Fit for purpose? Lessons from transitional shelter provision for internally displaced persons in urban informal settlements in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 943-959
Author(s):  
Mirian Sayuri Vaccari ◽  
David Sanderson ◽  
Martin Loosemore ◽  
Mohammad Mojtahedi
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Urban Informal Settlements

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges of transitional shelter provision for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in urban informal settlements. While there has been considerable research on postdisaster transitional shelters, less is known on shelters for IDPs in urban informal settlements.Design/methodology/approachA case study is presented based on field research at the communities in Olaria and City in São Paulo, Brazil. Collection of data included personal communication with the dwellers, surveys and interviews with representatives from Techo, one of the few organizations that provide transitional shelters for IDPs. A review of documents regarding the construction, design and users' adaptation of transitional shelter was also undertaken. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis.FindingsThe study found that Techo's program impacts positively on the nonphysical aspects of shelter, such as physical and mental health, security, household responsibilities and community participation. However, Techo's transitional shelter for IDPs in urban informal settlements and most postdisaster transitional shelters share similar problems. These programs respond to the needs of a small proportion of the affected populations with shelters of minimum quality and low durability.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to a single case study of the NGO Techo and further case study research is recommended to further develop and validate the study results in other urban development contexts.Originality/valueThis research contributes to describing and understanding the context and the provision of transitional shelters to IDPs in urban informal settlements and impacts in the community. With increasing numbers of IDPs settling in urban informal settlements in many parts of the world, this paper is valuable to policymakers, NGOs and researchers operating in this field to facilitate community development.

scholarly journals Humanitarian logistics research for the care of refugees and internally displaced persons

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Oloruntoba ◽  
Ruth Banomyong
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Humanitarian Logistics ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced

PurposeThis “thought paper” is written by the special issue editors as a part of the five papers accepted and published in response to the special issue call for papers on logistics and SCM in the context of relief for refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in theJournal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the special issue on “refugee logistics” and analyse the nature and challenges of displacement from a displaced person’s perspective. The paper also argues for a more critical appreciation of the role and value that research in logistics, operations and supply chain management (LOSCM) can play in the delivery of services and care for refugees and IDPs from the perspective of preparedness and logistics planning of humanitarian organisations. The paper further outlines basic challenges to undertaking innovative, boundary pushing valuable and impactful research on “refugee logistics” given the difficult ideological, political and policy context in which “refugee logistics research” will be undertaken. The paper also advocates for more critical research in humanitarian logistics (HL), that explicitly acknowledges its ontological, epistemological and methodological limitations even when ethically sound. The paper concludes by suggesting a future research agenda for this new sub-field of humanitarian logistics research.Design/methodology/approachConceptual paper utilising viewpoints, literature reviews as well as original ideas and thoughts of the authors.FindingsThe new field of “refugee logistics research” is important. It has been neglected in humanitarian logistics research for too long. Hence, there needs to be more research in this sub-field of humanitarian logistics.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a “thought paper”. It is the basic conceptual ideas of the authors. While it is not based on empirical work or data collection, it is based on a comprehensive literature research and analysis.Social implicationsThis paper advocates for the universal human rights of IDPs and refugees and their dignity, and how LOSCM can contribute to upholding such dignity.Originality/valueIt contributes indirectly to logistics policy and refugee policy as well as logistics service quality and advocacy for human rights and human dignity.

Boko Haram tenacity exposes West African gaps

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electoral Politics ◽  
West African ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced

Significance Boko Haram violence affects thousands of people in Nigeria and neighbouring countries. The group appeared to be close to defeat in 2015, but violence has increased in recent months amid a factional split that increases rather than reduces the threat. Impacts The Boko Haram crisis will not fundamentally affect Nigeria's electoral politics in the lead-up to the 2019 poll. The regional humanitarian crisis will likely worsen further, with internally displaced persons (IDP) camps frequent targets of attack. Growing violence is nonetheless unlikely to disrupt life in Nigeria’s political and economic centres, such as Abuja and Lagos.

Africa may lead on displacement management

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Aid ◽  
International Community ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Sustained Development

Subject Protection for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Africa Significance Internal displacement is a growing problem -- both for the international community generally and in Africa specifically -- acting as a source of misery for millions of people, a barrier to sustained development and a driver of food insecurity. By the end of 2016, Africa was home to 12.2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs), 2.4 million of whom were newly displaced by conflict and violence and 1.1 million by disasters. IDPs have long been overlooked under international law, owing largely to sovereignty concerns. However, in recent years, African states have developed regional and domestic protections for IDPs that are looked upon as global exemplars. Impacts The dissemination of the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement could empower vulnerable African communities. Corporate and non-state bodies will increasingly embed IDP protection into their African operations. Despite better legislation, many states, who will largely depend on Western partners and international aid organisations, will neglect IDPs.

