scholarly journals Mesoscopic residual stresses of plastic origin in zirconium: interpretation of X-ray diffraction results

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 934-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gloaguen ◽  
M. François ◽  
R. Guillen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Deformation Mode ◽  
Prismatic Slip ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Active Deformation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Self Consistent

Complementary methods have been used to analyse residual stresses in a heat-treated Zr702 sheet which had undergone uniaxial plastic deformation: X-ray diffraction and self-consistent models. The elastoplastic self-consistent model has been used to simulate the experiments and exhibits agreement with experimental data. X-ray diffraction analysis in the rolling direction shows opposite stress values for {10\bar{1}4} and {20\bar{2}2} planes, respectively. The measured strains were generated by an anisotropic plastic deformation. The comparison between ∊ϕψversussin2ψ and simulations confirms that prismatic slip is the main active deformation mode. Plastic incompatibility stress in X-ray measurements should be taken into account in order to make a correct interpretation of the experimental data.

scholarly journals X-ray measurement of residual stresses and texture development during a rolling sequence of zirconium alloy cladding tubes – influence of plastic anisotropy on mechanical behaviour

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gloaguen ◽  
Jamal Fajoui ◽  
Emmanuel Girard ◽  
Ronald Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Zirconium Alloy ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Plastic Anisotropy ◽  
Deformation Mode ◽  
Prismatic Slip ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Active Deformation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Final Rolling

Texture and residual stress analysis using X-ray diffraction have been carried out on zirconium alloy cladding tubes after cold pilgering, an industrial mechanical process. The final rolling pass has been completely characterized by X-ray diffraction. An interpretation of the effect of intergranular stresses on the development of analysed stress has been made using a modified elastoplastic self-consistent model in order to account for the effect of the high intrinsic plastic anisotropy of hexagonal close-packed crystals. The contribution and magnitude of the first- and second-order residual stresses were correctly evaluated using information from the model. The main features of the rolling sequence were qualitatively reproduced by the simulations, considering prismatic slip as the main active deformation mode in this alloy under large strain.

Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Residual Stresses in Cold-Rolled Pearlitic Steel Sheet

2006 ◽  
Vol 524-525 ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Seefeldt ◽  
Artur Walentek ◽  
Paul van Houtte ◽  
Miroslav Vrána ◽  
Petr Lukáš
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Lamellar Microstructure ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Phase ◽  
Cold Rolled

This paper reports about a combined neutron and X-ray diffraction study on the residual stresses in the ferrite matrix of cold-rolled fully pearlitic steel sheet. Neutron diffraction revealed compressive residual phase microstresses of about – 500 MPa in rolling direction. However, even in normal direction there are significant tensile residual microstresses, indicating that the morphology of the lamellar microstructure cannot be properly described as a “sandwich structure”. Neutron diffraction was also used during an in-situ tensile test to estimate the microstress level in the cementite phase. The combination of neutron and X-ray diffraction allows to separate, near the surface, the residual phase microstresses from the macrostresses. The latter are also important in rolling direction and imply some risk of undesirable shape changes after forming operations.

Improvement in Drawability (r Value) of an Aluminum Alloy Subjected to Groove Pressing

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 1911-1916
Author(s):  
Ganesh Niranjan ◽  
Chakkingal Uday
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Drawing Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Shear Texture ◽  
Planar Anisotropy ◽  
Normal Anisotropy ◽  
X Ray

There is increasing interest in using Al alloy sheets for auto body applications. However Al alloys exhibit poor drawability as indicated by low values of the normal anisotropy, rm. Techniques for improving the value of rm rely on developing a favourable shear texture in the sheet. In this study, Al alloy AA 6061 sheets of dimensions 225 mm x 200 mm and 1 mm thick were subjected to severe plastic deformation by repeated groove pressing using a set of grooved and flat dies alternatively. The orientation of the grooves with respect to the rolling direction was also varied. Microstructure characterization and mechanical property measurements were carried out. X- ray diffraction scans were carried out to measure the relative intensities of the (111) and (200) peaks. The r values was measured as per ASTM standard E 517 on strip specimens cut at 0°, 45° and 90° to the rolling direction and the normal anisotropy value (rm) and planar anisotropy value (Δr) values were determined. The limiting drawing ratio (LDR) was determined using the Swift cupping test techniques. It was observed that the rm values increased from 0.72 in the as received condition to a maximum of 0.94 and the LDR increased from 1.93 to 2.06 when the groove pressing was carried out with grooves at to 45° the rolling direction. The improvement in rm values can be correlated to the texture developing in the sheet as a result of severe plastic deformation.

Texture and Microstructure Evolution of a Zirconium Alloy During Uniaxial Compression at 500°C

2013 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Honniball ◽  
Michael Preuss ◽  
David Rugg ◽  
Joao Quinta da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Normal Direction ◽  
Prismatic Slip ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
System A

The texture and microstructure evolution during uniaxial compression of Zircaloy-4 at 500C has been studied. X-ray diffraction was used to measure the bulk texture compressive after strains of 20% and 50%. Early stages of texture evolution involve the strengthening of the fibre through the action of prismatic slip. With further deformation, the basal poles move toward the rolling direction from the normal direction as a result of a non-prismatic slip system. A detailed EBSD study in a small region showed that the grains of the fibre are more stable than those of the fibre. The latter rotates further during deformation and shows a greater spread of grain average misorientation (GAM). This could be due to a greater accommodation of plastic strain in these grains and/or a difference in recovery rates between the two fibres.

