scholarly journals Neuronal activity in the human amygdala and hippocampus enhances emotional memory encoding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman E Qasim ◽  
Uma Rani Mohan ◽  
Joel M Stein ◽  
Joshua Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
The Brain

Emotional events are often easier to recall, and comprise our most valuable memories. Here, as subjects performed a memory task in which they recalled emotional stimuli more readily than neutral stimuli, we used direct brain recording and stimulation in the hippocampus and amygdala to identify how the brain prioritizes emotional information for memory encoding. High-frequency activity (HFA), a correlate of local neuronal spiking, increased in both hippocampus and amygdala when subjects successfully encoded emotionally arousing stimuli. Direct electrical stimulation applied to these regions during encoding decreased HFA and selectively impaired retrieval for emotional stimuli. Finally, depressed subjects' memory was biased more by valence than arousal, and they exhibited a congruent increase in HFA as a function of valence. Our findings thus provide evidence that emotional stimuli up-regulate activity in the amygdala--hippocampus circuit to enhance memory for emotional information, and suggest that targeted modulation of this circuit alters emotional memory processes.

scholarly journals Probabilistic mapping of language networks from high frequency activity induced by direct electrical stimulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (14) ◽  
pp. 4113-4126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Perrone‐Bertolotti ◽  
Sarah Alexandre ◽  
Anne‐Sophie Jobb ◽  
Luca De Palma ◽  
Monica Baciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Probabilistic Mapping ◽  
High Frequency Activity

scholarly journals High-frequency neural activity predicts word parsing in ambiguous speech streams

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 2497-2512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kösem ◽  
Anahita Basirat ◽  
Leila Azizi ◽  
Virginie van Wassenhove
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Speech Percept ◽  
The Brain

During speech listening, the brain parses a continuous acoustic stream of information into computational units (e.g., syllables or words) necessary for speech comprehension. Recent neuroscientific hypotheses have proposed that neural oscillations contribute to speech parsing, but whether they do so on the basis of acoustic cues (bottom-up acoustic parsing) or as a function of available linguistic representations (top-down linguistic parsing) is unknown. In this magnetoencephalography study, we contrasted acoustic and linguistic parsing using bistable speech sequences. While listening to the speech sequences, participants were asked to maintain one of the two possible speech percepts through volitional control. We predicted that the tracking of speech dynamics by neural oscillations would not only follow the acoustic properties but also shift in time according to the participant's conscious speech percept. Our results show that the latency of high-frequency activity (specifically, beta and gamma bands) varied as a function of the perceptual report. In contrast, the phase of low-frequency oscillations was not strongly affected by top-down control. Whereas changes in low-frequency neural oscillations were compatible with the encoding of prelexical segmentation cues, high-frequency activity specifically informed on an individual's conscious speech percept.

scholarly journals Beyond Fear

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. LaBar
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
Lasting Impression ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Emotional Events

Neurobiological accounts of emotional memory have been derived largely from animal models investigating the encoding and retention of memories for events that signal threat. This literature has implicated the amygdala, a structure in the brain's temporal lobe, in the learning and consolidation of fear memories. Its role in fear conditioning has been confirmed, but the human amygdala also interacts with cortical regions to mediate other aspects of emotional memory. These include the encoding and consolidation of pleasant and unpleasant arousing events into long-term memory, the narrowing of focus on central emotional information, the retrieval of prior emotional events and contexts, and the subjective experience of recollection and emotional intensity during retrieval. Along with other mechanisms that do not involve the amygdala, these functions ensure that significant life events leave a lasting impression in memory.

scholarly journals Brain oscillations and connectivity in autism spectrum disorders (ASD): new approaches to methodology, measurement and modelling

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kessler ◽  
R. A. Seymour ◽  
G. Rippon
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
List Type ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAlthough atypical social behaviour remains a key characterisation of ASD, the presence of sensory and perceptual abnormalities has been given a more central role in recent classification changes. An understanding of the origins of such aberrations could thus prove a fruitful focus for ASD research. Early neurocognitive models of ASD suggested that the study of high frequency activity in the brain as a measure of cortical connectivity might provide the key to understanding the neural correlates of sensory and perceptual deviations in ASD. As our review shows, the findings from subsequent research have been inconsistent, with a lack of agreement about the nature of any high frequency disturbances in ASD brains. Based on the application of new techniques using more sophisticated measures of brain synchronisation, direction of information flow, and invoking the coupling between high and low frequency bands, we propose a framework which could reconcile apparently conflicting findings in this area and would be consistent both with emerging neurocognitive models of autism and with the heterogeneity of the condition.HighlightsSensory and perceptual aberrations are becoming a core feature of the ASD symptom prolife.Brain oscillations and functional connectivity are consistently affected in ASD.Relationships (coupling) between high and low frequencies are also deficient.Novel framework proposes the ASD brain is marked by local dysregulation and reduced top-down connectivityThe ASD brain’s ability to predict stimuli and events in the environment may be affectedThis may underlie perceptual sensitives and cascade into social processing deficits in ASD

scholarly journals High-frequency bioelectrical activity of the brain in the diagnosis of epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Sorokina ◽  
S. S. Pertsov ◽  
G. V. Selitsky
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Epileptic Focus ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Seizure Onset ◽  
High Frequency Oscillations ◽  
Gamma Rhythm ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
The Brain