Developing an innovative business model for hospital services in Iran: a case study of Moheb Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Miremadi ◽  
Kamyar Goudarzi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Quality Health

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the role of hospital business models by examining the innovative business model of Moheb Hospitals, which have successfully achieved the goal of reducing costs and delivering high-quality health-care services in Iran by encouraging public–private partnership.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a single case study.FindingsThe study results illustrate the hospital’s current business model and its underlying elements. After presenting the findings, this paper is concluded by presenting the standing issues that should also be addressed and how improvements and adjustments can be made.Originality/valueThis study offers new insight to identify and analyze the shortcomings of health-care sector in Iran and introduces new methods to efficiently use current competencies.

scholarly journals The Responsibility to Protect Internally Displaced Persons in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Olivia Lwabukuna
Keyword(s):  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Durable Solutions

Abstract This article explores the responsibility to protect (R2P) as an organizing concept for preventing, addressing and finding durable solutions to internal displacement in Africa. While the most innovative norms for protecting the forcibly displaced have been conceptualized in Africa, they have not durably addressed displacement, due to limitations in implementation. R2P has similarly faced criticisms emanating from a lack of clarity and distrust. Restated norms underlying frameworks for internally displaced persons (IDPs) and R2P complement each other, and can be operationalized simultaneously through a more credible regional approach, to encourage effective protection of IDPs in Africa. The article explores pillar one, pillar two and the non-coercive elements of pillar three of R2P, and its underlying moral principles, using Kenya as a case study of the process of seeking to secure state responsibility for the protection of displaced civilians victimized by mass atrocities.

scholarly journals Displaced Sudanese Voices on Education, Dignity, and Humanitarian Aid

Refuge ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Friedrich W. Affolter ◽  
Carine Allaf
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Economic Survival ◽  
Sudanese Refugees

Education is viewed by Sudanese refugees and internally displaced persons as a key prerequisite for social status, prestige, socio-economic survival, and therefore human dignity. Using Sudan as a case study, the article demonstrates that humanitarian aid—which claims to ensure the basic conditions for a life with dignity—often attributes less importance to education than to other sectors such as water, nutrition, and health. Utilizing anecdotal evidence from internally displaced persons in conflict-affected regions of Sudan, this article illustrates that the humanitarian aid agenda fails to adequately address what their target population most demands: education.

scholarly journals The State of Internally Displaced Persons Camps in Nigeria: A Case Study of Durumi Camp in the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Askederin, F M
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Leadership Structure

This Investigation was conducted among a small group of IDP population living at the heart of Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, which is the capital city of Nigeria. The study was conducted to determine the living conditions of Internally Displaced Persons in the Camp and their access to basic amenities as action research. It was conducted through an unstructured interview of the sampled population in the Camp to source relevant information. Data was collected by taking notes and recording of interview sessions. Results revealed that 2830 individuals live in the camp, mostly in family units. IDPs in the camp come from the Northeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria in the states of Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe, with the majority of them from Borno state. They were all displaced as a result of insurgency. This IDP camp is organized with a leadership structure and defined system for the management of amenities such as the health clinic, water supply, allocation of shelter, and sharing of donated items received from philanthropists, the private sector, and other well-wishers. The camp has running water, a clinic for basic health care provision, a borehole, toilet facilities, a store for foodstuff and a security post within 500 metres to 1 kilometre of the Camp.

Sustainable development goals and reproductive healthcare rights of internally displaced persons in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhulika Sahoo ◽  
Jalandhar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reproductive Healthcare

Purpose The internally displaced persons (IDPs) are often overlooked population, falling between the cracks of international and national commitments. Displaced women and children go through more hardship than the male counterpart, as they are frequently at greater risk and do not get adequate access to the reproductive healthcare rights; they suffer from poor health amid threats of eviction. The purpose of this paper is to look into the IDPs reproductive healthcare situation in India and sustainable development goal (SDG) role in addressing the reproductive healthcare rights of the IDPs in India. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the available literature on reproductive rights of IDPs in India, analysis of the SDGs 3 and other legal safeguards. Findings The newly arrived IDPs in the camps have complex needs and health problems. They are susceptible to a number of health problems due to the exposure to physical and environmental threats, violence and trauma. Many of them face a loss of social networks and assets, knowledge and information in the new environment, and lack food security. They have inadequate shelter, healthcare services, sanitation and access to safe water. Research limitations/implications This is a viewpoint paper and most of the information in this paper are taken from different sources which are cited in the reference section. There is a lack of sufficient data on IDPs in India. Most of the IDPs figures/data are quoted from Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre and other literature. Practical implications To achieve the SDGs by 2030, India needs to take account of all people’s vulnerabilities to address their humanitarian and sustainable development needs. It is important that the development, humanitarian actors, along with the local communities, work collectively to respond to the health needs of the IDPs. Moreover, the active role of the government can provide the necessary assistance to guarantee the rights of IDPs health, adequate standard of living and to social security. Originality/value This paper highlights the reproductive healthcare rights of the IDPs in India and the challenges faced by them. It has analyzed the policy gaps. The paper also suggests few measures that can be undertaken to address those challenges under the SDGs.

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