scholarly journals Covid-19 automated diagnosis and risk assessment through Metabolomics and Machine-Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeany Delafiori ◽  
Luiz Claudio Navarro ◽  
Rinaldo Focaccia Siciliano ◽  
Gisely Cardoso de Melo ◽  
Estela Natacha Brandt Busanello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Real World Application ◽  
Patient Screening ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Resources Planning

COVID-19 is still placing a heavy health and financial burden worldwide. Impairments in patient screening and risk management play a fundamental role on how governments and authorities are directing resources, planning reopening, as well as sanitary countermeasures, especially in regions where poverty is a major component in the equation. An efficient diagnostic method must be highly accurate, while having a cost-effective profile. We combined a machine learning-based algorithm with instrumental analysis using mass spectrometry to create an expeditious platform that discriminate COVID-19 in plasma samples within minutes, while also providing tools for risk assessment, to assist healthcare professionals in patient management and decision-making. A cohort of 728 patients (369 confirmed COVID-19 and 359 controls) was enrolled from three Brazilian epicentres (Sao Paulo capital, Sao Paulo countryside and Manaus) in the months of April, May, June and July 2020. We were able to elect and identify 21 molecules that are related to the disease's pathophysiology and 26 features to patient's health-related outcomes. With specificity >97% and sensitivity >83% from blinded data, this screening approach is understood as a tool with great potential for real-world application.

scholarly journals Machine Learning for Neonatal Mortality Risk Assessment: A Case Study Using Public Health Data from São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Beluzo ◽  
Luciana Correia Alves ◽  
Rodrigo Bresan ◽  
Natália Arruda ◽  
Ricardo Sovat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Public Health Data ◽  
Tools And Techniques

AbstractInfant mortality is a reflection of a complex combination of biological, socioeconomic and health care factors that require various data sources for a thorough analysis. Consequently, the use of specialized tools and techniques to deal with a large volume of data is extremely helpful. Machine learning has been applied to solve problems from many domains and presents great potential for the proposed problem, which would be an innovation in Brazilian reality. In this paper, an innovative method is proposed to perform a neonatal death risk assessment using computer vision techniques. Using mother, pregnancy care and child at birth features, from a dataset containing neonatal samples from São Paulo city public health data, the proposed method encodes images features and uses a custom convolutional neural network architecture to classification. Experiments show that the method is able to detect death samples with accuracy of 90.61%.

Occurrence of caffeine, fluoxetine, bezafibrate and levothyroxine in surface freshwater of São Paulo State (Brazil) and risk assessment for aquatic life protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Cardoso de Souza ◽  
Aline Andrade Godoy ◽  
Fábio Kummrow ◽  
Thyago Leandro dos Santos ◽  
Carlos Jesus Brandão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

scholarly journals Reabilitação bucal com prótese total imediata: um recurso estético e funcional – relato de caso

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-521
Author(s):  
Daniel Lopes Terra Puça ◽  
Walberton Christian Cassemiro Fernandes ◽  
Francois Isnaldo Dias Caldeira ◽  
Suzane Cristina Pigossi ◽  
Larissa Santana Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

O presente trabalho teve como intuito apresentar um relato de caso que exigiu intervenção cirúrgico-protética para confecção de uma prótese total imediata em uma paciente com periodontite crônica. Paciente do gênero feminino, 40 anos, que se apresentou no plantão da Clínica de Periodontia da Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL, manifestando como queixa principal “os dentes amolecidos”. Após anamnese e exame clínico, foi solicitado o exame radiográfico. Por meio deste, pode-se constatar a presença de periodontite crônica, dentes com extensa destruição coronária por cárie e presença de raízes residuais. Para tanto foi delineado o planejamento desta paciente com o objetivo de reabilitar a saúde bucal, estética e a função através da prótese total imediata. As próteses totais imediatas representam um procedimento clínico necessário, vantajoso e eficaz para pacientes que, inevitavelmente, deixarão de apresentar uma condição dentada ou dentada parcial. Descritores: Cirurgia Bucal; Estética Dentária; Periodontite; Prótese Total Imediata. Referências Chatzopoulos GS, Doufexi AE, Kouvatsi A. Clinical response to non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 polymorphisms. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017;22(4):e446-57. Kaur G, Grover V, Bhaskar N, Kaur RK, Jain A. Periodontal Infectogenomics. Inflamm Regen. 2018;38:8. Gupta A, Felton DA, Jemt T, Koka S. Rehabilitation of Edentulism and Mortality: A Systematic Review. J Prosthodont. 2019; 28(5):526-35.  Alves AC, Cavalcanti RV, Calderon PS, Pernambuco L, Alchieri JC. Quality of life related to complete denture. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2018;31(2):91-96. Kaushik K, Dhawan P, Tandan P, Jain M. Oral Health-related Quality of Life among Patients after Complete Denture Rehabilitation: A 12-month Follow-up Study. Int J Appl Basic Med Res.2018;8(3):169-73. Yamaga E, Sato Y, Soeda H, Minakuchi S. Relationship Between Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Usage Period of Complete Dentures. Int J Prosthodont. 2019;32(4):327-32.  Cardoso RG, Melo LA, Barbosa GA, Calderon PD, Germano AR, Mestriner W Junior, Carreiro AD. Impact of mandibular conventional denture and overdenture on quality of life and masticatory efficiency. Braz Oral Res. 2016;30(1):e102. Cerveira NH. Prótese total imediata: São Paulo: Pancast; 1987. Mense C, Berteretche MV. Impression for an immediate denture with mobile teeth: A clinical approach. J Prosthet Dent. 2019;122(5):498-99.  Bedrossian EA, Putra A, Chung KH. A Technique to Correct Anterior-Posterior Tooth Discrepancy for a Maxillary Immediate Complete Denture. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(6):719-23.  Caputi S, Murmura G, Ricci L, Varvara G, Sinjari B. Immediate denture fabrication: a clinical Ann Stomatol (Roma). 2014;4(3-4):273-77. Fang JH, An X, Jeong SM, Choi BH. Digital immediate denture: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 2018;119(5):698-701.  Turano JC, Turano LM. Fundamentos de prótese total. São Paulo: Santos; 2007 Telles DM. Prótese total: convencional e sobre implantes. São Paulo: Santos; 2009 Machado AL, Giampaolo ET, Vergani CE, Souza JF, Jorge JH. Changes in roughness of denture base and reline materials by chemical disinfection or microwave irradiation: Surface roughness of denture base and reline materials. J Appl Oral Sci. 2011;19(5):521-28. Kanli A, Demirel F, Sezgin Y. Oral candidosis, denture cleanliness and hygiene habits in an elderly population. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2005;17(6):502-7.  Kurtulmus-Yilmaz S, Yilmaz HG, Tumer H, Sadettinoglu K. Clinical evaluation of the Er,Cr:YSGG Laser therapy in the treatment of denture-related traumatic ulcerations: a randomized controlled clinical study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2015;33(4):224-29. Leshem D, Mazor Z, Leshem R, Rosen D. A simple technique for fabrication of immediate interim removable prosthesis supported by transitional implants. Implant Dent. 2003;12(3):227-31.

