scholarly journals Influence of different anionic charges in lead compounds in the remediation of lead by Eleusine indica (Gaertn)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Ehiarinmwian ◽  
Gloria Omorowa OMOREGIE ◽  
Beckley Ikhajiagbe
Keyword(s):  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Lead Chloride ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Lead Carbonate ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Lead Sulphate ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
High Efficient

The study was carried out to investigate the remediative capacity of Eleusine indica in lead-polluted soil. Soil samples were collected near student hostel (hall 5) in the University of Benin. The soil samples were sun dried to constant weight and was pulverized with wooden roller and sieved with a hand sieve of 2 mm mesh size. The sieved soil was spiked with 0.625 g lead nitrate (PbNO3), lead sulphate (PbSO4), lead carbonate (PbCO3), lead acetetrahydrate (PbC2H6) and lead chloride (PbCl2) separately in three replicate using aqueous standard solutions. Tillers of Eleusine Indica were placed in the metal polluted soil immediately and the experiment was allowed to stay for 15 weeks. The result showed that the uptake efficiency for Eleusine indica in both shoots and roots for lead nitrate was 0.016% and 0.8%, lead sulphate 0.016 % and 0.352 %, lead carbonate 0.064% and 0.496 %, lead acetetrahydrate 0.032 % and 0.688 %, and lead chloride 0.08 % and 0.72 % respectively, indicating that the plant might have sequestered the metal in the soil rather than accumulating it in the leaves. This was evident in the presentation of the metal sequestration factor of over 70 % irrespective of the nature of the metal. Microbial count of soil before and after contamination with lead nitrate was 19000 and 4000 cfu/g indicating a reduction. The study therefore revealed that Eleusine indica is a high efficient plant in sequestering lead in polluted soil.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Bacteria and Fungi from Cassavamill Effluent in Afikpo, Ebonyi State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
N. E. Nwakoby ◽  
J. I. Ezeogo ◽  
M. U. Orji ◽  
C. F. Ejimofor
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Wastes from cassava processing mills are usually discharged uncontrollably into the environment where they cause serious environmental challenges. This research work was undertaken to investigate the effects of cassava mill effluent on the microbiological quality of soils and to determine the effects of the polluted soils on the growth of plants. Fresh cassava mill effluent and unpolluted soil samples were collected and analyzed microbiologically. The soil sample was polluted with the cassava mill effluent and the polluted soil was also subjected to microbiological analyses for 31days. Germination and growth of pumpkin plants were also investigated using soil samples polluted with different concentrations of the cassava mill effluent. The microbial population of the effluent showed presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp, Streptococcus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus spp, and Candida spp. The bacterial count was 1.4x104cfu/ml while the fungal count was 1.1x103cfu/ml. The results of the analyses of the unpolluted soil and the effluent polluted soil samples showed that the effluent had noticeable effects on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the soil. The total microbial count increased from 2.2x105 cfu/g to 4.6x105cfu/g for bacteria and 1.6x104cfu/g to 3.3x105cfu/g for fungi. The polluted soil showed higher diversity of micro-organisms. The isolated organisms were: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp, Streptococcus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus spp, Proteus spp, Enterobacter spp, Aspergillus spp, Candida spp, Penicillium spp, and Rhizopus spp. The polluted soil also, at higher concentrations of the effluent  inhibited the germination of plants. This research revealed that effluents from cassava processing mills have significant effects on the microbiological properties of the surrounding soils and also affected the growth of plants on these soils negatively. It therefore suggested that this effluent should be treated properly before disposal to the environment.

scholarly journals Heavy metal assessment of polluted soil around Hatirjheel Lake of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hashem ◽  
MS Nur-A-Tomal ◽  
MJ Abedin ◽  
SA Bushra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Heavy Metals Accumulation ◽  
Soil Arsenic ◽  
Metals Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Assessment

