scholarly journals Smoking is associated with significantly increased green autofluorescence intensity and asymmetry of the skin and the fingernails of natural populations, population high-risk of developing stroke, and population of acute ischemic stroke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingchao Zhang ◽  
Yue Tao ◽  
Danhong Wu ◽  
Weihai Ying
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Rapid Monitoring

AbstractTobacco smoking is an important risk factor for numerous diseases. It is critically needed to search for the biomarkers of smoking for non-invasive and rapid monitoring of the pathological changes of smokers’ body. Our current study has indicated that green autofluorescence (AF) of the fingernails and certain locations of the skin is a novel biomarker for smoking: First, for the natural population at age between 20 - 50 years of old, both the green AF intensity and the AF asymmetry of the Index Fingernails and the skin of Dorsal Index Fingers of the smokers were remarkably higher than those of the non-smokers. Second, for the natural population, the population at risk of developing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and the AIS population at age between 50 - 80 years of old, both the AF intensity and the AF asymmetry of the Index Fingernails and the skin of Dorsal Index Fingers of the smokers were also remarkably higher than those of the non-smokers. Third, ROC analyses using the green AF intensity of the Index Fingernails showed that the AUC values were 0.796 to 0.889 for differentiating the smokers and the non-smokers in these three populations. Collectively, our study has indicated that increased green AF intensity of the fingernails and certain locations of the skin is a novel biomarker for smoking. Based on this finding, pathological alterations of smokers’ body may be monitored non-invasively and efficiently, which could be highly valuable for the health management of the large population of tobacco smokers.

Abstract TP208: Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) - An Overlooked Modifiable Risk Factor in Acute Stroke Care

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Shah ◽  
Ashrai Gudlavalleti ◽  
Julius G Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factor ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Introduction: In patients with acute stroke, part of the acute management entails identifying the risk factors; modifiable or non modifiable. Early recognition of these factors is essential for optimizing therapeutic procedures, especially those with a known effective treatment. In this sense, Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) has also been suggested as a modifiable and independent risk factor for stroke as defined by international guidelines and some studies have demonstrated that patients with stroke and particularly Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) have an increased risk of death or new vascular events. Pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in SDB is probably related to worsening of existing cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and hypoxia driven cardiac arrhythmia leading to higher prevalence of ischemic stroke in patients with sleep disordered breathing disease. Despite strong evidence linking SDB to ischemic stroke, evaluation for SDB is rarely performed in patients presenting with an acute ischemic stroke. Hypothesis: Evaluation of SDB is rarely performed in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all patients above the age of 18 who were admitted to the acute stroke service at University Hospital July 2014 to December 2014. Demographic data, etiology of stroke as identified per TOAST criteria, modifiable risk factors, presenting NIHSS and frequency of testing for SDB and their results were collected. The data was consolidated and tabulated by using STATA version 14. Results: Total of 240 patients satisfied our inclusion criteria. Only 24 patients ie 10% of those who satisfied our inclusion criteria received evaluation for SDB. Out of those evaluated, 62.5% ie 15 patients out of 24 patients had findings concerning for significant desaturation. Only 2 providers out of 8 stroke physicians ie 25% tested for SDB in more than 5 patients. Conclusions: Our observations highlight the paucity in evaluation for SDB in acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary care setting. Being a modifiable risk factor, greater emphasis must be placed on evaluation for SDB in patients in patients with acute stroke. Education must be provided to all patients and providers regarding identification of these factors.

Plasma Retinol Binding Protein 4 as a Biomarker for Detecting Progressive Stroke and Prediction of Early Prognosis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqiong Liu ◽  
Jiande Li ◽  
Xiaoming Rong ◽  
Yingmei Wei ◽  
Ying Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Plasma Retinol

Aim and purpose: Progressive stroke (PS) lacks effective treatment measures and leads to serious disability or death. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) could be closely associated with acute ischemic stroke(AIS). We aimed to explore plasma RBP4 as a biomarker for detecting the progression in patients with AIS. Methods: Participants of this retrospective study were 234 patients with AIS within the 48 h onset of disease. The primary endpoint was to ascertain if there was PS through the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), early prognosis was confirmed through the modified Rankin scale score (mRS) at discharge or 14 days after the onset of stroke, and determine the significance of demographic characteristics and clinical data . Results: In this study, 43 of 234 patients demonstrated PS. . The level of plasma RBP4 in patients with progressive stroke was significantly lower (29 mg/L, 22.60－40.38 mg/L) than that without progression (38.70 mg/L, 27.28－46.40 mg/L, P = 0.003). In patients with lower plasma RBP4, he proportion of patients with progression (c2 = 9.63, P = 0.008) and with mRS scores ≥2 (c2 = 6.73, P = 0.035) were significantly higher Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a lower RBP4 level on admission was an independent risk factor for progressive stroke during hospitalization with an OR value of 2.70 (P = 0.03, 95% CI: 1.12－6.52). Conclusion: A low plasma RBP4 level on admission could be an independent risk factor of PS during hospitalization.

