scholarly journals Towards a neuroscientific understanding of play: A neuropsychological coding framework for analysing infant-adult play patterns

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Neale ◽  
Kaili Clackson ◽  
Stanimira Georgieva ◽  
Hatice Dedetas ◽  
Sam Wass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Play Interactions ◽  
Emotional Dimensions ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Adult Play ◽  
Level Analysis

ABSTRACTDuring early life, play is a ubiquitous activity, and an individual’s propensity for play is positively related to cognitive development and emotional well-being. Play behaviour is diverse and multi-faceted. A challenge for current research is to converge on a common definition and measurement system for play ‒ whether examined at a behavioural, cognitive or neurological level. Combining these different approaches in a multi-level analysis could yield significant advances in understanding the neurocognitive mechanisms of play, and provide the basis for developing biologically-grounded play models. However, there is currently no integrated framework for conducting a multi-level analysis of play that spans brain, cognition and behaviour. The proposed neuropsychological coding framework uses grounded and observable behaviours along three neuropsychological dimensions (sensorimotor, cognitive and socio-emotional), to compute inferences about playful behaviour and related social interactional states. Here, we illustrate the sensitivity and utility of the proposed coding framework using two contrasting dyadic corpora (N=5) of mother-infant object-oriented interactions during experimental conditions that were either conducive (Condition 1) or non-conducive (Condition 2) to the emergence of playful behaviour. We find that the framework accurately identifies the modal form of social interaction as being either playful (Condition 1) or non-playful (Condition 2), and further provides useful insights about differences in the quality of social interaction and temporal synchronicity within the dyad. In conclusion, here, we present a novel neuropsychological framework for analysing the continuous time-evolution of adult-infant play patterns, underpinned by biologically informed state coding along sensorimotor, cognitive and socio-emotional dimensions. We expect that the proposed framework will have wide utility amongst researchers wishing to employ an integrated, multi-level approach to the study of play, and lead towards a greater understanding of the neuroscientific basis of play and may yield insights into a new biologically-grounded taxonomy of play interactions.

scholarly journals Well-being Siswa yang Diikutkan Banyak Kegiatan Bimbingan Belajar oleh Orang Tuanya

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ledya Mawaddah
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Scientific Idea ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Cognitive Activities

Psychological well-being (psychological well-being) is an important aspect that determines the quality of student learning. Not a few students in Indonesia that included tutoring by his parents more than two places tutoring. This research aims to provide a scientific idea against parents and teachers to be more attentive to the mental development of the students, in this case it is the psychological well-being of students. According to Piaget, learning that is incompatible with the child's cognitive development have negative consequences for the development of other psychological aspects. Including his tutoring is a good step to provide facilities at students in the Leisure and completing their learning difficulties, but not to the large number of tutoring followed by students (cognitive activities) is precisely make students are depressed and damaging the structure of the kognitifnya. Students must be given the space to play, develop a positive hobby, develop language skills and social interaction as well as other self development.

A Multi-Level Analysis of the Change in Teaching Methods in Post-Communist Romania

2013 ◽  
pp. 181-203
Author(s):  
Oana Gauca
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Post Communism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Analysis

The chapter provides an overview of the changes suffered by the secondary and higher education systems in the communism to post-communism transition and discusses the transformation of the teaching methods and the impact of these transformations. Most teachers aspire to make critical thinking the main objective of their instruction; most of them do not realize that to develop as thinkers students must pass through stages of development in critical thinking. The conclusions point to the fact that most teachers are unaware of the levels of intellectual development that students go through as they improve as thinkers. The research shows that significant gains in the intellectual quality of student work will not be achieved if teachers do not recognize that skilled critical thinking develops only if properly cultivated and only through predictable stages.

scholarly journals Long-term employment status and quality of life after cancer: A longitudinal prospective cohort study from diagnosis up to and including 5 years post diagnosis

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-907
Author(s):  
Sietske J. Tamminga ◽  
Lyanne P. Jansen ◽  
Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen ◽  
Angela G.E.M. de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
Level Analysis

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer survivors are able to return to work. However, little is known about their work situation 5 years after diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To explore fluctuations in employment status and its association with quality of life 2, 3, and 5 years after cancer diagnosis of 65 cancer survivors employed at diagnosis. METHODS: In association with a randomised controlled trial (RCT), questionnaires were administrated to eligible cancer survivors at diagnosis, 2, 3, and 5 years thereafter comprising of validated questionnaires related to work (i.e. Work Ability Index (WAI), cancer, and quality of life (QOL) (i.e. SF-36, VAS QOL). The RCT studied a hospital-based work support intervention in female breast and gynaecological cancer survivors who were treated with curative intent and had paid work at diagnosis. Descriptive statistics and longitudinal multi-level analysis were employed. RESULTS: Sixty-five of the 102 eligible cancer survivors participated, who were primarily diagnosed with breast cancer (63%). Two and 5 years after cancer diagnosis respectively 63 (97%) and 48 (81%) participants were employed. Reasons for not being employed after 5 years included receiving unemployment benefits (7%), voluntary unemployment (3%), receiving disability benefits (3%), and early retirement (3%). Longitudinal multi-level analysis showed that employed cancer survivors reported in general statistically significant better quality of life outcomes at 5 years follow-up compared to those not being employed. CONCLUSIONS: We found high employment rates and few fluctuations in employment status. The steepest decline in employment rate occurs after the first two years of diagnosis. Employed participants reported better quality of life outcomes. Survivorship care should therefore focus on the population at risk possibly within the first two years after diagnosis.

A Multi-level Analysis of Thirty-two Societies on Marital and Family Satisfaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHINORI KAMO ◽  
MAKIKO HORI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Family Satisfaction ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Analysis

When we examine the quality of life for each individual, several specific dimensions need to be considered. Health conditions and quality of family relationships are critical. When the individual in question is married, his/her marital quality is important. When he/she has a job, subjective assessment of that job is important. Social relationships regarding friends, neighbors, colleagues, relatives, etc. may be critical also. Although the quality of life is more than the sum of qualities of these specific areas of one's life, it is still determined to a great extent by the qualities of these sub-areas, including marital and family relationships (Proulxet al., 2007).

scholarly journals Multi-level analysis of visitors’ satisfaction flying to Debrecen – main aspects of the research

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Brigitta Palatinus
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Questionnaire Research ◽  
The City ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Satisfaction Analysis

This paper presents the non-exhaustive description of the main characteristics of visitors based on the filled out questionnaires during five months following the test month. These characteristics will serve the basis of a satisfaction analysis to be described in the future and they provide guidance for later analyses. I performed the testing of my questionnaire in January 2014. It turned out even from the data collected in the test phase that there were services which did not meet the expectations of visitors several times as it was worse than what they expected. This study focuses on the questionnaire research conducted among foreign visitors coming to Debrecen by flight. The main aspects were to determine foreign visitors purpose of travel to Debrecen, how many times they had already been to Debrecen, how many days they spent in the city, what kind of services did they use and whether the quality of used service met their expectations. As a result of the following five months research, I obtained input data which make it possible to examine real problems with background data. It calls for further examination to determine whether there was any difference in the extent of services living up to visitors’ expectation and visitors’ level of satisfaction.

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