Heavy metals contamination in soil is a big issue to the environment because of its potential risk to the ecosystem and human health. Industrialization increases the disposal of industrial wastes containing heavy metals. Most industries are located near the bank of rivers or Lakes where industries can dump their effluents without proper treatment. In this study, an investigation was carried out to evaluate the heavy metals of the contaminated soil near HatirjheelLake of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The collected soil samples were air-dried, acid digested and aliquots were analyzed by the atomic absorption spectroscopy for the quantification of heavy metals. The ranges of heavy metals were found in soil: arsenic 2.7–33.3 mg/kg, lead 9.5–74.9 mg/kg, chromium 21.8–43.1 mg/kg, manganese 138.3–222.7 mg/kg and iron 159032.9–246382.8 mg/kg, respectively. Cadmium was below the detection limit. The dominance of heavy metals series in the soil follows: Fe >Mn> Cr >Pb> As > Cd. Heavy metals content in the soil by comparison with the USEPA guidelines show that Pb was non-polluted; Cr and Mn were moderately polluted; As and Fe were heavily polluted in the study area. Heavy metals accumulation in the soil could pose a potential risk to the ecosystem as well as to human health.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(1), 61-66, 2017

Absorptiometric Microdetermination of Total Sulfur in Rubber Products

1956 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 620-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Kress
Keyword(s):  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lead Sulfate ◽  
Chloride Complex ◽  
Lead Chloride ◽  
Excess Lead ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Low Sulfur

Abstract The 1.0 to 2.5 per cent of sulfur normally present in rubber products is oxidized with concentrated nitric acid-bromine reagent, followed by perchloric acid in the presence of excess lead nitrate. Sulfur as lead sulfate is precipitated and washed with acetone. The lead sulfate is dissolved in 50 per cent hydrochloric acid, and absorbance of the lead chloride complex is recorded at 270 mµ. Sulfur is calculated on the basis of the measured lead content of the precipitate. The high sensitivity puts the method in the micro-range. An experienced analyst can analyze 40 to 50 samples a day. Precision and accuracy are comparable to those of the conventional barium sulfate gravimetric method at the low sulfur concentrations normally found in rubber products.

The conversion of lead sulphate to lead carbonate in sodium carbonate media

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gong ◽  
J.E. Dutrizac ◽  
T.T. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Lead Carbonate ◽  
Lead Sulphate

scholarly journals Mycoflora of Crude Oil Polluted Soils of Ukwa West of Abia State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
J. M. Madu ◽  
A. I. Ogbonna ◽  
C. I. C. Ogbonna
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Starch Agar

Aim: Bioremediation of soil play a critical role in removing pollutants from crude oil polluted soil. To investigate the mycoflora of crude oil polluted area of Ukwa West Local Government in the present Abia State. Methodology: Portions of the soil samples collected from three (3) locations were plated out separately on Yeast Starch Agar, Starch Agar, and Cellulose Agar using soil plate methods. The culture plates were examined after 5-7 and 14 days for the presence of fungi. Pure cultures of the isolates were obtained by subculturing and the physico-chemical properties of the soil samples were determined using standard methods. Results: Twenty species (20) of fungi were isolated from the crude oil polluted soil sample and represented by their respective genera. Eight (8) species of Aspergillus representing 40%, two (2) species of Thermomyces representing 10% each, and one (1) species of Penicillium, Cladosporium, Cunninghamella, Curvularia, Trichoderma, Scopulariopsis, Sporotrichum and Basipetospora representing 5% each. Aspergillus species were predominant which include among others A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. parasiticus, A. oryzae, A. terreus. The physico-chemical properties of the soil sample were found to be varied and have affected the distribution and population of fungi. The pH values ranged from 4.81- 5.58 as compared to the control ranging from 5.72- 6.50 for soil samples A, B and C. The moisture content values ranged between 26.46-29.59% as compared to the control ranging from 29.41-32.51%. The soil was found to be high in organic matter content with values of 70.3-82.7% as compared to the control which was 94% for each of the locations. Conclusion: Crude oil polluted soils of Ukwa West of Abia State, Nigeria is rich in fungal biodiversity with the soil’s samples having different physico-chemical properties.

scholarly journals INDUCED DEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL POLLUTED SOIL BY MICROBIAL AUGMENTATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
SYLVESTER UWADIAE ◽  
EMIKE OMOAYENA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Percentage Removal

