scholarly journals Y-chromosome haplotypes are associated with variation in size and age at maturity in male Chinook salmon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett J. McKinney ◽  
James E Seeb ◽  
Carita E. Pascal ◽  
Daniel E. Schindler ◽  
Sara E. Gilk-Baumer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACTVariation in size and age at maturity is an important component of life history that is influenced both by environmental and genetic factors. In salmonids, large size confers a direct reproductive advantage through increased fecundity and egg quality in females, while larger males gain a reproductive advantage by monopolizing access to females. In addition, variation in size and age at maturity in males can be associated with different reproductive strategies; younger smaller males may gain reproductive success by sneaking in among mating pairs. In both sexes there is a trade-off between older age and increased reproductive success and increased risk of mortality by delaying reproduction. We identified four Y-chromosome haplogroups that showed regional and population-specific variation in frequency using RADseq data for 21 populations of Alaska Chinook salmon. We then characterized the range-wide distribution of these haplogroups using GT-seq assays. These haplogroups exhibited associations with size at maturity in multiple populations suggesting that the lack of recombination between X and Y-chromosomes has allowed Y-chromosome haplogroups to capture different alleles that influence size at maturity. Ultimately, conservation of life history diversity in Chinook salmon may require conservation of Y-chromosome haplotype diversity.

Changes in life history parameters in a naturally spawning population of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) associated with releases of hatchery-reared fish

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Unwin ◽  
G J Glova
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Stream Type

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning runs in Glenariffe Stream, New Zealand, exhibited significant changes in life history traits following supplementation releases of hatchery-reared juveniles. Total run strength did not change but the proportion of naturally produced fish declined to 34%. Attempts to separate spawners of natural and hatchery origin were unsuccessful, and 31-48% of natural spawners are now of hatchery origin. Hatchery males were smaller at age 2 and 3 than males of natural origin, and more often matured as jacks, producing an 86-mm decrease in mean fork length over 28 years. There was no change in length at age or age at maturity for female spawners. The proportion of jacks entering Glenariffe Stream each year was positively correlated with the proportion of jacks in the ensuing cohort. Most differences between fish of natural and hatchery origin were related to hatchery rearing practices, but the decline in age at maturity among naturally produced males appears to reflect traits inherited from parent stock of hatchery origin. Hatchery releases may also favour the survival of ocean-type fry over stream-type fry, possibly reversing a tendency for stream-type behaviour to evolve in response to the lack of estuaries on most New Zealand chinook salmon rivers.

scholarly journals Heritability and Y-chromosome influence in the jack male life history of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Heredity ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
D D Heath ◽  
L Rankin ◽  
C A Bryden ◽  
J W Heath ◽  
J M Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Life History

scholarly journals Y‐chromosome haplotypes are associated with variation in size and age at maturity in male Chinook salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2791-2806
Author(s):  
Garrett J. McKinney ◽  
James E. Seeb ◽  
Carita E. Pascal ◽  
Daniel E. Schindler ◽  
Sara E. Gilk‐Baumer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Age At Maturity

Predator-induced life history shifts in Daphnia: a synthesis of studies using meta-analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2487-2494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard P Riessen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Food Level ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Delayed Reproduction ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
First Clutch

Daphnia respond to kairomones from a variety of predators by altering their morphology, behavior, and life history. I use the statistical technique of meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the results of 27 independent studies that examine various life history responses of Daphnia to kairomones released from three common predators: Chaoborus, Notonecta, and planktivorous fish. Daphnia exhibit a fundamentally different set of life history responses to Chaoborus (delayed reproduction, decreased size of first clutch, slight tendency toward increased size at maturity) than they do to Notonecta and fish (earlier reproduction, increased clutch size, smaller size at maturity). These opposite responses appear to be related to different patterns of prey selection exhibited by the predators. Food level does not affect the life history responses of Daphnia to Chaoborus kairomones; however, the length of exposure to these kairomones does influence the degree of delay in reproduction. In addition, changes in size at maturity in response to predator kairomones are positively correlated with changes in both age at maturity and size of the first clutch. While the life history shifts exhibited by Daphnia in the presence of Notonecta and fish appear to be clearly adaptive, the fitness consequences of Chaoborus-induced responses are unclear.

