scholarly journals Association ofPrevotellaenterotype with polysomnographic data in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome patients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Yuan Ko ◽  
Ji-Mim Fan ◽  
An-Ke Hu ◽  
Li-Mei Huang ◽  
Huan-Zhang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Sleep Fragmentation ◽  
Central Apnea ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Blood Cytokines ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

AbstractIntermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation are critical pathophysiological processes involved in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). These manifestation independently affect similar brain regions and contribute to OSAHS-related comorbidities that are known to be related to the host gut alteration microbiota. We hypothesized that microbiota disruption influences the pathophysiological processes of OSAHS through a microbiota–gut–brain axis. Thus, we aim to survey enterotypes and polysomnographic data of OSAHS patients. Subjects were diagnosed by polysomnography, from whom fecal samples were obtained and analyzed for the microbiome composition by variable regions 3–4 of 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and bioinformatic analyses. We examined blood cytokines level of all subjects. Three enterotypesBacteroides(n=73),Ruminococcus(n=14), andPrevotella(n=26) were identified. Central apnea indices, mixed apnea indices, N1 sleep stage, mean apnea–hypopnea duration, and arousal indices were increased in apnea–hypopnea indices (AHI) ≥15 patients with thePrevotellaenterotype. However, for AHI<15 subjects, obstructive apnea indices and systolic blood pressure were significantly observed inRuminococcusandPrevotellaenterotypes, respectively. The present study indicates the possibility of pathophysiological interplay between enterotypes and sleep structure disruption in sleep apnea through a microbiota–gut–brain axis and offers some new insight toward the pathogenesis of OSAHS.ImportanceIntermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation (SF) are hallmarks of are the predominant mechanism underlying obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Moreover, IH and SF of pathophysiological roles in the gut microbiota dysbiosis in OSAHS have been demonstrated. We hypothesized that gut microbiota disruption may cross-talk the brain function via microbiota–gut–brain axis. Indeed, we observed central apnea indices and other parameters of disturbances during sleep were significantly elevated in AHI≥15 patients with thePrevotellaenterotype. This enterotype prone to endotoxin production, driving systemic inflammation, ultimately contributes to OSAHS-linked comorbidities. Vice versa, increasing the arousal index leads to systemic inflammatory changes and accompanies metabolic dysfunction. We highlight that the possibility that the microbiota–gut–brain axis operates a bidirectional effect on the development of OSAHS pathology.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota in obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome: disease-related dysbiosis and metabolic comorbidities

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Yuan Ko ◽  
Qing-Quan Liu ◽  
Huan-Zhang Su ◽  
Hua-Ping Zhang ◽  
Ji-Mim Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
16S Rrna Pyrosequencing ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Comorbidities

Abstract Gut microbiota alterations manifest as intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep, thereby mimicking obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Here, we sought to perform the first direct survey of gut microbial dysbiosis over a range of apnea–hypopnea indices (AHI) among patients with OSAHS. We obtained fecal samples from 93 patients with OSAHS [5 &lt; AHI ≤ 15 (n=40), 15 &lt; AHI ≤ 30 (n=23), and AHI ≥ 30 (n=30)] and 20 controls (AHI ≤ 5) and determined the microbiome composition via 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and bioinformatics analysis of variable regions 3–4. We measured fasting levels of homocysteine (HCY), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Results revealed gut microbial dysbiosis in several patients with varying severities of OSAHS, reliably separating them from controls with a receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.789. Functional analysis in the microbiomes of patients revealed alterations; additionally, decreased in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and increased pathogens, accompanied by elevated levels of IL-6. Lactobacillus levels correlated with HCY levels. Stratification analysis revealed that the Ruminococcus enterotype posed the highest risk for patients with OSAHS. Our results show that the presence of an altered microbiome is associated with HCY among OSAHS patients. These changes in the levels of SCFA affect the levels of pathogens that play a pathophysiological role in OSAHS and related metabolic comorbidities.

scholarly journals Edaravone mitigates cognitive impairment and hippocampal injury in juvenile rats with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome via regulation of cAMP/PKACREB pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2299-2304
Author(s):  
Yongmei Zhao ◽  
Hongli Li ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Kexing Li ◽  
Sufei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Juvenile Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