Development of Intergranular Stresses in Zirconium Alloy Cladding Tubes: Experimental and Numerical Studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 524-525 ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gloaguen ◽  
Emmanuel Girard ◽  
Ronald Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Zirconium Alloy ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Transition Model ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Consistent Model ◽  
Anisotropic Plastic

Complementary methods have been used to analyse residual stresses in zirconium alloy tubes which were manufactured by cold rolling : X-ray diffraction and scale transition model. A modified elasto-plastic self-consistent model (EPSC) has been used to simulate the experiments and exhibits agreement with experimental data. X-ray diffraction analysis in rolling direction shows opposite stress values for {10 14 } and { 2022} planes respectively. The measured strains were generated by an anisotropic plastic deformation. Plastic incompatibility stress on X-ray measurements should be taken into account so as to make a correct interpretation of the experimental data.

scholarly journals X-ray Determination of Compressive Residual Stresses in Spring Steel Generated by High-Speed Water Quenching

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1154
Author(s):  
Diego E. Lozano ◽  
George E. Totten ◽  
Yaneth Bedolla-Gil ◽  
Martha Guerrero-Mata ◽  
Marcel Carpio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Chamber ◽  
Hardened Case ◽  
Compressive Residual Stresses

Automotive components manufacturers use the 5160 steel in leaf and coil springs. The industrial heat treatment process consists in austenitizing followed by the oil quenching and tempering process. Typically, compressive residual stresses are induced by shot peening on the surface of automotive springs to bestow compressive residual stresses that improve the fatigue resistance and increase the service life of the parts after heat treatment. In this work, a high-speed quenching was used to achieve compressive residual stresses on the surface of AISI/SAE 5160 steel samples by producing high thermal gradients and interrupting the cooling in order to generate a case-core microstructure. A special laboratory equipment was designed and built, which uses water as the quenching media in a high-speed water chamber. The severity of the cooling was characterized with embedded thermocouples to obtain the cooling curves at different depths from the surface. Samples were cooled for various times to produce different hardened case depths. The microstructure of specimens was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to estimate the magnitude of residual stresses on the surface of the specimens. Compressive residual stresses at the surface and sub-surface of about −700 MPa were obtained.

scholarly journals Zeolite NaP1 Functionalization for the Sorption of Metal Complexes with Biodegradable N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-D,L-aspartic Acid

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2518
Author(s):  
Dorota Kołodyńska ◽  
Yongming Ju ◽  
Małgorzata Franus ◽  
Wojciech Franus
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Modified Zeolite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizers ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The possibility of application of chitosan-modified zeolite as sorbent for Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), and Fe(III) ions and their mixtures in the presence of N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-D,L-aspartic acid, IDHA) under different experimental conditions were investigated. Chitosan-modified zeolite belongs to the group of biodegradable complexing agents used in fertilizer production. NaP1CS as a carrier forms a barrier to the spontaneous release of the fertilizer into soil. The obtained materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); surface area determination (ASAP); scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS); X-ray fluorescence (XRF); X-ray diffraction (XRD); and carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN), as well as thermogravimetric (TGA) methods. The concentrations of Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), and Fe(III) complexes with IDHA varied from 5–20 mg/dm3 for Cu(II), 10–40 mg/dm3 for Fe(III), 20–80 mg/dm3 for Mn(II), and 10–40 mg/dm3 for Zn(II), respectively; pH value (3–6), time (1–120 min), and temperature (293–333 K) on the sorption efficiency were tested. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin adsorption models were applied to describe experimental data. The pH 5 proved to be appropriate for adsorption. The pseudo-second order and Langmuir models were consistent with the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. The highest desorption percentage was achieved using the HCl solution, therefore, proving that method can be used to design slow-release fertilizers.

scholarly journals X-ray diffraction analysis of the structure and residual stresses of W/Cu multilayers

2006 ◽  
Vol 201 (7) ◽  
pp. 4372-4376 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Girault ◽  
P. Villain ◽  
E. Le Bourhis ◽  
P. Goudeau ◽  
P.-O. Renault
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Influence of Severe Plastic Deformation on Physicomechanical Properties of Ti-40 mas % Nb Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 525-529
Author(s):  
Zhanna G. Kovalevskaya ◽  
Margarita A. Khimich ◽  
Andrey V. Belyakov ◽  
Ivan A. Shulepov
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Alloy ◽  
Composition Structure

The changes of the phase composition, structure and physicomechanical properties of Ti‑40 mas % Nb after severe plastic deformation are investigated in this paper. By the methods of microstructural, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy it is determined that phase and structural transformations occur simultaneously in the alloy after severe plastic deformation. The martensitic structure formed after tempering disappears. The inverse α'' → β transformation occurs. The structure consisting of oriented refined grains is formed. The alloy is hardened due to the cold working. The Young modulus is equal to 79 GPa and it is less than that of initial alloy and close to the value obtained after tempering. It is possible that Young modulus is reduced by additional annealing.

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