The Impact of Same versus Different Price Presentation on Travel Choice and the Moderating Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status

2021 ◽  
pp. 004728752098890
Author(s):  
Marilyn Giroux ◽  
Drew Franklin ◽  
Jungkeun Kim ◽  
Jooyoung Park ◽  
Kyuseop Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Price Dispersion ◽  
Price Difference ◽  
Product Evaluations ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
Price Differences ◽  
The Impact

When making travel decisions, consumers are frequently exposed to a multitude of options, including differing price levels for the same product or service across a range of online travel agencies. The current research investigates how the magnitude of price dispersion in online pricing can influence travelers’ product evaluations and purchase intentions. Specifically, we predict that travelers will prefer a hotel with no price dispersion to a hotel with different prices listed when the price difference is small, or narrow. However, when the price difference is more pronounced, or wide, travelers will prefer a hotel with price differences compared to a hotel with no price dispersion. Four experiments demonstrate that this effect is consistent across different contexts and categories. Additionally, based on life history theory, we argue that the relative preference for the same versus different price dispersion will be moderated by the travelers’ childhood socioeconomic status (SES).

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Impact of Emotional but not Physical Childhood Abuse on Women’s Sleep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Currie ◽  
Erin K. Higa ◽  
Lisa-Marie Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physical Child Abuse ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA recent systematic review highlighted associations between childhood abuse and adult sleep quality, and the need for research focused specifically on women and the role of moderating variables. The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the impact of frequent physical and emotional child abuse on adult sleep among women; and (2) to assess the role that childhood socioeconomic status (SES) could play in moderating these associations. In-person data were collected from women living in a mid-sized city in western Canada in 2019–2020 (N = 185; M age = 40 years). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Physical and emotional abuse experienced often or very often in childhood were assessed using single items (yes or no). Childhood SES was assessed by a single item and dichotomized at the sample median. Linear regression models examined associations between each form of abuse and continuous adult sleep quality score adjusted for covariates. Statistically significant interactions were stratified and examined by child SES group. Frequent physical and emotional childhood abuse were each associated with clinically and statistically significant increases in past-month sleep problem scores among women in adjusted models. This association was moderated by childhood SES for emotional child abuse, but not physical child abuse. Findings suggest that growing up in an upper-middle to upper SES household may buffer the adverse impact of frequent emotional child abuse on later adult sleep, but may not promote resilience in the context of frequent physical child abuse. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Communication Information on the Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Stockpiling Intention

2021 ◽  
pp. 183933492110286
Author(s):  
Marilyn Giroux ◽  
Jooyoung Park ◽  
Jae-Eun Kim ◽  
Yung Kyun Choi ◽  
Jacob C. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Behavior Study ◽  
Direct Explanation ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the role of diverse nudging communication strategies on perceived threat and stockpiling intention. Across three studies, the authors examined the various effects of “nudging” on consumer behavior. Study 1 demonstrates that a commonly used picture has a stronger impact on perceived threat than a less frequently exposed picture regardless of its accuracy. Study 2 shows that the perceived threat of COVID-19, in terms of severe health consequences, is lower when using an indirect (vs. direct) explanation of the virus, as well as when reducing the amount of information about the virus. Study 3 investigates the impact of salient negative information and childhood socioeconomic status (SES). Findings reveal that negative information about deaths associated with the virus increases the level of perceived threat and stockpiling intention, especially among people of low childhood SES.

Cardiometabolic Risk and Cognitive Decline: The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Childhood and Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuya Oi ◽  
Steven Haas
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Socioeconomic Attainment ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Retirement Study

Socioeconomic conditions in childhood predict cognitive functioning in later life. It is unclear whether poor childhood socioeconomic status (SES) also predicts the acceleration of cognitive decline. One proposed pathway is via cardiometabolic risk, which has been linked to both childhood SES and earlier onset of cognitive impairment. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we examine the impact of childhood SES on cognitive trajectories over six years and test whether it operates through increased cardiometabolic risk and adult SES. We find that higher childhood SES leads to slower cognitive decline, partially due to lower levels of cardiometabolic risk. However, these pathways operate entirely through adult socioeconomic attainment. The results have important implications for future trends in cognitive population health within the context of growing social inequality and reduced social mobility.

