comparably reduced (−8%) and plasma glycerol was comparably increased (142 and 17%, respectively) in leptin-treated and pair-fed animals relative to controls, increases in plasma fatty acids and ketones were only detected (132 and 234%, respectively) in pair-fed rats. Resting energy expenditure (−15%) and gastrointestinal fill (−50%) were reduced by pair-feeding relative to the ad libitum group, but they were not reduced by leptin treatment. Relative to controls, leptin increased hypothalamic mRNA for corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH; 61%) and for proopiomelanocortin (POMC; 31%) but did not reduce mRNA for neuropeptide Y. These results suggest that CNS leptin prevents metabolic/gastrointestinal responses to caloric restriction by activating hypothalamic CRH- and POMC-containing pathways and raise the possibility that these peripheral responses to CNS leptin administration contribute to leptin’s anorexigenic action.

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