Extra gauge invariance from an extra dimension

Abstract We show that κ-Poincaré invariant gauge theories on κ-Minkowski space with physically acceptable commutative (low energy) limit must be 5-d. The gauge invariance requirement of the action fixes the dimension of the κ-Minkowski space to d = 5 and selects the unique twisted differential calculus with which the construction can be achieved. We characterize a BRST symmetry related to the 5-d noncommutative gauge invariance though the definition of a nilpotent operation, which is used to construct a gauge-fixed action. We also consider standard scenarios assuming (compactification of) flat extra dimension, for which the 5-d deformation parameter κ can be viewed as the bulk 5-d Planck mass. We study physical properties of the resulting 4-d effective theories. Recent data from collider experiments require κ ≳ $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (1013) GeV. The use of standard test of in-vacuo dispersion relations of Gamma Ray Burst photons increases this lower bound by 4 orders of magnitude. The robustness of this bound is discussed in the light of possible new features of noncommutative causal structures.

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Gauge invariance, polar coordinates and inflation

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep03(2021)096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Akil ◽

Xi Tong

Keyword(s):

Coordinate System ◽

Effective Potential ◽

Gauge Invariance ◽

Polar Coordinates ◽

Quantum Corrections ◽

Background Current ◽

Gauge Invariant ◽

Gauge Dependence ◽

Current Term ◽

Invariant Current

Abstract We point out the necessity of resolving the apparent gauge dependence in the quantum corrections of cosmological observables for Higgs-like inflation models. We highlight the fact that this gauge dependence is due to the use of an asymmetric background current which is specific to a choice of coordinate system in the scalar manifold. Favoring simplicity over complexity, we further propose a practical shortcut to gauge-independent inflationary observables by using effective potential obtained from a polar-like background current choice. We demonstrate this shortcut for several explicit examples and present a gauge-independent prediction of inflationary observables in the Abelian Higgs model. Furthermore, with Nielsen’s gauge dependence identities, we show that for any theory to all orders, a gauge-invariant current term gives a gauge-independent effective potential and thus gauge-invariant inflationary observables.

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A master exceptional field theory

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep06(2021)185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Guillaume Bossard ◽

Axel Kleinschmidt ◽

Ergin Sezgin

Keyword(s):

Field Theory ◽

Gauge Invariance ◽

Sigma Model ◽

Linear Equations ◽

Field Theories ◽

Gauge Invariant ◽

Non Linear ◽

Non Linear Equations

Abstract We construct a pseudo-Lagrangian that is invariant under rigid E11 and transforms as a density under E11 generalised diffeomorphisms. The gauge-invariance requires the use of a section condition studied in previous work on E11 exceptional field theory and the inclusion of constrained fields that transform in an indecomposable E11-representation together with the E11 coset fields. We show that, in combination with gauge-invariant and E11-invariant duality equations, this pseudo-Lagrangian reduces to the bosonic sector of non-linear eleven-dimensional supergravity for one choice of solution to the section condi- tion. For another choice, we reobtain the E8 exceptional field theory and conjecture that our pseudo-Lagrangian and duality equations produce all exceptional field theories with maximal supersymmetry in any dimension. We also describe how the theory entails non-linear equations for higher dual fields, including the dual graviton in eleven dimensions. Furthermore, we speculate on the relation to the E10 sigma model.

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The Quality of Life Definition: Where Are We Going?

Uro ◽

10.3390/uro1010003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

Tommaso Cai ◽

Paolo Verze ◽

Truls E. Bjerklund Johansen

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Extra Dimension ◽

Sexual Partner ◽

Therapeutic Approach ◽

Well Being ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Laboratory Findings

The quality of life (QoL) concept now includes new aspects related to patients’ well-being because QoL has become more of a personal perception than an an objective and measurable entity. Here, we discuss the principal aspects of QoL-related aspects in urology and andrology by using a narrative review. Some aspects concerning the QoL are essential when managing uro-andrological patients. The aim of treatments should not only include the absence of disease or symptoms relief but also the improvement of a patient’s QoL with regard to his/her internal status and relationship with others. In this sense, any therapeutic approach should be based on the patient’s perspectives and not only on the instrumental and laboratory findings. Finally, we discussed the role of a patient’s sexual partner adding an extra dimension to the patient-centerd approach as part of the QoL concept in andrology.

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All-plus helicity off-shell gauge invariant multigluon amplitudes at one loop

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep12(2020)158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Etienne Blanco ◽

Andreas van Hameren ◽

Piotr Kotko ◽

Krzysztof Kutak

Keyword(s):

Scattering Amplitudes ◽

Gauge Invariance ◽

Arbitrary Number ◽

Gauge Invariant

Abstract We calculate one loop scattering amplitudes for arbitrary number of positive helicity on-shell gluons and one off-shell gluon treated within the quasi-multi Regge kinematics. The result is fully gauge invariant and possesses the correct on-shell limit. Our method is based on embedding the off-shell process, together with contributions needed to retain gauge invariance, in a bigger fully on-shell process with auxiliary quark or gluon line.

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Monopole fluctuation of the CMB and its gauge invariance

Physical Review D ◽

10.1103/physrevd.103.063516 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 103 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Sandra Baumgartner ◽

Jaiyul Yoo

Keyword(s):

Gauge Invariance

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GAUGE INVARIANCE AND CONSTRAINTS: OPEN GAUGE ALGEBRAS

International Journal of Modern Physics A ◽

10.1142/s0217751x92002519 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 07 (22) ◽

pp. 5549-5561 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

KH. S. NIROV ◽

P.N. PYATOV ◽

A.V. RAZUMOV

Keyword(s):

Wide Class ◽

Gauge Invariance ◽

Poisson Brackets ◽

Hamiltonian Description ◽

Gauge Invariant

For a wide class of gauge-invariant systems with open gauge algebras the Hamiltonian description is constructed and the Poisson brackets of the constraints are calculated. It is shown that in the case under consideration there arise only first class constraints.

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A quantization of the electromagnetic field

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p83-148 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (8) ◽

pp. 1172-1183

Author(s):

Anton Z. Capri ◽

Gebhard Grübl ◽

Randy Kobes

Keyword(s):

Hilbert Space ◽

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Gauge Invariance ◽

Free Field ◽

External Source ◽

Field Level ◽

Manifest Covariance ◽

The One ◽

Physical Spaces

Quantization of the electromagnetic field in a class of covariant gauges is performed on a positive metric Hilbert space. Although losing manifest covariance, we find at the free field level the existence of two physical spaces where Poincaré transformations are implemented unitarily. This gives rise to two different physical interpretations of the theory. Unitarity of the S operator for an interaction with an external source then forces one to postulate that a restricted gauge invariance must hold. This singles out one interpretation, the one where two transverse photons are physical.

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