scholarly journals World Influence of Infectious Diseases from Wikipedia Network Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Rollin ◽  
José Lages ◽  
Dima L. Shepelyansky
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Google Matrix ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractWe consider the network of 5 416 537 articles of English Wikipedia extracted in 2017. Using the recent reduced Google matrix (REGOMAX) method we construct the reduced network of 230 articles (nodes) of infectious diseases and 195 articles of world countries. This method generates the reduced directed network between all 425 nodes taking into account all direct and indirect links with pathways via the huge global network. PageRank and CheiRank algorithms are used to determine the most influential diseases with the top PageRank diseases being Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Malaria. From the reduced Google matrix we determine the sensitivity of world countries to specific diseases integrating their influence over all their history including the times of ancient Egyptian mummies. The obtained results are compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) data demonstrating that the Wikipedia network analysis provides reliable results with up to about 80 percent overlap between WHO and REGOMAX analyses.

Organization of restrictive quarantine measures to prevent especially dangerous infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Petr Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Health Regulations

Especially dangerous infections (EDIs) belong to the conditionally labelled group of infectious diseases that pose an exceptional epidemic threat. They are highly contagious, rapidly spreading and capable of affecting wide sections of the population in the shortest possible time, they are characterized by the severity of clinical symptoms and high mortality rates. At the present stage, the term "especially dangerous infections" is used only in the territory of the countries of the former USSR, all over the world this concept is defined as "infectious diseases that pose an extreme threat to public health on an international scale." Over the entire history of human development, more people have died as a result of epidemics and pandemics than in all wars combined. The list of especially dangerous infections and measures to prevent their spread were fixed in the International Health Regulations (IHR), adopted at the 22nd session of the WHO's World Health Assembly on July 26, 1969. In 1970, at the 23rd session of the WHO's Assembly, typhus and relapsing fever were excluded from the list of quarantine infections. As amended in 1981, the list included only three diseases represented by plague, cholera and anthrax. However, now annual additions of new infections endemic to different parts of the earth to this list take place. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has already included more than 100 diseases in the list of especially dangerous infections.

scholarly journals SARS: Political Pathology of the First Post-Westphalian Pathogen

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Fidler
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Health Organization

In March 2003, the world discovered, again, that I humanity's battle with infectious diseases continues. The twenty-first century began with infectious diseases, especially HIV/AIDS, being discussed as threats to human rights, economic development, and national security. Bioterrorism in the United States in October 2001 increased concerns about pathogenic microbes. The global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the spring of 2003 kept the global infectious disease challenge at the forefront of world news for weeks. At its May 2003 annual meeting, the World Health organization (WHO) asserted that SARS is “the first severe infectious disease to emerge in the twenty-first century” and “poses a serious threat to global health security, the livelihood of populations, the functioning of health systems, and the stability and growth of economies.”

School Nurses on the Front Lines of Healthcare: Infectious Diseases Popularized in the News

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
Lauren McNickle ◽  
Robert P. Olympia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
World Health ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Public Health Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Organization

School nurses may deal with students presenting with symptoms associated with infections popularized in the news. Although rare, the implications of missing or misdiagnosing these infections are potentially life-threatening and devastating. We present three students presenting with febrile illnesses associated with neurologic symptoms, a rash, and fatigue, focusing on the initial assessment and management of these students and their associated “hot topic” infection. The authors also discuss two public health organizations, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (https://www.cdc.gov/) and the World Health Organization (https://www.who.int/), online references for the school nurse to research both emerging and common infectious diseases.

scholarly journals National Institute for the Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS. Recommendations for COVID-19 Clinical Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Nicastri ◽  
Nicola Petrosillo ◽  
Tommaso Ascoli Bartoli ◽  
Luciana Lepore ◽  
Annalisa Mondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Affected Country

On January 9th, 2020, the “World Health Organization” (WHO) declared the identification, by Chinese Health authorities, of a novel coronavirus, further classified as SARS-CoV-2 responsible of a diseases (COVID-19) ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe respiratory involvement. On March 9th, 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Italy is the second most affected country by COVID-19 infection after China. The “L. Spallanzani” National Institute for the Infectious Diseases, IRCCS has been the first Italian hospital to admit and manage patients affected by COVID-19. Hereby, we show our recommendations for the management of COVID-19 patients, based on very limited clinical evidences; these recomendations should be considered as expert opinions, which may be modified according to newly produced literature data. *for the INMI COVID-19 Treatment Group – ICOTREG Abdeddaim A, Agrati C, Albarello F, Antinori A, Ascoli Bartoli T, Baldini F, Bellagamba R, Bevilacqua N, Bibas M, Biava G, Boumis E, Busso D, Camici M, Capobianchi MR, Capone A, Caravella I, Cataldo A, Cerilli S, Chinello G, Cicalini S, Corpolongo A, Cristofaro M, D’Abramo A, Dantimi C, De Angelis G, De Palo MG, D’Offizi G, De Zottis F, Di Lorenzo R, Di Stefano F, Fusetti M, Galati V, Gagliardini R, Garotto G, Gebremeskel Tekle Saba, Giancola ML, Giansante F, Girardi E, Goletti D, Granata G, Greci MC, Grilli E, Grisetti S, Gualano G, Iacomi F, Iannicelli G, Ippolito G, Lepore L, Libertone R, Lionetti R, Liuzzi G, Loiacono L, Macchione M,  Marchioni L, Mariano A, Marini MC, Maritti M, Mastrobattista A, Mazzotta V, Mencarini P, Migliorisi-Ramazzini P, Mondi A, Montalbano M, Mosti S, Murachelli S, Musso M, Nicastri E, Noto P, Oliva A, Palazzolo C, Palmieri F, Pareo C, Petrone A, Pianura E, Pinnetti C, Pontarelli A, Puro V, Rianda A, Rosati S, Sampaolesi A, Santagata C, Scarcia D’Aprano S, Scarabello A, Schininà V, Scorzolini L, Stazi GV, Taibi C, Taglietti F, Tonnarini R, Topino S, Vergori A, Vincenzi L, Visco-Comandini U, Vittozzi P, Zaccarelli M, Zaccaro G.

Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases - Past, Present and Future

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Takeda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Global Response ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Global Threat

The global threat of new infectious diseases first became widely recognized in the 1990s. The US government published a report on emerging and reemerging infectious diseases followed by the World Health Organization (WHO), which adopted the slogan "Emerging Infectious Diseases: Global Alert, Global Response" in 1997. Typical examples of the more than 30 infectious diseases emerging since 1970s are HIV/AIDS, Vibrio cholerae O139 infection, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and avian influenza. The New Infectious Diseases Control Law enacted in Japan in 1999 was to control these emerging infectious diseases and the already existing ones.

scholarly journals The WHO Collaborating Centre for Biosafety in Microbiology

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Tony Della-Porta ◽  
Michael Catton
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Biosafety in Microbiology has been established at the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL) for over 2 decades and played a significant role in the development of the WHO Laboratory Biosafety Manual and the WHO Biorisk Guidelines. It has also contributed to WHO?s international biosafety programmes and to the raising awareness of biosafety in Australia.

Building an Age Friendly Community

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Burr Bradley ◽  
Kelly G. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Collaborative Communication ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Many communities are responding to population aging by investing in ways to make their cities more “age-friendly.” A key component of this effort revolves around collaborative communication strategy. This article reviews the World Health Organization (WHO) efforts through its Global Network of Age-Friendly Cities and Communities to engage and assist cities in planning for the future. In collaboration with partners from developed and developing countries, WHO identified features of age-friendly cities in eight domains: outdoor spaces; transportation; housing; social participation; respect and social inclusion; civic participation and employment; communication and information; and community support and health services. The author discusses how one city, Bowling Green, KY, is implementing the WHO framework. Particular attention is paid to how strategies are being developed to increase communication and information sharing around the last domain, health care. This article concludes with implications for using online modalities to enhance planning for age-friendly communities.

A Study on Educational Transformation through Evolution of Online Learning in the times of COVID-19 in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Jyoti Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
World Health ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Learning Modes ◽  
The Times ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health Organization

Educational institutions (schools, colleges, and universities) in India have always followed traditional modes of teaching and learning wherein the teachers impart the lectures and the students undertake the instructions and guidance in a face-to-face medium. But, with the advent of covid-19, educational institutions in India were left with no choice but to switch to online mediums for imparting instructions. The sudden outbreak of Covid-19 impacted the entire world in an unparalleled manner and had put us all to witness a never seen before deadly virus Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2) that shook us all. World Health Organization recognized the devastating effects of Covid and declared it as a global pandemic. One of the major challenges faced by the institutions around the world was in continuing learning in traditional set-up; thus the educators around the world shifted to online modes of teaching and learning. This article incorporates the learning and significance of e-learning and Strengths, Weaknesses, and Opportunities of e-learning modes in the wake of a crisis situation. This article also additionally puts some light on the challenges faced by the institution with reference to imparting education through online learning modes.

scholarly journals Developing Age-Friendly Cities and Communities: Eleven Case Studies from around the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Samuèle Rémillard-Boilard ◽  
Tine Buffel ◽  
Chris Phillipson
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Health Organization

Developing age-friendly cities and communities has become a key part of policies aimed at improving the quality of life of older people in urban areas. The World Health Organization has been especially important in driving the ‘age-friendly’ agenda, notably through its Global Network of Age-Friendly Cities and Communities, connecting 1114 (2020 figure) cities and communities worldwide. Despite the expansion and achievements of the Network over the last decade, little is known about the progress made by cities developing this work around the world. This article addresses this research gap by comparing the experience of eleven cities located in eleven countries. Using a multiple case study approach, the study explores the key goals, achievements, and challenges faced by local age-friendly programs and identifies four priorities the age-friendly movement should consider to further its development: (1) changing the perception of older age; (2) involving key actors in age-friendly efforts; (3) responding to the (diverse) needs of older people; and (4) improving the planning and delivery of age-friendly programs. The article concludes by discussing the research and policy implications of these findings for the age-friendly movement.

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