scholarly journals Deciphering the potential niche of novel black yeast fungal isolates in a biological soil crust based on genomes, phenotyping, and melanin regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin C. Carr ◽  
Quin Barton ◽  
Sarah Grambo ◽  
Mitchell Sullivan ◽  
Cecile M. Renfro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Species ◽  
Biological Soil Crust ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Black Yeast ◽  
Soil Crust ◽  
Uv Resistance ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractBlack yeasts are polyextremotolerant fungi that contain high amounts of melanin in their cell wall and maintain a primarily yeast form. These fungi grow in xeric, nutrient deplete environments which implies that they require highly flexible metabolisms and the ability to form lichen-like mutualisms with nearby algae and bacteria. However, the exact ecological niche and interactions between these fungi and their surrounding community is not well understood. We have isolated two novel black yeast fungi of the genus Exophiala: JF 03-3F “Goopy” E. viscosium and JF 03-4F “Slimy” E. limosus, which are from dryland biological soil crusts. A combination of whole genome sequencing and various phenotyping experiments have been performed on these isolates to determine their fundamental niches within the biological soil crust consortium. Our results reveal that these Exophiala spp. are capable of utilizing a wide variety of carbon and nitrogen sources potentially from symbiotic microbes, they can withstand many abiotic stresses, and can potentially provide UV resistance to the crust community in the form of secreted melanin. Besides the identification of two novel species within the genus Exophiala, our study also provides new insight into the production and regulation of melanin in extremotolerant fungi.

scholarly journals High level production of laccases and peroxidases from the newly isolated white-rot basidiomycete Marasmiellus palmivorus VE111 in a stirred-tank bioreactor in response to different carbon and nitrogen sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Daniel Hahn Schneider ◽  
Roselei Claudete Fontana ◽  
Simone Mendonça ◽  
Félix Gonçalves de Siqueira ◽  
Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Production

Growth Conditions of a Thermophilic Geobacillus sp. as an Enhanced Oil Recovery Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
Xiang Ping Kong
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The growth conditions of a Geobacillus sp. were investigated by single-factor experiments. The strain was strictly aerobic bacterium, and could grow on hydrocarbons as the sole carbon source. The optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were 3.0% sucrose and 0.20% KNO3, respectively. The range of temperature, salinity and pH for the bacterial growth was 35-70 °C, 0-10% NaCl and 5.5-9.5, and good growth was obtained at 35-65 °C, 0.5-8% NaCl and 6.0-9.0, respectively. Particularly, the optimum temperature for the bacterial growth was between 50 °C and 60 °C. The strain had wide adaptability to the extreme conditions, and may be potentially applied to microbial enhanced oil recovery and oil-waste bioremediation technology.

scholarly journals Optimising carbon and nitrogen sources for Azotobacter chroococcum growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 2951-2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gutieacute rrez Rojas Ivonne ◽  
Beatriz Torres Geraldo Ana ◽  
Moreno Sarmiento Nubia
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Metabolic Flux Analysis and Optimal Control in the Process of Ectoine Fermentation

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 851-854
Author(s):  
Lin Hua Zhang ◽  
Xin Zheng ◽  
Ya Jun Lang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Flux Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Key Nodes

In this study, the metabolic network of ectoine by Halomonas venusta DSM 4743 was established. The key nodes to influence the ectoine fermentation in metabolic flux and the basis during optimal control of fermentation process were investigated. The results showed that G6P, α-KG and OAA nodes were the key factors to influence the synthesis of ectoine. The metabolic flux distributions at the key nodes were significantly improved and ectoine concentration was enhanced in ectoine fermentation by adopting monosodium glutamate as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources, feeding monosodium glutamate and supplying oxygen limitedly. The batch fermentation was carried out in 10 L fermentor , the concentration and yield of ectoine was 8.4 g/L and 0.1 g/g, respectively, which were increased by 2.8 and 2 times, by comparison with batch fermentation using glucose as carbon source.

scholarly journals A Mannose Family Phosphotransferase System Permease and Associated Enzymes Are Required for Utilization of Fructoselysine and Glucoselysine in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (17) ◽  
pp. 2831-2839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Miller ◽  
Robert S. Phillips ◽  
Paul B. Kilgore ◽  
Grady L. Smith ◽  
Timothy R. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Maillard Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Food Borne Illness

ABSTRACTSalmonella entericserovar Typhimurium, a major cause of food-borne illness, is capable of using a variety of carbon and nitrogen sources. Fructoselysine and glucoselysine are Maillard reaction products formed by the reaction of glucose or fructose, respectively, with the ε-amine group of lysine. We report here thatS. Typhimurium utilizes fructoselysine and glucoselysine as carbon and nitrogen sources via a mannose family phosphotransferase (PTS) encoded bygfrABCD(glucoselysine/fructoselysine PTS components EIIA, EIIB, EIIC, and EIID; locus numbers STM14_5449 to STM14_5454 inS. Typhimurium 14028s). Genes coding for two predicted deglycases within thegfroperon,gfrEandgfrF, were required for growth with glucoselysine and fructoselysine, respectively. GfrF demonstrated fructoselysine-6-phosphate deglycase activity in a coupled enzyme assay. The biochemical and genetic analyses were consistent with a pathway in which fructoselysine and glucoselysine are phosphorylated at the C-6 position of the sugar by the GfrABCD PTS as they are transported across the membrane. The resulting fructoselysine-6-phosphate and glucoselysine-6-phosphate subsequently are cleaved by GfrF and GfrE to form lysine and glucose-6-phosphate or fructose-6-phosphate. Interestingly, althoughS. Typhimurium can use lysine derived from fructoselysine or glucoselysine as a sole nitrogen source, it cannot use exogenous lysine as a nitrogen source to support growth. Expression ofgfrABCDEFwas dependent on the alternative sigma factor RpoN (σ54) and an RpoN-dependent LevR-like activator, which we designated GfrR.IMPORTANCESalmonellaphysiology has been studied intensively, but there is much we do not know regarding the repertoire of nutrients these bacteria are able to use for growth. This study shows that a previously uncharacterized PTS and associated enzymes function together to transport and catabolize fructoselysine and glucoselysine. Knowledge of the range of nutrients thatSalmonellautilizes is important, as it could lead to the development of new strategies for reducing the load ofSalmonellain food animals, thereby mitigating its entry into the human food supply.

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