scholarly journals Normal mean oral temperature is 98F, not 98.2F or 98.6F

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar ◽  
Kavya Ronanki ◽  
Prasan Kumar Panda ◽  
Mayank Kapoor ◽  
Yogesh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Oral Temperature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean

Background 98.6F is generally accepted as normal body temperature as defined by Wunderlich (1868) and later challenged by Mackowiak (1992) and Protsiv (2020) who concluded as 98.2F based on cross-sectional studies. Hence, the normal body temperature at present needs quantification? Methods A longitudinal study on the healthy population of Northen-India were followed-up over 1-year. Participants were advised for self-monitoring of oral temperature with a standard digital thermometer in either left or right sublingual pocket and record it in the thermometry diary. The study was considered complete if the participant had all the three phases of the study (i.e. non-febrile, febrile, and post-febrile phases) or completed the duration of the study. Results The mean oral temperature of the participants (n=144) during the non-febrile and post-febrile phases (temperature readings=6543) were 98F (SD, 0.61) and 98.01F (SD, 0.60) respectively (P<0.001). The mean oral temperature during post-febrile phase was found to be 0.01F higher than non-febrile phase. With the diurnal variability, the morning (AM), noon (AN), and afternoon (PM) mean temperatures were 97.91, 98.08, and 98.27F (P<0.001) respectively during the non-febrile phase. Similar trends were observed in variability among men and women, and seasons. Conclusions The mean oral temperature is 98F (SD, 0.61). The temperature is as low as 96.9F and as high as 99.1F. The temperature during post-febrile phase was found to be higher than the non-febrile phase temperature like PM over AN & AM, women over men, summer over other seasons in the non-febrile phase, spring over others in the post-febrile phase.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Tramadol-Associated Seizure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 26674.1-26674.5
Author(s):  
Maryam Zaare Nahandi ◽  
◽  
Sayna Abbaszadeh ◽  
Mostafa Mansouri ◽  
Haniyeh Elahifard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Tramadol is a widely prescribed analgesic and due to its opioid-like effects, the potential for abuse of tramadol is noticeable. Besides, the complications of tramadol abuse have become a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the affecting factors on the seizure, as one of the most common complications of tramadol consumption. Methods: A total number of 64 patients from 315 patients who were referred to Sina Hospital, Tabriz, Iran because of tramadol toxicity were included in this 9 months cross-sectional retrospective study. Results: There were 52 males and 12 females in the study. The seizure happened in 53.1% of the subjects and the Mean±SD time between tramadol consumption and seizure was 5.9±7.36 hours. There was no significant association between seizure and sex, age, the dose of tramadol, and previous tramadol consumption history. A significant association was seen between the dose of tramadol and the time of seizure. Conclusion: Seizure that happens due to tramadol overdose is not dependent on sex, age, and previous history of tramadol consumption. As the dose of tramadol is higher, the seizure happens later. More research is needed to understand why the seizure occurs later in higher doses.

Effects of successive carbon monoxide exposures on delayed neuronal death in mice under the maintenance of normal body temperature

1991 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 836-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohisa Ishimaru ◽  
Toshitaka Nabeshima ◽  
Akira Katoh ◽  
Hirotaka Suzuki ◽  
Taneo Fukuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Delayed Neuronal Death ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Normal Body

scholarly journals Distribution of Pediatric Vital Signs in the Emergency Department: A Nationwide Study

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Woori Bae ◽  
Kyunghoon Kim ◽  
Bongjin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Normal Body

To effectively use vital signs as indicators in children, the magnitude of deviation from expected vital sign distribution should be determined. The purpose of this study is to derive age-specific centile charts for the heart rate and respiratory rate of the children who visited the emergency department. This study used the Korea’s National Emergency Department Information System dataset. Patients aged <16 years visiting the emergency department between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 were included. Heart rate and respiratory rate centile charts were derived from the population with normal body temperature (36 to <38 °C). Of 1,901,816 data points retrieved from the database, 1,454,372 sets of heart rates and 1,458,791 sets of respiratory rates were used to derive centile charts. Age-specific centile charts and curves of heart rates and respiratory rates showed a decline in heart rate and respiratory rate from birth to early adolescence. There were substantial discrepancies in the reference ranges of Advanced Paediatric Life Support and Pediatric Advanced Life Support guidelines. Age-based heart rate and respiratory rate centile charts at normal body temperature, derived from children visiting emergency departments, serve as new evidence-based data and can be used in follow-up studies to improve clinical care for children.

