scholarly journals An AAV-ie based Vaccine effectively protects against SARS-CoV-2 and Circulating Variants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeng Zhao ◽  
Fangzhi Tan ◽  
Junzi Ke ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Chao-bo Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Aav Vector ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccines ◽  
Antibody Cocktail

Prophylactic vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been extensively developed globally to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. However, recently emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 limit the vaccine protection effects and successfully escape antibody cocktail treatment. Herein, based on our previously engineered adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector, AAV-ie, and systematic immunogen screening, we developed an AAV-ie-S1 vaccine with thermostability, high efficiency, safety, and single-dose vaccination advantage. Importantly, the AAV-ie-S1 immune sera efficiently neutralize B.1.1.7 and B.1.351, indicating a potential to circumvent the spreading of SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Single-dose mRNA vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2, including P.1 and B.1.1.7 variants: a test-negative design in adults 70 years and older in British Columbia, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta M Skowronski ◽  
Solmaz Setayeshgar ◽  
Macy Zou ◽  
Natalie Prystajecky ◽  
John R Tyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Negative Controls

Introduction: Randomized-controlled trials of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 included relatively few elderly participants. We assess singe-dose mRNA vaccine effectiveness (VE) in adults ≥70-years-old in British Columbia (BC), Canada where the second dose was deferred by up to 16 weeks and where a spring 2021 wave uniquely included co-dominant circulation of B.1.1.7 and P.1 variants of concern (VOC). Methods: Analyses included community-dwelling adults ≥70-years-old with specimen collection between April 4 (epidemiological week 14) and May 1 (week 17). Adjusted VE was estimated by test-negative design through provincial laboratory and immunization data linkage. Cases were RT-PCR test-positive for SARS-CoV-2 and controls were test-negative. Vaccine status was defined by receipt of a single-dose ≥21 days before specimen collection, but a range of intervals was assessed. In variant-specific analyses, test-positive cases were restricted to those genetically-characterized as B.1.1.7, P.1 or non-VOC. Results: VE analyses included 16,993 specimens: 1,226 (7.2%) test-positive cases and 15,767 test-negative controls. Of 1,131 (92%) viruses genetically categorized, 509 (45%), 314 (28%) and 276 (24%) were B.1.1.7, P.1 and non-VOC lineages, respectively. VE was negligible at 14% (95% CI 0-26) during the period 0-13 days post-vaccination but increased from 43% (95% CI 30-53) at 14-20 days to 75% (95% CI 63-83) at 35-41 days post-vaccination. VE at ≥21 days was 65% (95% CI 58-71) overall: 72% (95% CI 58-81), 67% (95% CI 57-75) and 61% (95% CI 45-72) for non-VOC, B.1.1.7 and P.1, respectively. Conclusions: A single dose of mRNA vaccine reduced the risk of SARS-CoV-2 in adults ≥70-years-old by about two-thirds, with protection only minimally reduced against B.1.1.7 and P.1 variants. Substantial single-dose protection in older adults reinforces the option to defer the second dose when vaccine supply is scarce and broader first-dose coverage is needed.

Assessment of effectiveness of Gaviscon® Forte in the treatment of heartburn during pregnancy

2016 ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
M.B. Scherbinina ◽  
◽  
T.V. Lugovskaya ◽  
N.A. Ivanchenko ◽  
G.A. Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
On Demand ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

Heartburn refers to the common dyspeptic manifestations experienced by up to 80% of pregnant women. The objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Gaviscon® Forte in the treatment of heartburn during pregnancy based on clinical data, the opinion study of pregnant women receiving the drug, and physicians provides their curation, as well as exploring the views of gynecologists, which have the practice of conducting such patients. Patients and methods. There were 94 pregnant women (Ј38 weeks of gestation), aged 18 to 34 years, with clinical manifestation of heartburn in the study. Oral Gaviscon® Forte mint suspension (the company «Rekkitt Benckiser Ukraine», UK) was appointed from 10 days to 1 month by 5–10 ml (1–2 tsp) 3 times a day after meals and 4th just before going to bed; or for 1 month by 5–10 ml (1–2 tsp) on demand. For the criteria of effectiveness of the drug have been taken: the time the relief of heartburn after a single reception; clinical dynamics of heartburn and related symptoms; opinion of pregnant women receiving the drug, and physicians provides their curation, opinions of gynecologists (n=258), which have the practice of conducting such patients. The evaluation of safety and tolerability of treatment was carried out by clinical monitoring. Results. The majority of women (54.2%) had the first pregnancy. The appearance of heartburn on trimesters was: I – 11.7%; II – 25.5%; III – 62.8%. Before pregnancy, 63.8% of women had a disease of the digestive system. Heartburn severity was in majority cases between 4 (43.6%) and 3-points (26.6%) by 5-point scale. The duration of heartburn without the use of drugs was an average of 30 minutes. 54.3% of women experienced heartburn at least 1 time per week, and the rest – on a daily basis; 34.4% mentioned nocturnal episodes of heartburn. There were non-cardiac chest pain, 8.5%, dysphagia – 12.8%, the feeling of a lump in the throat – 23.4%, cough – 9.6%, mainly burping air – 60.6%, and hiccups – 43% in conjunction with heartburn. During treatment with Gaviscon® Forte frequency and intensity of heartburn and related symptoms gradually decreased. According to pregnant women after a single dose of the drug the relief of heartburn started in 5±2.6 min; control of GERD symptoms was observed after 11±3.8 days of regular therapy; the effectiveness of the drug was assessed as «good» and «very good» in 85.1% of cases. According to the doctors, they estimated the effectiveness of the drug as «good» and «very good» – in 86.2%. Of surveyed gynecologists, 39.5% used alginates in the treatment of heartburn during pregnancy. They assessed the effectiveness of Gaviscon® Forte as «good» and «very good» in 100% of cases. Conclusions. The findings confirmed the high efficiency Gaviscon® Forte in the treatment of heartburn during pregnancy. The study allows confirming the advisability of administration of the drug for a quick and adequate removal of negative symptoms. Key words: heartburn during pregnancy, alginates, Gaviscon® Forte.

