scholarly journals Altered cortical phase- and amplitude-coupling in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Siems ◽  
Johannes Tünnerhoff ◽  
Ulf Ziemann ◽  
Markus Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

AbstractMultiple Sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that can result in cognitive decline and physical disability. However, related functional changes in large-scale brain interactions remain poorly understood and corresponding non-invasive biomarkers are sparse. Here, we measured magnetoencephalography in 17 relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients at an early disease stage (median EDSS = 1.5, range 0 to 3.5) and 17 healthy controls to investigate brain-wide phase- and amplitude-coupling of frequency specific neuronal activity. We developed a new analysis approach that combines dimensionality reduction, bootstrap aggregating and multivariate classification to identify changes of brain-wide coupling in Multiple Sclerosis. We identified systematic and non-redundant changes of both phase- and amplitude-coupling. Changes included both, increased and decreased neuronal coupling in wide-spread, bilateral neuronal networks across a broad range of frequencies. These changes allowed to successfully classify patients and controls with an accuracy of 84%. Furthermore, classification confidence predicted behavioral scores of disease severity. Our results unravel systematic changes of large-scale neuronal coupling in Multiple Sclerosis and suggest non-invasive electrophysiological coupling measures as powerful biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis.

scholarly journals Regulation of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 Expression in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients after Treatment with Fingolimod, IFNβ-1α, Glatiramer Acetate, and Dimethyl Fumarate Drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Afshin Derakhshani ◽  
Zahra Asadzadeh ◽  
Hossein Safarpour ◽  
Patrizia Leone ◽  
Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
The Impact

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterized by inflammation which typically results in significant impairment in most patients. Immune checkpoints act as co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules and play a fundamental role in keeping the equilibrium of the immune system. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), as inhibitory immune checkpoints, participate in terminating the development of numerous autoimmune diseases, including MS. We assessed the CTLA-4 and PD-L1 gene expression in the different cell types of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of MS patients using single-cell RNA-seq data. Additionally, this study outlines how CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expression was altered in the PBMC samples of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared to the healthy group. Finally, it investigates the impact of various MS-related treatments in the CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expression to restrain autoreactive T cells and stop the development of MS autoimmunity.

scholarly journals Assessment of the influence of various risk factors on the severity of psycho-emotional disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
T.A. Odintsova ◽  
O.O. Kopchak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is an insidious disabling, both physically and mentally, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. People with multiple sclerosis, apart from the classic manifestations, can also experience depression and anxiety. The study was aimed to assess peculiarities of influence of socio-demographic, external factors, and characteristics of the disease on depression and anxiety among patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The following article highlights the main risk factors and their ways of influence on the aforementioned disorders, distinguished by the multifactorial analysis. Also, it estimates the frequency of different severity levels of either depression or anxiety depending on the pre-sence of each risk factor.

scholarly journals Fingolimod Regulates BDNF-AS and HOTAIR Expression in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh khani Habibabadi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sahraian ◽  
Mohammad Javan ◽  
Mehrdad Behmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Antisense Rna ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, is expressed by neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, BDNF is responsible for neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Recent studies showed that the Fingolimod, the first oral medicine for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS), induces BDNF expression. Besides, It is well demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a pivotal role in gene regulation. This study is mainly focused on how Fingolimod treatment plays role in BDNF regulation in coordination with lncRNAs. Methods: An in-silico study was performed to predict BDNF-regulatory candidate lncRNAs using online tools. Then, the expression of BDNF-related lncRNAs was analyzed in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) at baseline and after three months of Fingolimod treatment. Results: Based on in silico results, two lncRNAs with potential regulatory functions on the BDNF including, Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) and HOX Transcript Antisense RNA (HOTAIR), and also natural antisense of BDNF were selected. Fingolimod treatment increased the expression of HOTAIR lncRNA; however, the BDNF antisense RNA (BDNF-AS) expression was reduced dramatically. Furthermore, the results indicate a positive correlation between HOTAIR and MALAT1 lncRNAs and BDNF. Also, after Fingolimod treatment, the patients' EDSS scores were declined or remained unchanged, indicating disease hindrance by Fingolimod therapy. Conclusion: Altogether, fingolimod exerts protective roles in RRMS patients probably by the mediation of HOTIAR and BDNF-AS lncRNAs.

scholarly journals lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and THRIL as potential biomarkers of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olfat Gamil Shaker ◽  
Amr Hassan ◽  
Asmaa Mohammed Mohammed ◽  
Shereen Rashad Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders including MS. lincR-Ccr2-5′AS is expressed in the T helper2 (Th2) lineage. TNF-α heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (THRIL) causes the induction of TNF-α and regulates innate immune response and inflammation. We investigated the expression of lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and THRIL in MS to clarify their association with MS risk and the clinical features. Results LincR-Ccr2-5′AS was significantly downregulated in MS patients (fold change = 0.43±0.29, p = 0.03). The expression level was significantly low in patients with motor weakness and optic neuritis, patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≥5.5, and treatment-naïve patients. THRIL was significantly upregulated in MS patients (fold change = 6.18±2, p = 0.02). Its expression was significantly higher in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), patients with motor weakness, patients with EDSS ≤5, and patients who received interferon. Conclusion Our results showed the downregulation of lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and the upregulation of lncRNA THRIL in MS patients. This differential expression of both lncRNAs may have an important role in MS pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Visual Field Changes in Multiple Sclerosis

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D E A Mansour ◽  
A M E Abdelhamid ◽  
S S M Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
International Panel ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Abstract Background multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and the leading cause of disability in young adults. Afferent pregeniculate visual pathways (retina, optic nerves, chiasm, and tracts) are preferential targets of inflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration. Aim of the Work in our study was to find and correlate visual field findings in multiple sclerosis patients with clinical data. Patients and Methods this study included 30 eyes of 17 patients previously diagnosed as multiple sclerosis according to the international panel on diagnosis of MS (McDonald criteria 2001) and its revision by Polman etal 2005. All our cases were from both sexes and of different age group ranging from 18 years old to 51 years old. there were subtypes of MS included in our study which were relapsing remitting (RR), and secondary progressive (SP). All cases were from Ain-shams university hospitals, outpatient clinics. Results this study was conducted in Ain-shams university hospitals out-patient clinics, it included 17 patients previously diagnosed as MS. The age in our study was ranging from 18 to 51 years old with mean age of 33.67± 9.37.Our cases were from both sex with prevelance of female patients. Conclusion these findings illustrate the role of perimetry in detecting both clinically overt & and clinically occult optic nerve involvement in patients with MS. It quantifies the depth of visual field loss, identifies atypical cases of optic neuritis, aids in counseling patients about prognosis.

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