How does film adaptation influence box office performance? An empirical analysis of science fiction films in Hollywood

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
Sunghan Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Original Novel ◽  
Film Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Box Office Performance

PurposeThis study aims to identify the factors that influence box office performance in the specific context of the adaptation of science fiction (SF) to film in Hollywood.Design/methodology/approachFifty-one film adaptation cases were collected and empirically analyzed with two-stage least-squares (2SLS) regression.FindingsEmpirical analysis demonstrates that the adaptation of the title, the popularity of the original novel and the director's experience in film adaptation have significant impacts on box office performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to the literature by bridging the gap between two separate streams of the research literature on film performance and film adaptation. Moreover, the study has extended the literature on the prediction of film performance by examining important factors in the special context of SF film adaptation.Practical implicationsIn the case of film adaptation, recruiting an experienced director will be a good choice. Author power is also required for attracting more investment and increasing audience share in the short term. From a marketing perspective, pointing out in the title that the film is an adaptation of an original novel would be an advantageous approach.Originality/valueThis is among the pioneering research related to the effects of film adaptation on box office performance. The approach and results of this study direct future studies in many aspects.

Winning box office with the right movie synopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chen Hung ◽  
Chong Guan
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Linguistic Cues ◽  
Box Office Performance

Purpose Consumers often search for movie information and purchase tickets on the go. A synopsis is often provided by producers and theatres in mobile apps and websites. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, little research has investigated whether the synopsis has an impact on a movie’s box office. This research uses computerized text analysis in examining the influence of linguistic cues of a synopsis on the movie’s financial performance. This paper aims to show that language choice in a synopsis is a significant factor in predicting box office performance. Design/methodology/approach A total usable sample of 5973 movies was collected using a web crawler. Computerised text analysis using linguistic inquiry and word count was adopted to analyse the movie synopses data. The empirical study comprises two phases. Phase 1 used exploratory factor analysis on 50 per cent of the sample (Sample 1) to establish the dimensionality of psychological processes as reflected in the linguistic expressions. The analysis identified 11 linguistic variables that loaded on four dimensions. The factor structure was replicated on an independent sample (Sample 2) using confirmatory factor analysis. Phase 2 tested the hypotheses using structure equation modelling. Findings Results show that consistency between movie genres and linguistic cues in a film synopsis promotes movie box office revenue when linguistic cues shown in the synopsis confirm a consumer’s expectancies about a focal movie genre. Conversely, a synopsis reduces the movie box office revenue when the linguistic cues shown disconfirm the genre-based expectancies. These linguistic cues exert similar effects on action and crime films but different effects on comedies and drama films. Research limitations/implications It is likely that consumer tastes and linguistic styles of film synopses have evolved over time. As a cross-sectional study, such changes were not taken into consideration in the current research. A longitudinal study in the future can reveal the dynamic relationship between film synopses and audience. Practical implications Managerially, the findings show that a synopsis is an effective communication touch point to position a movie. This research provides concrete guidelines in crafting synopses with the “rights words’ aligned with movie-goers’ expectations within each specific genre. Beyond movie consumption, the research findings can be applied to other entertainment products, such as TV series and books. Originality/value To our knowledge, this research is the first in studying the linguistic cues in synopses and its relation to box office performance. It addresses this knowledge gap by answering the basic question of whether movie synopses matter. Methodically, the paper marks the first attempt to use the two-step structural equation modelling method on computerised content analysis data.

‘This Was Never Meant to be a Game’: Rollerball’s Reception then and Now

Rollerball ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
Andrew Nette
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Reality Tv ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
Exploitation Film ◽  
Mainstream Science ◽  
Box Office Performance

This chapter focuses on Rollerball's reception, the immediate critical reaction and box office performance and more recent critical commentary. It studies how the publicity efforts of the film's distributor, United Artists (UA), helped to pump prime controversy over the film's violence. In the United States, at least, this overshadowed Norman Jewison's desire to make a picture critiquing corporate power and rising violence in sport, contributed to its poor critical reception as an exploitation film, and even fuelled short-lived speculation that Rollerball might become a real sport. The chapter then looks at the film's cultural influence, concluding with some brief remarks on Rollerball's place in the broader body of murder game films. This is a broad cinematic output that spans reality TV parodies, Italian exploitation cinema and B-movies, mainstream science fiction, and YA dystopian films.

