scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Impact of Childhood Socioeconomic Status on Immune Function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gassen ◽  
Jordon D. White ◽  
Julia L. Peterman ◽  
Summer Mengelkoch ◽  
Randi P. Proffitt Leyva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe examined relationships between multiple sources of early life stress and adult immune function in humans. Adult participants provided retrospective information about their childhood a) socioeconomic status, b) household unpredictability, and c) exposure to adverse experiences. Participants’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells were then isolated for use in functional assays: a) tumor cell lysis by natural killer cells, and b) phagocytosis of Escherichia coli bioparticles, and c) mitogen-induced leukocyte proliferation and cytokine release. In men, lower childhood socioeconomic status predicted decrements in immunological performance across functional assays, along with greater spontaneous cytokine release from PBMCs. These changes co-occurred with elevations in plasma testosterone levels. Similar effects were not observed for other sources of stress, nor were they found in women (with the exception of spontaneous cytokine release). These findings provide evidence that low childhood socioeconomic status has a lasting negative impact on multiple aspects of immune function, particularly in men.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the impact of childhood socioeconomic status on immune function

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gassen ◽  
Jordon D. White ◽  
Julia L. Peterman ◽  
Summer Mengelkoch ◽  
Randi P. Proffitt Leyva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractEarly life stress increases one’s risk for health problems later in life, and many studies find that these effects are sex-differentiated. Here, we examined relationships between multiple sources of early life stress and adult immune function in humans across several functional assays. Adult participants provided retrospective information about their childhood (a) socioeconomic status, (b) household unpredictability, and (c) exposure to adverse experiences. Participants’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were then isolated for use in functional assays of immune performance: (a) tumor cell lysis by natural killer cells, (b) phagocytosis of Escherichia coli bioparticles, and (c) mitogen-induced leukocyte proliferation and cytokine release. In men, lower childhood socioeconomic status predicted decrements in immunological performance across functional assays, along with greater spontaneous cytokine release from PBMCs. These changes co-occurred with elevations in plasma testosterone levels. Similar effects were not observed for other sources of stress, nor were they found in women (with the exception of spontaneous cytokine release). These findings provide evidence that low childhood socioeconomic status has a lasting negative impact on multiple aspects of immune function, particularly in men.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Impact of Emotional but not Physical Childhood Abuse on Women’s Sleep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Currie ◽  
Erin K. Higa ◽  
Lisa-Marie Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physical Child Abuse ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA recent systematic review highlighted associations between childhood abuse and adult sleep quality, and the need for research focused specifically on women and the role of moderating variables. The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the impact of frequent physical and emotional child abuse on adult sleep among women; and (2) to assess the role that childhood socioeconomic status (SES) could play in moderating these associations. In-person data were collected from women living in a mid-sized city in western Canada in 2019–2020 (N = 185; M age = 40 years). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Physical and emotional abuse experienced often or very often in childhood were assessed using single items (yes or no). Childhood SES was assessed by a single item and dichotomized at the sample median. Linear regression models examined associations between each form of abuse and continuous adult sleep quality score adjusted for covariates. Statistically significant interactions were stratified and examined by child SES group. Frequent physical and emotional childhood abuse were each associated with clinically and statistically significant increases in past-month sleep problem scores among women in adjusted models. This association was moderated by childhood SES for emotional child abuse, but not physical child abuse. Findings suggest that growing up in an upper-middle to upper SES household may buffer the adverse impact of frequent emotional child abuse on later adult sleep, but may not promote resilience in the context of frequent physical child abuse. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Communication Information on the Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Stockpiling Intention

2021 ◽  
pp. 183933492110286
Author(s):  
Marilyn Giroux ◽  
Jooyoung Park ◽  
Jae-Eun Kim ◽  
Yung Kyun Choi ◽  
Jacob C. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Behavior Study ◽  
Direct Explanation ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the role of diverse nudging communication strategies on perceived threat and stockpiling intention. Across three studies, the authors examined the various effects of “nudging” on consumer behavior. Study 1 demonstrates that a commonly used picture has a stronger impact on perceived threat than a less frequently exposed picture regardless of its accuracy. Study 2 shows that the perceived threat of COVID-19, in terms of severe health consequences, is lower when using an indirect (vs. direct) explanation of the virus, as well as when reducing the amount of information about the virus. Study 3 investigates the impact of salient negative information and childhood socioeconomic status (SES). Findings reveal that negative information about deaths associated with the virus increases the level of perceived threat and stockpiling intention, especially among people of low childhood SES.