Recent studies show that the brain gamma activity includes both the gamma rhythm (standard EEG) and high frequency (100-1000 Hz) as well as super-high (>1000 Hz) frequency oscillations, as recorded by electrocorticography. As reported in the literature, the high-frequency oscillations (80-500 Hz) are highly informative markers of an epileptic focus. In this review, we analyze features of high-frequency activity associated with the epileptiform activity, and its relation to the seizure onset range. Further study of high-frequency bioelectric activity of the brain is of interest to researchers and clinicians, and may improve the EEG differential diagnosis of epilepsy.

scholarly journals Attention and Emotion-Enhanced Memory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Behavioural and Neuroimaging Evidence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah R. Cross ◽  
Amanda Santamaria ◽  
Mark J. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Emotional Memory Enhancement

ABSTRACTThe interaction between attention and emotion is posited to influence long-term memory consolidation. We systematically reviewed experiments investigating the influence of attention on emotional memory to determine: (i) the reported effect of attention on memory for emotional stimuli, and (ii) whether there is homogeneity between behavioural and neuroimaging based effects. Over half of the 47 included experiments found a moderate-to-large effect of attention on emotional memory as measured behaviourally. However, eye-tracking research provide mixed support for the role of attention-related processes in facilitating emotional information into long-term memory. Similarly, modulations in sensory-related components at encoding were not predictive of long-term memory formation, whereas later components appear to differentially reflect the allocation of attention to heterogeneous emotional stimuli. This dissociation in neurophysiology is paralleled by the activation of distinct neural networks under full- and divided-attention conditions. We quantified the effects of the behavioural, eye-tracking and neuroimaging findings via meta-analysis to show that the neural substrates of attention-related emotional memory enhancement may be sensitive to specific methodological parameters.

scholarly journals Decreases in theta and increases in high frequency activity underlie associative memory encoding

NeuroImage ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Greenberg ◽  
John F. Burke ◽  
Rafi Haque ◽  
Michael J. Kahana ◽  
Kareem A. Zaghloul
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
High Frequency Activity

scholarly journals Direct brain recordings reveal continuous encoding of structure in random stimuli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Fuhrer ◽  
Kyrre Glette ◽  
Jugoslav Ivanovic ◽  
Pal Gunnar Larsson ◽  
Tristan Andres Bekinschtein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Incoming Information ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Conditional Relations ◽  
Transitional Probabilities ◽  
Intracranial Electroencephalography ◽  
The Brain

The brain excels at processing sensory input, even in rich or chaotic environments. Mounting evidence attributes this to the creation of sophisticated internal models of the environment that draw on statistical structures in the unfolding sensory input. Understanding how and where this modeling takes place is a core question in statistical learning. It is unknown how this modeling applies to random sensory signals. Here, we identify conditional relations, through transitional probabilities, as an implicit structure supporting the encoding of a random auditory stream. We evaluate this representation using intracranial electroencephalography recordings by applying information-theoretical principles to high-frequency activity (75-145 Hz). We demonstrate how the brain continuously encodes conditional relations between random stimuli in a network outside of the auditory system following a hierarchical organization including temporal, frontal and hippocampal regions. Our results highlight that hierarchically organized brain areas continuously attempt to order incoming information by maintaining a probabilistic representation of the sensory input, even under random stimuli presentation.

scholarly journals Salivary cortisol during memory encoding in pregnancy predicts postpartum depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa E. Williams ◽  
Benicio N. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Postpartum Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Incidental Encoding

Abstract Introduction Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common disorder that substantially decreases quality of life for both mother and child. In this longitudinal study, we investigated whether emotional memory, salivary cortisol (sCORT) or alpha-amylase during pregnancy predict postpartum depressive symptoms. Methods Forty-four pregnant women (14 euthymic women with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder [MDD] and 30 healthy women) between the ages of 19 and 37 years (mean age = 29.5±4.1 years) were longitudinally assessed in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (12-22 weeks of gestational age) and again at 14-17 weeks postpartum. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Results Follow-ups were completed for 41 women (7% attrition). Postpartum EPDS scores were predicted by sCORT collected immediately after an incidental encoding memory task during pregnancy (b=-0.78, t -2.14, p=0.04). Postpartum EPDS scores were not predicted by positive (p=0.27) or negative (p=0.85) emotional memory. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that higher levels of sCORT during a memory encoding task in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy are associated with lower postpartum EPDS scores. While the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has long been associated with the neurobiology of MDD, the role of the HPA axis in perinatal depression deserves more attention.

scholarly journals Medial temporal lobe high-frequency activity at feedback signals error and predicts subsequent memory during spatial learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Stevenson ◽  
John Janecek ◽  
Myra Larson ◽  
Lilit Mnatsakanyan ◽  
Sumeet Vadera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Object Location ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
Depth Electrodes ◽  
High Frequency Activity

Abstract The ability to incorporate information about feedback is critical for associative learning. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are thought to be involved in processing feedback as new associations are learned. However, the relative contributions of these regions to feedback processing and subsequent memory performance in humans are poorly understood. To address this question, we tested pre-surgical epilepsy patients with depth electrodes implanted in the MTL and PFC using a spatial memory task in which subjects learned object-location associations over time. We found increased high-frequency activity (HFA; 40-100 Hz), thought to reflect local excitatory activity, in the MTL and dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) at feedback for high error trials. In the MTL, this HFA error signal predicted greater trial-by-trial decreases in error from one training block to the next indicating that these signals are involved in updating memory representations or modifying incorrect associations during learning. The opposite pattern of activity was observed during retrieval, with greater MTL and dlPFC HFA predicting lower error, replicating previous results from our group. Overall, these data suggest putative mechanisms for the learning of object-location associations.

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