This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of indigenous microbes for remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil by first increasing the population of the indigenous microbes via bioaugmentation. Soil samples were treated using a consortium of bacteria: Bacillus substilis and Pseudomonas sp. which were isolated and cultured from the contaminated soil. The non-bacteria injected soil sample had the highest hydrocarbon content (THC) of 271.021 in comparison with the other soil samples. The THC percentage removal of B1 (96.885 %), B2 (97.562 %), B3 (98.835 %), B4 (99.594 %) and B5 (99.540 %) were higher than that of the control; indicating that biodegradation actually took place.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON BIOACTIVE POTENTIAL OF STREPTOMYCES SPP. (KX710212). ISOLATED FROM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTED SAMPLE, RANIPET, VELLORE, INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Henita Geo ◽  
Panneerselvam A
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
Valuable Role

ABSTRACTObjective: Natural products from bacterial origin played and still play a valuable role in drug discovery and provide diverse health-promotingcompounds that help to cure or alleviate serious diseases.Methods: A total of 4 actinobacterial strains were isolated from 2 different environmental polluted soil samples collected from Ranipet, Vellore, TamilNadu, India. Of 15 isolates screened for antibacterial property, 4 isolates (PS1, PS2, and PS3) were found potent and characterized phenotypically andgenotypically.Results: The 16S rDNA gene sequences of potent strain showed 97% similarity with Streptomyces spp. and termed as Streptomyces sp. The bioactivitywas revealed by antibacterial and antioxidant activity.Conclusion: Hence, these findings provide scientific evidence to validate the pharmacological use and have the potential contribution in the discoveryof new lead that play a key role in the field of therapeutics.Keywords: Actinomycetes, Bioactive compounds, Antibacterial property.

Effects of Solarization on Soil Weed Seed Populations

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon C. Standifer ◽  
Paul W. Wilson ◽  
Rhonda Porche-Sorbet
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Commelina Communis ◽  
Clear Plastic ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch ◽  
Germinable Seed

Clear and black polyethylene mulches were placed over raised seed beds in four studies during a 3-yr period. At intervals during treatment times of up to 12 weeks, soil samples were taken and the recovered seed were tested for germination. The number of seed killed and depths to which they were killed varied with species. The study included natural seed populations of annual bluegrass (Poa annuaL. ♯3POAAN), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. ♯ ECHCG), annual species ofCyperus, dayflower (Commelina communisL. ♯ COMCO), and goosegrass (Eleusine indicaL. Gaertn. ♯ ELEIN). After 40 days exposure under clear mulch, seed of dayflower were killed to a depth of 11 cm. Under the same conditions, seed of annualCyperussedges and barnyardgrass were killed only in the upper 3 to 4 cm. After 3 weeks under clear plastic, germinable seed of goosegrass were recovered only at depths greater than 5 cm. Seed in plots under clear polyethylene mulch were killed more quickly than those in plots covered with black polyethylene mulch.

Mycorestoration of crude oil polluted soil using Pleurotus tuberregium

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Beckley Ikhajiagbe ◽  
Kingsley Enerijiofi ◽  
Paul Umendu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Brachystegia Nigerica ◽  
Asystasia Gangetica ◽  
Pleurotus Tuberregium

Crude oil contamination is known to cause unwholesome damage to man, his environment comprising of soil, air and water bodies as well as other forms of life. This study determined the effect of crude oil polluted soils on the composition of different microorganisms and plants and the growth of Pleurotus tuberregium. Oil polluted soils in bowls were amended with sawdust from Brachystegia nigerica as substrate. Fruiting bodies and the diameter of the mushroom cap were found to increase with increasing weeks of exposure to oil as against the control which had no fruiting bodies throughout the experiment. Pepperomia pellucida was found to be the predominant weed (n = 20), followed by Asystasia gangetica (n = 11). The bacterial and fungal counts were higher at the oil polluted soil attached to sclerotia than the control. The growth of Pleurotus tuberregium in the polluted soil samples showed its ability to degrade and utilize hydrocarbon as the source of carbon and energy, thereby remediating the contaminated soil environment. This work has shown that the fungus has bioremediation and pollution control capacity.

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