scholarly journals Machine Learning to predict tuberculosis in cattle from the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L E C Pereira ◽  
A S Ferraudo ◽  
A R Panosso ◽  
A A B Carvalho ◽  
L A Mathias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Test Model ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Farm Type

Abstract Tuberculosis is a well-known and worldwide spread zoonosis. In Brazil 1.594.787 cases were confirmed cases since 2001, where, in Sao Paulo state, 8.226 deaths were reported. This study aims to present steps related to the use of machine learning algorithms for predictive analysis for bovine tuberculosis. For this, an application was made based on data from farms in state of São Paulo, Brazil, of an epidemiological survey, using a specific questionnaire, carried out on farms (n = 1,743). Response variable was presented by apparent prevalence of positive properties for disease, and predictors by (k = 77) predictors related to type of farm, type of lactation, number of animals on property. Application was organized according to following steps: division of data in training (75%) and testing (25%), pre-processing of predictors, learning and model evaluation. In the learning step, algorithm for adjusting gradient boosted trees models was used. The hyperparameters of algorithms were optimized by 10-fold cross-validation, to select those corresponding to best models. Models showed an accuracy of 88.07%, with an error in learning process equal to 3%. In the test / model validation procedure (n = 436), an error in 12% estimate was observed. Five important predictors were daily milk production, number of cows, type of farm, bovine breed and slaughter of adult animals. Proportion of false positives among all individuals whose response of interest was observed was 2.06%, and proportion of false negatives among those with a response of absent interest was 9.86%. It is hoped that, with increase in trained surveillance to detect the disease and availability of data, it will be possible to develop predictive models of machine learning with potential to efficiently assist professionals in disease control and assist in education program in animal health Key messages Predictive analyzes in health: application for tuberculosis in cattle from the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. An infectious disease and zoonosis important to the world that needs support to develop means to control and consequently eradicate it.

scholarly journals Validade e confiabilidade da versão brasileira da Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool para avaliação do risco de quedas

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carmen Martinez ◽  
Viviane Ernesto Iwamoto ◽  
Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre ◽  
Adriana Moreira Noronha Simões ◽  
Ana Paula de Sousa Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Risk Assessment Tool ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a validade e a confiabilidade da escala Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JH-FRAT) para avaliação do risco de quedas em pacientes hospitalizados. Método: Estudo retroativo com 297 pacientes de um hospital privado de São Paulo usando dados de 2014. A validade foi avaliada por meio da acurácia (sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo - VPP e negativo - VPN), da validade de critério, verificando-se as associações entre a classificação do risco pelas escalas JH-FRAT e Morse, e da análise discriminante (comparação dos pacientes com e sem quedas em relação aos itens da escala e verificação de situações prévias de risco em relação ao dano ocorrido). Foram utilizados os testes de associação χ2. A confiabilidade foi avaliada por meio da reprodutibilidade teste-reteste interobservadores, usando as estatísticas Kappa ponderado quadrático e prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted Kappa (PABAK). Resultados: A sensibilidade foi de 97,0%, a especificidade, 14,6%, o VPP, 36,2%, e o VPN, 90,6%. A análise de critério mostrou associação (p < 0,0001) entre as avaliações pelas duas escalas. Cinco dos oito itens da escala e a classificação geral mostraram capacidade de discriminação do risco (p < 0,050). A reprodutibilidade interobservadores variou entre itens (PABAK de 0,25 a 1,00) e foi substancial na classificação do risco global (PABAK = 0,71). Conclusão: A JH-FRAT apresentou validade e confiabilidade esperadas para um instrumento de triagem do risco de quedas, podendo contribuir na aplicação de estratégias para a gestão de quedas em hospitais.

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