Considering online consumer reviews to predict movie box-office performance between the years 2009 and 2014 in the US

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Han Hu ◽  
Wen-Ming Shiau ◽  
Sheng-Pao Shih ◽  
Cho-Ju Chen
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Box Office Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to combine basic movie information factors, external factors and review factors, to predict box-office performance and identify the most crucial factor of influence for box-office performance. Design/methodology/approach Five movie genres and first-week movie reviews found on IMDb were collected. The movie reviews were quantified using sentiment analysis tools SentiStrength and Stanford CoreNLP, in which quantified data were combined with basic movie information and external environment factors to predict movie box-office performance. A movie box-office performance prediction model was then developed using data mining (DM) technologies with M5 model trees (M5P), linear regression (LR) and support vector regression (SVR), after which movie box-office performance predictions were made. Findings The results of this paper showed that the inclusion of movie reviews generated more accurate prediction results. Concerning movie review-related factors, the one that exhibited the greatest effect on box-office performance was the number of movie reviews made, whereas movie review content only displayed an effect on box-office performance for specific movie genres. Research limitations/implications Because this paper collected movie data from the IMDb, the data were limited and primarily consisted of movies released in the USA; data pertaining to less popular movies or those released outside of the USA were, thus, insufficient. Practical implications This paper helps to verify whether the consideration of the features extracted from movie reviews can improve the performance of movie box-office. Originality/value Through various DM technologies, this paper shows that movie reviews enhanced the accuracy of box-office performance predictions and the content of movie reviews has an effect on box-office performance.

East Asian films in the European market: the roles of cultural distance and cultural specificity

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Haibo Raymond Pan ◽  
Nibing Zhu ◽  
Shaohan Cai
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Box Office Performance

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of cultural distance on foreign box office performance of East Asian cinematic production in European markets. Predicated on two dimensions of a film's cultural specificity, namely content- and aesthetics-based components, this research advances current knowledge on the moderating effects of cultural specificity.Design/methodology/approachThe authors compile a data set of 515 East Asian films released in European countries during the 2010–2018 period. Data are analyzed by hierarchical linear modeling.FindingsResults show that cultural distance plays a negative role in affecting foreign box office performance and that aesthetics specificity of films weakens such a relationship, while content specificity of films can further strengthen the relationship.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that cultural specificity is a crucial element and a relevant marketing tool in the cross-country film trade. Film producers and distributors need to consider both distribution strategy and intercultural context in order to align effectively with differing cultural distance and specificity.Originality/valueThis study proposes a new categorization framework of cultural specificity and demonstrates the moderating roles of content and aesthetics specificity on the relationship between cultural distance and films' foreign box office performance. It offers implications for both theory and practice in global film marketing and trade.

Predicting motion picture box office performance using temporal tweet patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najafi Hossein ◽  
Darryl W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Motion Picture ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Machine Learning Models ◽  
Box Office Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate temporal tweet patterns and their effectiveness in predicting the financial performance of a movie. Specifically, how tweet patterns are formed prior to and after a movie’s release and their usefulness in predicting a movie’s success is explored. Design/methodology/approach Volume was measured and sentiment analysis was performed on a sample of Tweets posted four days before and after the release of 86 movies. The temporal pattern of tweeting for financially successful movies was compared with those that were financial disappointments. Using temporal tweet patterns, a number of machine learning models were developed and their predictive performance was compared. Findings Results show that the temporal patterns of tweet volume, length and sentiment differ between “hits” and “busts” in the days surrounding their releases. Compared with “busts” the tweet pattern for “hits” reveal higher volume, shorter length, and more favourable sentiment. Discriminant patterns in social media features occur days in advance of a movie’s release and can be used to develop models for predicting a movie’s success. Originality/value Analysis of temporal tweet patterns and their usefulness in predicting box office returns is the main contribution of this research. Results of this research could lead to development of analytical tools allowing motion picture studios to accurately predict and possibly influence the opening night box-office receipts prior to the release of the movie. Also, the specific temporal tweet patterns presented by this work may be applied to problems in other areas of research.

From intuition to intelligence: a text mining–based approach for movies' green-lighting process

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongdae Kim ◽  
Youseok Lee ◽  
Inseong Song
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
New Product ◽  
Textual Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Box Office Performance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a predictive model for box office performance based on the textual information in movie scripts in the green-lighting process of movie production.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use Latent Dirichlet Allocation to determine the hidden textual structure in movie scripts by extracting topic probabilities as predictors for classification. The extracted topic probabilities are used as inputs for the predictive model for the box office performance. For the predictive model, the authors utilize a variety of classification algorithms such as logistic classification, decision trees, random forests, k-nearest neighbor algorithms, support vector machines and artificial neural networks, and compare their relative performances in predicting movies' market performance.FindingsThis approach for extracting textual information from movie scripts produces a valuable typology for movies. Moreover, our modeling approach has significant power to predict movie scripts' profitability. It provides a superior prediction performance compared to previous benchmarks, such as that of Eliashberg et al. (2007).Research limitations/implicationsThis work contributes to literature on predicting the box office performance in the green-lighting process and literature regarding suggesting models for the idea screening stage in the new product development process. Besides, this is one of the few studies that use movie script data to predict movies' financial performance by proposing an approach to integrate text mining models and machine learning algorithms with movie experts' intuition.Practical implicationsFirst, the authors’ approach can significantly reduce the financial risk associated with movie production decisions before the pre-production stage. Second, this paper proposes an approach that is applicable at a very early stage of new product development, such as the idea screening stage. The authors also introduce an online-based movie scenario database system that can help movie studios make more systematic and profitable decisions in the green-lighting process. Third, this approach can help movie studios estimate movie scripts' financial value.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few studies to forecast market performance in the green-lighting process.