Clutch quality is related to embryonic development duration, hatchling body size and telomere length in the spined toad (Bufo spinosus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Marion Cheron ◽  
Frédéric Angelier ◽  
Cécile Ribout ◽  
François Brischoux
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Parental Quality ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Development Duration

Abstract Reproductive success is often related to parental quality, a parameter expressed through various traits, such as site selection, mate selection and energetic investment in the eggs or progeny. Owing to the complex interactions between environmental and parental characteristics occurring at various stages of the reproductive event, it is often complicated to tease apart the relative contributions of these different factors to reproductive success. Study systems where these complex interactions are simplified (e.g. absence of parental care) can help us to understand how metrics of parental quality (e.g. gamete and egg quality) influence reproductive success. Using such a study system in a common garden experiment, we investigated the relationships between clutch hatching success (a proxy of clutch quality) and offspring quality in an amphibian species lacking post-oviposition parental care. We found a relationship between clutch quality and embryonic development duration and hatchling phenotype. We found that hatchling telomere length was linked to hatching success. These results suggest that clutch quality is linked to early life traits in larval amphibians and that deciphering the influence of parental traits on the patterns we detected is a promising avenue of research.

scholarly journals Impacts of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity in a tropical forest butterfly on Borneo

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Benedick ◽  
Thomas A. White ◽  
Jeremy B. Searle ◽  
Keith C. Hamer ◽  
Nazirah Mustaffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Mtdna Diversity

Many areas of rain forest now exist as habitat fragments, and understanding the impacts of fragmentation is important for determining the viability of populations within forest remnants. We investigated impacts of forest fragmentation on genetic diversity in the butterfly Mycalesis orseis (Satyrinae) in Sabah (Malaysian Borneo). We investigated mtDNA diversity in 90 individuals from ten forest sites typical of the sizes of forest remnants that currently exist in the region. Nucleotide diversity declined with increasing isolation of remnants, but there was no effect of remnant size or population size, and haplotype diversity was similar among sites. Thus, approximately 50 y after forest fragmentation, few changes in genetic diversity were apparent and remnants apparently supported genetically viable populations of this butterfly. Many studies have shown that responses of species to habitat fragmentation usually follow a time delay, and so we developed a Monte Carlo simulation model to investigate changes in genetic diversity over time in small remnants. Model output indicated a substantial time delay (> 100 y) between fragmentation and genetic erosion, suggesting that, in the smallest study remnants, an increased risk of extinction from reduced genetic diversity is likely in the longer term.

Evidence of long and discontinuous juvenile periods in Trillium catesbaei under contrasting levels of herbivory

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Webster ◽  
Michael A. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Life History Stage ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Poor Indicator

We investigated the influence of chronic herbivory by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) on the age structure and morphology of Trillium catesbaei Elliott. At sites with contrasting histories of deer abundance (Cades Cove, high; Whiteoak Sink, low), we measured morphological characteristics and determined minimum plant age for 60 plants (30 per site) in the single-leaf life-history stage. We chose this stage because its presence is considered an indication of successful reproduction by the previous generation, but its value could be inflated if plants regress or remain in this stage for extended periods. Our results suggest that T. catesbaei may spend upwards of a decade in this stage. Cades Cove single leaves were significantly older (p = 0.011) than those at Whiteoak Sink. Rhizome recession (decay of the oldest portion) was more common at Cades Cove, suggesting greater regression to this stage from three-leaf stages. Although minimum plant age was significantly associated with vegetative attributes (p < 0.002) at Whiteoak Sink, these attributes were decoupled at Cades Cove (p ≥ 0.642). Collectively, our results suggest that chronic herbivory may lead to a long and regressive residency period in the single-leaf stage. Consequently, in Trillium populations heavily impacted by deer, the number of single-leaf plants may be a poor indicator of reproductive success and population viability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document