Non-contrast head CT alone for thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: analysis of the ANGEL-ACT registry

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017940
Author(s):  
Zeguang Ren ◽  
Gaoting Ma ◽  
Maxim Mokin ◽  
Ashutosh P Jadhav ◽  
Baixue Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Ct Perfusion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Vessel Imaging ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Procedural Outcomes ◽  
Head Computed Tomography

BackgroudThe goal of this study was to determine if the choice of imaging paradigm performed in the emergency department influences the procedural or clinical outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT).MethodsThis is a retrospective comparative outcome study which was conducted from the ANGEL-ACT registry. Comparisons were made between baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing MT with non-contrast head computed tomography (NCHCT) alone versus patients undergoing NCHCT plus non-invasive vessel imaging (NVI) (including CT angiography (with or without CT perfusion) and magnetic resonance angiography). The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 90 days. Secondary outcomes included change in mRS score from baseline to 90 days, the proportions of mRS 0–1, 0–2, and 0–3, and dramatic clinical improvement at 24 hours. The safety outcomes were any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), symptomatic ICH, and mortality within 90 days.ResultsA total of 894 patients met the inclusion criteria; 476 (53%) underwent NCHCT alone and 418 (47%) underwent NCHCT + NVI. In the NCHCT alone group, the door-to-reperfusion time was shorter by 47 min compared with the NCHCT + NVI group (219 vs 266 min, P<0.001). Patients in the NCHCT alone group showed a smaller increase in baseline mRS score at 90 days (median 3 vs 2 points; P=0.004) after adjustment. There were no significant differences between groups in the remaining clinical outcomes.ConclusionsIn patients selected for MT using NCHCT alone versus NCHCT + NVI, there were improved procedural outcomes and smaller increases in baseline mRS scores at 90 days.

Abstract W MP20: Automation and Quantification of the Angiographic Capillary Blush in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke undergoing Endovascular Intervention

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Tarpley ◽  
Fabien Scalzo ◽  
Jeffry R Alger ◽  
Amin Aghaebrahim ◽  
Conrad Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Endovascular Intervention ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Conventional Angiography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Angiography Suite ◽  
Scale Properties

Background: In acute ischemic stroke, non-invasive perfusion imaging can guide the decision to perform endovascular intervention. A subset of these patients who are ineligible for IV TPA or for whom it has failed may benefit by going directly to endovascular intervention without delays imposed by non-invasive imaging. In these patients, an angiographic biomarker of viable brain tissue such as the capillary blush described by the Capillary Index Score (CIS) will be important for decision making in the angiography suite. Indeed, a favorable CIS score is associated with good outcomes when recanalization is achieved. However, any ordinal angiographic scale is observer dependent and limited by scale properties. Methods: Here we used our novel perfusion angiography software (PerfAngio) to extract cerebral blood volume (CBV) maps from conventional angiograms acquired during endovascular intervention at either UPMC or UCLA. Areas of angiographic blush were selected manually from a subset of the angiograms. These blush areas trained a machine learning model to identify features of angiographic blush from CBV maps to produce blush maps. Results: In the figure, we show PerfAngio’s blush map in a patient with acute proximal MCA occlusion prior to endovascular recanalization. At each pixel cool colors represent low likelihood of capillary blush and hotter colors represent higher likelihood of blush. These color maps allow for spatial characterization of the blush and quantifies it as a continuous variable rather than according to an ordinal scale. Conclusions: PerfAngio blush maps allow for automation and quantification of the blush seen during conventional angiography. These maps render data that does not depend on observer interpretation and provide spatial information about the capillary blush that is not captured by the CIS. Since PerfAngio blush maps can be acquired in real time, they are amenable for use in the angiography suite to inform the decision to recanalize or not.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Is an Independent Risk Factor for Acute Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Belani ◽  
J. Schefflein ◽  
S. Kihira ◽  
B. Rigney ◽  
B.N. Delman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Independent Risk Factor

scholarly journals Total time of operation is a risk factor of stroke-associated pneumonia in acute ischemic stroke patients with intra-arterial treatment

Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (29) ◽  
pp. e3958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yaoyang Li ◽  
Yunfei Han ◽  
Minmin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Time Of Operation

Obesity is an independent risk factor for pneumonia in patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. e75
Author(s):  
M. Papagianni ◽  
K. Tziomalos ◽  
S. Kostaki ◽  
S. Angelopoulou ◽  
K. Christou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Independent Risk Factor

scholarly journals Pneumonia hospitalisation and case-fatality rates in older Australians with and without risk factors for pneumococcal disease: implications for vaccine policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dirmesropian ◽  
B. Liu ◽  
J. G. Wood ◽  
C. R. MacIntyre ◽  
P. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) results in substantial numbers of hospitalisations and deaths in older adults. There are known lifestyle and medical risk factors for pneumococcal disease but the magnitude of the additional risk is not well quantified in Australia. We used a large population-based prospective cohort study of older adults in the state of New South Wales (45 and Up Study) linked to cause-specific hospitalisations, disease notifications and death registrations from 2006 to 2015. We estimated the age-specific incidence of CAP hospitalisation (ICD-10 J12-18), invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) notification and presumptive non-invasive pneumococcal CAP hospitalisation (J13 + J18.1, excluding IPD), comparing those with at least one risk factor to those with no risk factors. The hospitalised case-fatality rate (CFR) included deaths in a 30-day window after hospitalisation. Among 266 951 participants followed for 1 850 000 person-years there were 8747 first hospitalisations for CAP, 157 IPD notifications and 305 non-invasive pneumococcal CAP hospitalisations. In persons 65–84 years, 54.7% had at least one identified risk factor, increasing to 57.0% in those ⩾85 years. The incidence of CAP hospitalisation in those ⩾65 years with at least one risk factor was twofold higher than in those without risk factors, 1091/100 000 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1060–1122) compared with 522/100 000 (95% CI 501–545) and IPD in equivalent groups was almost threefold higher (18.40/100 000 (95% CI 14.61–22.87) vs. 6.82/100 000 (95% CI 4.56–9.79)). The CFR increased with age but there were limited difference by risk status, except in those aged 45 to 64 years. Adults ⩾65 years with at least one risk factor have much higher rates of CAP and IPD suggesting that additional risk factor-based vaccination strategies may be cost-effective.

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