scholarly journals The Importance of Changes in Body Temperature in Paediatric Surgery and Anaesthesia

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerida M. Dilworth
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Paediatric Anaesthesia ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Accidental Hypothermia ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
The Subject

An understanding of the maintenance of normal body temperature, and the manner in which surgery, anaesthesia, and related procedures may disturb thermoregulation, is of considerable importance in paediatric anaesthesia. The subject of accidental hypothermia, with particular reference to the newborn infant, is reviewed; and hyperpyrexia is briefly discussed.

Disturbed Appetite Patterns and Nutrient Intake in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wright ◽  
Graham Woodrow ◽  
Siobahn O'Brien ◽  
Neil King ◽  
Louise Dye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Objective Malnutrition is common among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Reduced nutrient intake contributes to this. It has long been assumed that this reflects disturbed appetite. We set out to define the appetite profiles of a group of PD patients using a novel technique. Design Prospective, cross-sectional comparison of PD patients versus controls. Setting Teaching hospital dialysis unit. Patients 39 PD patients and 42 healthy controls. Intervention Visual analog ratings were recorded at hourly intervals to generate daily profiles for hunger and fullness. Summary statistics were generated to compare the groups. Food intake was measured using 3-day dietary records. Main Outcome Measures Hunger and fullness profiles. Derived hunger and fullness scores. Results Controls demonstrated peaks of hunger before mealtimes, with fullness scores peaking after meals. The PD profiles had much reduced premeal hunger peaks. A postmeal reduction in hunger was evident, but the rest of the trace was flat. The PD fullness profile was also flatter than in the controls. Mean scores were similar despite the marked discrepancy in the profiles. The PD group had lower peak hunger and less diurnal variability in their hunger scores. They also demonstrated much less change in fullness rating around mealtimes, while the mean and peak fullness scores were little different. The reported nutrient intake was significantly lower for PD. Conclusion The data suggest that PD patients normalize their mean appetite perception at a lower level of nutrient intake than controls, suggesting that patient-reported appetite may be misleading in clinical practice. There is a loss of the usual daily variation for the PD group, which may contribute to their reduced food intake. The technique described here could be used to assess the impact of interventions upon the abnormal PD appetite profile.

scholarly journals Range for Normal Body Temperature in Hemodialysis Patients and Its Comparison with That of Healthy Individuals

2010 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. c303-c308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Hasan ◽  
Mehreen Adhi ◽  
Syed Faisal Mahmood ◽  
Fatima Noman ◽  
Safia Awan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Normal Body

Hemostasis and Thrombosis in Extreme Temperatures (Hypo- and Hyperthermia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (07) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Levi
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Consumption Coagulopathy ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Prothrombotic State ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Cellular Receptors ◽  
Normal Body

AbstractThe delicate biochemistry of coagulation and anticoagulation is greatly affected by deviations from the optimal temperature required for the interactions between various coagulation enzymes, cellular receptors, and intracellular mechanisms. Hyperthermia will lead to a prothrombotic state and, if sufficiently severe such as in heatstroke, a consumption coagulopathy, which will clinically manifest with the simultaneous appearance of intravascular thrombotic obstruction and an increased bleeding tendency. Hypothermia slows down the coagulation process, but as this seems to be adequately balanced by impairment of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic processes, its clinical effects are modest; however, hypothermia may be modestly linked to a somewhat higher risk of localized thrombosis. Restoration of a normal body temperature in patients affected by hyper- or hypothermia is the cornerstone for the management of associated coagulation derangements.

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