Purpose: To investigate the influence of edaravone on cognitive impairment and hippocampal injury in juvenile rats with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), and the mechanism involved.Methods: Fifty-four young Wistar rats were randomly selected into control, intermittent hypoxia and edaravone groups. The contents of the antioxidants CAT, Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn SOD and oxidative stress products malondialdehyde (MDA) in hippocampus were assayed and compared. The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Bcl-2, CREB, p-CREB and PKAc were determined.Results: The times taken to cross the target quadrant and the platform; levels of CAT and Mn-SOD, as well as protein levels of BNDF, Bcl-2, p-CREB and PKAc were markedly lower in intermittent hypoxia group than in controls; and MDA contents, 8-OHdG and protein hydroxyl were markedly higher in intermittent hypoxic rats group than in controls. Time taken to cross the platform and quadrant; activities of CAT and Mn-SOD, and protein concentrations of BDNF, Bcl-2, p-CREB and PKAc were markedly higher in the edaravone-treated rats than in intermittent hypoxia rats.Conclusion: Edaravone significantly mitigated cognitive damage and hippocampal lesions in OSAHS rats via a mechanism related to alleviation of oxidative stress and up-regulation of the expressions of p-CREB and its downstream proteins BDNF and Bcl-2. This finding provides a theoretical basis for research and development of new drugs against OSAHS.

Metabolic Features In Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1821-1825
Author(s):  
Sinziana Lovin ◽  
Dragos Cristian Stefanescu ◽  
Razvan Hainarosie ◽  
Malina Ciumasu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
The Military ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by repeated breathing pauses during sleep, with slee disruption, intermittent hypoxia, and cardiac, metabolic and neuropsychological disturbances. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an association of cardiovascular risk factors centered on insulin resistance.The study objective is to calculate the prevalence of MS and its components in a large group of OSAHS patients. We evaluated 350 patients addressed to The Military Hospital Iasi between 2016 and 2017 from the clinical, metabolic and polygraphic poins of view. In 235 of the 350 de patients we found OSAHS. Of the 235 patients with OSAHS, 140 (60%) meet the criteria for MS, versus 29% of the group withut OSAHS (OR = 3.608, CI = 2.1787 - 5.975). Patients with OSAHS were older, more obese, more sedentary, sleepier and presented higher cholesterol values both total cholesterol and HDL fraction, higher tryglicerides values, higher blood sugar values and blood pressure values than patients without OSAHS. The prevalence of the MS in OSAHS patients is 60%, similar to what whas reported and higher by 31% than in the non OSAHS group. Certain components and associated conditions are characteristically linked to OSAHS.

scholarly journals Roles and Mechanisms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome and Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Atherosclerosis: Evidence and Prospective

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqin Ma ◽  
Jingchun Zhang ◽  
Yue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

The morbidity and mortality of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) are regarded as consequences of its adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) induced by OSAHS can result in vascular endothelial injury, thus promoting development of atherosclerosis (AS). Studies have shown that CIH is an independent risk factor for the occurrence and development of AS, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we review clinical and fundamental studies reported during the last 10 years on the occurrence and development of AS mediated by CIH, focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, cell apoptosis, vascular endothelial injury, platelet activation, and neuroendocrine disorders. This review will offer current evidence and perspective to researchers for the development of effective intervention strategies for OSAHS-related cardiocerebrovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Association Between Intermittent Hypoxia and Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Deng ◽  
Yi-teng Huang ◽  
Jian-qing Xu ◽  
Xiao Ke ◽  
Yi-fei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Left Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Lv Remodeling ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

The present study was undertaken to examine the association between intermittent hypoxia and left ventricular (LV) remodeling and explore which parameter of intermittent hypoxia is most relevant to LV remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Two hundred eighty six patients underwent polysomnographic examination were enrolled. Based on apnea-hypoxia index (AHI), patients were divided into no, mild, moderate and severe OSAHS groups. Between-group differences in LV remodeling and the association between parameters of intermittent hypoxia and LV remodeling was evaluated. Patients with severe OSAHS were more likely to have hypertension, and higher values of LV mass (LVM) and LVM index (LVMI). In univariate regression analysis, male, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), statins, antihypertensive drugs, creatinine, and parameters of intermittent hypoxia (AHI, obstructive apnea index [OAI], lowest oxygen saturation [LSpO2], oxygen desaturation index [ODI], time spent below oxygen saturation of 90% [TS90%], and mean nocturnal oxygen saturation [MSpO2]) were associated with LVMI. After multivariate regression analyses, only male gender, BMI, systolic BP, creatinine, and ODI remained significantly associated with LVMI. Compared to those without LV hypertrophy (LVH), patients with LVH had higher ODI. Compared to patients with normal LV, concentric remodeling and eccentric LVH, those with concentric LVH had higher ODI. In conclusion, intermittent hypoxia was significantly associated with left ventricular remodeling; and among various parameters of intermittent hypoxia, ODI was the most relevant to LV remodeling.

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