The Impact of Same versus Different Price Presentation on Travel Choice and the Moderating Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status

2021 ◽  
pp. 004728752098890
Author(s):  
Marilyn Giroux ◽  
Drew Franklin ◽  
Jungkeun Kim ◽  
Jooyoung Park ◽  
Kyuseop Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Price Dispersion ◽  
Price Difference ◽  
Product Evaluations ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
Price Differences ◽  
The Impact

When making travel decisions, consumers are frequently exposed to a multitude of options, including differing price levels for the same product or service across a range of online travel agencies. The current research investigates how the magnitude of price dispersion in online pricing can influence travelers’ product evaluations and purchase intentions. Specifically, we predict that travelers will prefer a hotel with no price dispersion to a hotel with different prices listed when the price difference is small, or narrow. However, when the price difference is more pronounced, or wide, travelers will prefer a hotel with price differences compared to a hotel with no price dispersion. Four experiments demonstrate that this effect is consistent across different contexts and categories. Additionally, based on life history theory, we argue that the relative preference for the same versus different price dispersion will be moderated by the travelers’ childhood socioeconomic status (SES).

Cardiometabolic Risk and Cognitive Decline: The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Childhood and Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuya Oi ◽  
Steven Haas
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Socioeconomic Attainment ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Retirement Study

Socioeconomic conditions in childhood predict cognitive functioning in later life. It is unclear whether poor childhood socioeconomic status (SES) also predicts the acceleration of cognitive decline. One proposed pathway is via cardiometabolic risk, which has been linked to both childhood SES and earlier onset of cognitive impairment. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we examine the impact of childhood SES on cognitive trajectories over six years and test whether it operates through increased cardiometabolic risk and adult SES. We find that higher childhood SES leads to slower cognitive decline, partially due to lower levels of cardiometabolic risk. However, these pathways operate entirely through adult socioeconomic attainment. The results have important implications for future trends in cognitive population health within the context of growing social inequality and reduced social mobility.

Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Leisure Volunteering Constraint: A Structural Equation Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Chun Chang ◽  
Chen-Ling Fang ◽  
Yi-Chang Ling ◽  
Bi-Kun Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Structural Constraint ◽  
The Impact

Our objectives were to examine the model fitness of leisure volunteering constraint and then to discuss the impact of socioeconomic status on leisure volunteering constraint. Intrapersonal, constraint, and structural constraint were used as the 3 dimensions to measure leisure volunteering constraint. A causal model was tested and the impact of socioeconomic status on leisure volunteering constraint was theoretically constructed. Participants were 285 volunteers who belonged to community volunteering organizations. Results indicate that socioeconomic status has a negative impact on leisure volunteering constraint.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association between Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Cognitive Function in Later Life

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Growth Curve Models ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. This study was aimed to explore the gender differences in the association between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive function in later life. Methods. Using a nationally representative sample from the Health and Retirement Study, 5,544 females and 3,863 males were analyzed separately. Growth curve models were used to examine memory status and change in memory from 1998 to 2010. Results. The results showed that SES disadvantage in childhood was associated with lower memory at baseline controlling for adult SES and other covariates. In addition, cumulated disadvantage in SES was associated with poor memory in both genders. Statistically, the impact of cumulative SES on memory function at baseline was significantly different by gender. Discussion. These findings suggest that childhood SES has long-term effects on cognitive function among both men and women, and cumulative SES from childhood to adulthood may be more important for men than women with respect to their memory performance.

scholarly journals The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Preference for Sustainable Luxury Brands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungkeun Kim ◽  
Felix Septianto ◽  
Jooyoung Park
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Sustainability has become an increasing concern for many brands and companies and an increasing number of luxury brands now engage in sustainability practices. The present research examines the factors influencing the effectiveness of embedding sustainability in luxury brands. Specifically, this paper investigates how childhood socioeconomic status (SES) moderates consumer preferences for sustainable (vs. regular non-sustainable) luxury brands. Across three experimental studies with different product categories and luxury brands, this paper finds that preferences for regular (vs. sustainable) luxury goods are stronger in people with a relatively high (vs. low) childhood SES (Studies 1-3). Notably, these preference patterns are driven by differences in the perceived quality of the brand among consumers with low versus high childhood SES (Study 2). However, these divergent patterns are attenuated when consumers experience high perceived environmental threat from the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 3). Taken together, these findings provide several theoretical and managerial implications.

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