scholarly journals Vulnerable adults in police custody

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Adults

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the recent National Appropriate Adult Network (NAAN) report on the role of the appropriate adult. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the NAAN report and a review of relevant policy and research literature. Findings There to Help 2 highlights that there are still significant gaps in the provision of appropriate adult schemes across England and Wales. These gaps potentially place vulnerable adults at increased risk. Originality/value This paper is a review of recent research.

scholarly journals Research and practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hepworth ◽  
Philipp Grunewald ◽  
Geoff Walton
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Behaviour ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Participative Approach ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Participative Design

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical discussion on the nature of research into people's information behaviour, and in particular the contribution of the phenomenological approach for the development of information solutions. Design/methodology/approach – The approach takes the form of a conceptual analysis drawing on the research literature and personal research experience. Findings – The paper brings to the foreground the relative value of different conceptual approaches and how these underpin and relate to the development of information solutions. Research limitations/implications – The paper, due to the breadth and complexity of the subject, serves to highlight key issues and bringing together ideas. Some topics deserve further explanation. However, this was beyond the scope of this paper. Practical implications – A conceptual framework is provided that indicates the value of the epistemic spectrum for information behaviour studies and provides support for action research and participative design. Social implications – Taking a phenomenological approach, and consequently either a first person approach and/or a highly participative approach to research, challenges the relationship between researcher and respondent. It also raises questions about why the authors conduct research and for whom it is intended. Originality/value – The paper makes explicit the underlying philosophical assumptions and how these ideas influence the way the authors conduct research; it highlights the significance of Cartesian dualism and indicates the significance of these assumptions for the development of information solutions. It supports the view that researchers and developers should be open to respondents leading the exploration of their needs.

Corporate governance, product market competition and firm performance: evidence from Iran

Humanomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Moradi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Bagherpour Velashani ◽  
Mahdi Omidfar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Product Market Competition ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Management Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Board Of Directors

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of product market competition and corporate governance on firm’s management performance in the Tehran Stock Exchange market. According to the research literature, the governance mechanisms used in this study consist of ownership structure, structure of the board of directors and capital structure. In addition, Herfindahl–Hirschman Index and market size were used to measure the product market competition. Design/methodology/approach This study used one selected sample among the firms in the capital market of Iran from 2004 to 2012. Findings The results of this study indicated that there is a significant relation among the major governance mechanisms (including ownership concentration, independence of the board of directors and debt ratio) and product market competition and management performance. The findings of this study also showed that product market competition is effective on the relation between corporate governance and the performance, and this is what has been ignored in most of the conducted studies. Originality/value In general, the results of this study supported the idea that product market competition is effective on implementation and efficiency of governance mechanisms.

Qualitative generalising in accounting research: concepts and strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1100-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee D. Parker ◽  
Deryl Northcott
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Information Systems Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Quality Of Research

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and articulate concepts and approaches to qualitative generalisation that will offer qualitative accounting researchers avenues for enhancing and justifying the general applicability of their research findings and conclusions. Design/methodology/approach – The study and arguments draw from multidisciplinary approaches to this issue. The analysis and theorising is based on published qualitative research literatures from the fields of education, health sciences, sociology, information systems, management and marketing, as well as accounting. Findings – The paper develops two overarching generalisation concepts for application by qualitative accounting researchers. These are built upon a number of qualitative generalisation concepts that have emerged in the multidisciplinary literatures. It also articulates strategies for enhancing the generalisability of qualitative accounting research findings. Research limitations/implications – The paper provides qualitative accounting researchers with understandings, arguments and justifications for the generalisability of their research and the related potential for wider accounting and societal contributions. It also articulates the key factors that impact on the quality of research generalisation that qualitative researchers can offer. Originality/value – This paper presents the most comprehensively sourced and developed approach to the concepts, strategies and unique deliverables of qualitative generalising hitherto available in the accounting research literature.

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