scholarly journals Secondary transmission of COVID-19 in preschool and school settings after their reopening in northern Italy: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Larosa ◽  
Olivera Djuric ◽  
Mariateresa Cassinadri ◽  
Silvia Cilloni ◽  
Eufemia Bisaccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Positive Case ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Secondary Transmission ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Source Of Infection

AbstractBackgroundSchool closures was one of the main measures undertaken to reduce the number of social contacts during the first wave of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. We aimed to describe the data on secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among students and teachers/personnel after the reopening of preschools and schools in Reggio Emilia, Italy.MethodsThis prospective population-based study included all consecutive cases leading to an investigation in 41 classes of 36 educational institutions (8 infant-toddler centres and preschools, 10 primary and 18 secondary schools) in the period September 1 – October 15, 2020, in Reggio Emilia province, Italy. We report the characteristics of the school, of the index case, including the possible source of infection, the number of contacts (students and teachers/personnel) that were identified and tested and the characteristics of secondary cases.ResultsIn the study period, 994 students and 204 teachers were tested during related investigations due to notification of 43 primary cases (38 among students and 5 among teachers). Of these, 10 students and two teachers created 39 secondary cases, resulting in an attack rate of 3.9%. There were no secondary cases among teachers/stuff. Secondary transmission occurred in one primary school and 8 secondary schools. Except for two students and one teacher, the possible source of infection for all index cases was identified as they had all had previous contact with a positive case; the majority of secondary cases did not report any previous close contact with a positive case. The clusters ranged from one to 22 secondary cases.ConclusionsTransmission at school occurred in a non-negligible number of cases, particularly in secondary schools. Prompt testing and isolation of classmates could probably reduce the risk of transmission in school settings.

scholarly journals Secondary transmission of COVID-19 in preschool and school settings in northern Italy after their reopening in September 2020: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Larosa ◽  
Olivera Djuric ◽  
Mariateresa Cassinadri ◽  
Silvia Cilloni ◽  
Eufemia Bisaccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Secondary Case ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
School Settings

We report epidemiological investigations of transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 41 classes of 36 schools in Reggio Emilia province, northern Italy, from their reopening on 1 September to 15 October 2020. The overall secondary case attack rate was 3.2%, reaching 6.6% in middle and high schools. More timely isolation and testing of classmates could be effective in reducing virus transmission in this setting.

scholarly journals Yearly Trends In The Prevalence of Ocular Traumas And The Effects of Covid-19: A Nationwide Population-Based Study of Korean Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong-Joo Whang ◽  
Jin-woo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Blowout Fracture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Open Globe Injuries

Abstract We identify the yearly trends in the prevalence of various ocular traumas in the Republic of Korea, and the effects of Covid-19. We recorded the yearly numbers of patients diagnosed with hyphema and those who underwent open reduction surgery because of orbital blowout fracture (BOF), primary closure of the cornea or sclera (PCCS), or intraocular foreign body (IOFB) removal. The incidence of closed globe injuries has decreased significantly over the past 10 years, while that of open globe injuries has not. The patients aged ≥ 60 years showed a significant increase in BOF surgery. Regarding the trend in PCCS, while other age groups showed significant decreases, the population aged ≥ 60 years did not. In addition, the population aged ≥ 60 years showed a significant increase in the incidence of IOFB. When the 2020 data were compared with those of 2019, hyphema evidenced the largest decrease (27.02%), especially in those aged < 20 years (54.33%). In terms of both BOF and IOFB, those aged < 20 years showed the largest decreases (28.85% and 47.93% respectively). In the Covid-19 era, ocular trauma fell markedly in those aged < 20 years, perhaps because of school closures and reductions in outdoor activities.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and clinical course of Behçet's disease in the Reggio Emilia area of Northern Italy: A seventeen-year population-based study

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Salvarani ◽  
Nicolò Pipitone ◽  
Maria Grazia Catanoso ◽  
Luca Cimino ◽  
Bruno Tumiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Behcet's Disease

scholarly journals Correction: Determinants of inappropriate setting allocation in the care of patients with type 2 diabetes: A population-based study in Reggio Emilia province

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0221443
Author(s):  
Paola Ballotari ◽  
Francesco Venturelli ◽  
Valeria Manicardi ◽  
Massimo Vicentini ◽  
Francesca Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in educational settings in Northern Italy from September 2020 to April 2021: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Djuric ◽  
Elisabetta Larosa ◽  
Mariateresa Cassinadri ◽  
Silvia Cilloni ◽  
Eufemia Bisaccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Index Case ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Secondary Case ◽  
Secondary Transmission ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Alpha Variant ◽  
Type Of School

Background: We aimed to quantify the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the school setting by type of school, characteristics of the index case and calendar period in the Reggio Emilia province (RE), Italy, from school reopening in September 2020 until the beginning of April 2021. The secondary aim was to estimate the promptness of contact tracing. Methods: A population-based analysis of surveillance data of all COVID-19 cases occurring in RE, Italy, from September 1, 2020, to April 4th, 2021, for which a school contact and/or exposure was suspected. Indicator of the delay in contact tracing was computed as the time elapsed since positivity of the index case and the date on which the swab for classmates was scheduled (or most were scheduled). Results: Overall, 30,426 and 13,571 contacts among classmates and teachers/staff, respectively, were identified and received recommendation for testing; 43,414 (98.7%) performed the test. Secondary transmission occurred in about 40% of the investigated classes, and the overall secondary case attack rate was 4%, slightly higher when the index case was a teacher, but with almost no differences by type of school and stable during the study period. Promptness of contact tracing increased during the study period, reducing the time from index case identification and testing of contacts from 7 to 3 days, as well the ability to identify possible source of infection in the index case (from 42% in September/October, to 22% in November, to 50% in December-April). Conclusions: Despite the spread of the Alpha variant during the study period in RE, the secondary case attack rate remained stable from school reopening in September 2020 until the beginning of April 2021.

scholarly journals Determinants of inappropriate setting allocation in the care of patients with type 2 diabetes: A population-based study in Reggio Emilia province

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e0219965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ballotari ◽  
Francesco Venturelli ◽  
Valeria Manicardi ◽  
Massimo Vicentini ◽  
Francesca Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Associations between measures of social distancing and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity: a nationwide population-based study in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R.A. Vos ◽  
Michiel van Boven ◽  
Gerco den Hartog ◽  
Jantien A. Backer ◽  
Don Klinkenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Age ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Primary School Age

ABSTRACTThis large nationwide population-based seroepidemiological study provides evidence on the effectiveness of physical distancing (>1.5m) and indoor group size reductions on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, young adults seem to play a significant role in viral spread, opposed to children up until the primary school age with whom close contact is permitted.

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