The Supply Network and Price Dispersion in the Canadian Gasoline Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-107
Author(s):  
Brandon Malloy
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Price Dispersion ◽  
Gasoline Prices ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Retail Gasoline ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Equivalent Effect ◽  
Price Differences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper examines the impact of variation in transportation options – what I denote the “supply network” – on observed price differences between locations for a specific good, retail gasoline. I use a unique data set of weekly gasoline prices across 44 Canadian cities to analyze how the existence of variation in the available modes of transportation for gasoline between cities (via pipeline, marine tanker, rail or truck) accounts for observed price differences across locations. I find that the supply network is significant – cities connected by lower cost-per-unit methods like pipelines or seaports exhibit smaller mean- and weekly-price differences than those connected only by road or rail, after controlling for distance, regional effects and market size. A pipeline connection results in a reduction in weekly price dispersion equivalent to a 53% reduction in distance between cities, while a maritime connection has the equivalent effect of a 38% reduction in distance between cities.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association between Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Cognitive Function in Later Life

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Growth Curve Models ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. This study was aimed to explore the gender differences in the association between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive function in later life. Methods. Using a nationally representative sample from the Health and Retirement Study, 5,544 females and 3,863 males were analyzed separately. Growth curve models were used to examine memory status and change in memory from 1998 to 2010. Results. The results showed that SES disadvantage in childhood was associated with lower memory at baseline controlling for adult SES and other covariates. In addition, cumulated disadvantage in SES was associated with poor memory in both genders. Statistically, the impact of cumulative SES on memory function at baseline was significantly different by gender. Discussion. These findings suggest that childhood SES has long-term effects on cognitive function among both men and women, and cumulative SES from childhood to adulthood may be more important for men than women with respect to their memory performance.

Evolutionary Aspects of Scarcity Information with Regard to Travel Options: The Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752097104
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Park ◽  
Jungkeun Kim ◽  
Seongseop (Sam) Kim
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Hotel Room ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Potential Customers

This research used three experimental studies to examine the effect of scarcity information on choosing a hotel room online. The studies also investigated the moderating role of the buyer’s childhood socioeconomic status (SES), using evolutionary perspectives and the life history theory. Our findings revealed that travelers showed a preference for a hotel room option if they were given information that the room was scarce. This preference was stronger for travelers who had low childhood SES and who were low in materialistic traits. The findings of this empirical research add academic value by adopting the roles of heretofore novel concepts, childhood SES and materialism, in understanding the effects of consumer information messaging. The findings also add to the understanding of how context in online websites substantially affects potential travelers’ decision making. Therefore, this research will provide helpful guidance for making online websites more user-friendly and effective in their promotions to potential customers.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the impact of childhood socioeconomic status on immune function

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gassen ◽  
Jordon D. White ◽  
Julia L. Peterman ◽  
Summer Mengelkoch ◽  
Randi P. Proffitt Leyva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractEarly life stress increases one’s risk for health problems later in life, and many studies find that these effects are sex-differentiated. Here, we examined relationships between multiple sources of early life stress and adult immune function in humans across several functional assays. Adult participants provided retrospective information about their childhood (a) socioeconomic status, (b) household unpredictability, and (c) exposure to adverse experiences. Participants’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were then isolated for use in functional assays of immune performance: (a) tumor cell lysis by natural killer cells, (b) phagocytosis of Escherichia coli bioparticles, and (c) mitogen-induced leukocyte proliferation and cytokine release. In men, lower childhood socioeconomic status predicted decrements in immunological performance across functional assays, along with greater spontaneous cytokine release from PBMCs. These changes co-occurred with elevations in plasma testosterone levels. Similar effects were not observed for other sources of stress, nor were they found in women (with the exception of spontaneous cytokine release). These findings provide evidence that low childhood socioeconomic status has a lasting negative impact on multiple aspects of immune function, particularly in men.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Impact of Childhood Socioeconomic Status on Immune Function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gassen ◽  
Jordon D. White ◽  
Julia L. Peterman ◽  
Summer Mengelkoch ◽  
Randi P. Proffitt Leyva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe examined relationships between multiple sources of early life stress and adult immune function in humans. Adult participants provided retrospective information about their childhood a) socioeconomic status, b) household unpredictability, and c) exposure to adverse experiences. Participants’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells were then isolated for use in functional assays: a) tumor cell lysis by natural killer cells, and b) phagocytosis of Escherichia coli bioparticles, and c) mitogen-induced leukocyte proliferation and cytokine release. In men, lower childhood socioeconomic status predicted decrements in immunological performance across functional assays, along with greater spontaneous cytokine release from PBMCs. These changes co-occurred with elevations in plasma testosterone levels. Similar effects were not observed for other sources of stress, nor were they found in women (with the exception of spontaneous cytokine release). These findings provide evidence that low childhood socioeconomic status has a lasting negative impact on multiple aspects of immune function, particularly in men.

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