HIGH EFFICIENCY TRANSDUCTION OF THE IFN-CONSENSUS GENE INTO MAMMALIAN CELLS WITH AN AAV VECTOR

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
J. F. Zhang ◽  
C. J. Hu ◽  
Y. P. Geng ◽  
M. W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Aav Vector

A single-dose mRNA vaccine provides a long-term protection for hACE2 transgenic mice from SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingrui Huang ◽  
Kai Ji ◽  
Siyu Tian ◽  
Fengze Wang ◽  
Baoying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Transfer Study

Abstract The rapid expansion of COVID-19 pandemic has made the development of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine a global health and economic priority. Taking advantages of versatility and rapid development, three SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidates has entered clinical trials with a two-dose immunization regimen. However, the waning antibodies response in convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the emergence of human re-infection have raised widespread concern about a short duration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine protection. Here, we developed a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine in lipid-encapsulated form which encoded SARS-CoV-2 RBD, termed as mRNA-RBD. A single immunization of mRNA-RBD elicited both robust neutralizing antibody and cellular response, and conferred a near-complete protection against wild SARS-CoV-2 infection in lungs of hACE2 transgenic mice. Noticeably, high levels of neutralizing antibodies response induced by mRNA-RBD vaccination could maintain for at least 6.5 months and conferred a long-term remarkable protection for hACE2 transgenic mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection in sera transfer study. These data demonstrated that a single dose of mRNA-RBD provided long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge.

scholarly journals Single-dose, virus-vectored vaccine protection against Yersinia pestis challenge: CD4+ cells are required at the time of challenge for optimal protection

Vaccine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (50) ◽  
pp. 6329-6337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anasuya Chattopadhyay ◽  
Steven Park ◽  
Guillaume Delmas ◽  
Rema Suresh ◽  
Svetlana Senina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Vectored Vaccine ◽  
Optimal Protection

scholarly journals A single-dose mRNA vaccine provides a long-term protection for hACE2 transgenic mice from SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingrui Huang ◽  
Kai Ji ◽  
Siyu Tian ◽  
Fengze Wang ◽  
Baoying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Transfer Study

AbstractThe rapid expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic has made the development of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine a global health and economic priority. Taking advantage of versatility and rapid development, three SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidates have entered clinical trials with a two-dose immunization regimen. However, the waning antibody response in convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the emergence of human re-infection have raised widespread concerns about a possible short duration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine protection. Here, we developed a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine in lipid-encapsulated form that encoded the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, termed as mRNA-RBD. A single immunization of mRNA-RBD elicited both robust neutralizing antibody and cellular responses, and conferred a near-complete protection against wild SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs of hACE2 transgenic mice. Noticeably, the high levels of neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice induced by mRNA-RBD vaccination were maintained for at least 6.5 months and conferred a long-term notable protection for hACE2 transgenic mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a sera transfer study. These data demonstrated that a single dose of mRNA-RBD provided long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge.

Microcalorimeters for X-Ray Spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
E. Silver ◽  
C. Hailey ◽  
S. Labov ◽  
N. Madden ◽  
D. Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
Laboratory Plasmas ◽  
Adiabatic Demagnetization ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

The merits of microcalorimetry below 1°K for high resolution spectroscopy has become widely recognized on theoretical grounds. By combining the high efficiency, broadband spectral sensitivity of traditional photoelectric detectors with the high resolution capabilities characteristic of dispersive spectrometers, the microcalorimeter could potentially revolutionize spectroscopic measurements of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. In actuality, however, the performance of prototype instruments has fallen short of theoretical predictions and practical detectors are still unavailable for use as laboratory and space-based instruments. These issues are currently being addressed by the new collaborative initiative between LLNL, LBL, U.C.I., U.C.B., and U.C.D.. Microcalorimeters of various types are being developed and tested at temperatures of 1.4, 0.3, and 0.1°K. These include monolithic devices made from NTD Germanium and composite configurations using sapphire substrates with temperature sensors fabricated from NTD Germanium, evaporative films of Germanium-Gold alloy, or material with superconducting transition edges. A new approache to low noise pulse counting electronics has been developed that allows the ultimate speed of the device to be determined solely by the detector thermal response and geometry. Our laboratory studies of the thermal and resistive properties of these and other candidate materials should enable us to characterize the pulse shape and subsequently predict the ultimate performance. We are building a compact adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for conveniently reaching 0.1°K in the laboratory and for use in future satellite-borne missions. A description of this instrument together with results from our most recent experiments will be presented.

The Response of Testes Cells to Low Level, Single dose Helium Particle Irradiation

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
D.E. Philpott ◽  
W. Sapp ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
J. Stevenson ◽  
S. Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cell ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Particle Irradiation ◽  
Stem Cell Survival ◽  
Irradiation Injury ◽  
Radio Sensitivity

Spermatogonial stem-cell survival after irradiation injury has been studied in rodents by histological counts of surviving cells. Many studies, including previous work from our laboratory, show that the spermatogonial population demonstrates a heterogeneous response to irradiation. The spermatogonia increase in radio-sensitivity as differentiation proceeds through the sequence As - Apr - A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - In - B. The stem (As) cell is the most resistant and the B cell is the most sensitive. The purpose of this work is to investigate the response of spermatogonial cell to low doses (less than 10 0 rads) of helium particle irradiation.

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