Public Perceptions on Population: U.S. Survey Results

The Center for Biological Diversity conducted a paid, self-selected, national online survey on the knowledge, attitudes, behavioural intentions and norms around population growth to inform a theory of change that highlights education and reproductive healthcare as solutions. We surveyed 899 people across the US. The sample was recruited via MTurk and Survey Monkey was used to collect the data. Results were segmented by demographics to assist in building culturally sensitive, inclusive and effective campaigns advocating for rights-based solutions to population growth. Results demonstrated that the public draws a correlation between the number of people on the planet and the alarming rate of animal extinction.

PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DENGAN SENAM DYSMENORRHEA PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMA NEGERI I SINGKAWANG

Kesehatan remaja saat pandemik ini kurang mendapat perhatian, baik karena sistem pembelajaran yang sudah berubah. Siswa dan siswi cenderung untuk melakukan pembelajaran melalui online di rumah yang membuat keterbatasan gerak setiap harinya. Dampak dari hal tersebut salah satunya adalah pada Kesehatan reproduksi remaja putri khususnya adalah dysmenore atau nyeri saat menstruasi meningkat. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah pencegahan dan menurunkan intensitas nyeri, diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup para remaja putri di SMA Negeri I Singkawang. Melakukan program dengan pendampingan senam dysmenore melalui pelajaran Kesehatan jasmani atau olah raga selama satu bulan. Kegiatan diawali dengan penyuluhan Kesehatan reproduksi kepada remaja putri 63 siswi dan pendampingan melakukan senam dymenore minimal dua kali sebelum menstruasi berikutnya. Hasil pendampingan didapatkan dari 63 siswi, tingkat pengetahuan naik 80% dan penurunan tingkat nyeri sebelum dan setelah melakukan senam mayoritas berada pada skala nyeri ringan 68%. Pendampingan senam dysmenore bisa menjadi pilihan bagi para guru olah raga SMA dalam meningkatkan Kesehatan reproduksi remaja putri khususnya tentang dysmenore. Kata kunci : senam dysmenore, tingkat nyeri, remaja Abstract Adolescent health during pandemic is less attention, either because a learning system that has changed. The students tend to do learning online in limited activities for activity daily living. The impact of this, one is on reproductive healthcare adolescent girls especially dysmenorrhea or pain during menstruation was increased. The purpose of this activity is prevention and sent down, the intensity of pain needed to improve the quality of life the adolescent girls in government high school I at Singkawang. With assistance program through a lesson gymnastic dysmenorrhea health both physical or sporting during one month blended with sport subject at school. Counseling program was held about reproductive health to adolescent girls. Respondents 63 adolescent gilrs have pain during menstruation and given assistance do gymnastics at least twice before the next menstruation. The result shows that the knowledge getting up 80 % and decreasing level of pain before and after the majority, have mild pain 68% after intervention. Counselling program for the dysmenorrhea gymnastics is effective to improve of the quality of reproduction health in adolescents. Key words: dysmenorrhea gymnastic, level of pain, adolescent.

Decision-making for prenatal genetic screening: how will pregnant women navigate a growing number of aneuploidy and carrier screening options?

Background Prenatal genetic screens, including carrier screening (CS) and aneuploidy screening (AS), comprise an important component of reproductive healthcare delivery. Clinical practice guidelines emphasize the importance of informed decision-making and patient’s preferences regarding the use of these screens. Yet, it is unclear how to achieve this ideal as prenatal genetic screening options rapidly become more complex and increasingly available to patients. With increased complexity and availability of reproductive testing options, decision-support strategies are critical to prepare patients to consider AS and/or CS. Methods A self-administered survey evaluated knowledge and decision-making preferences for expanded carrier (CS) and aneuploidy (AS) prenatal screening. The survey was administered to participants before their first prenatal visit to assess baseline decision-making needs and preference at the initiation of prenatal care. Analysis was approached as a descriptive process. Results Participants had similar familiarity with the concepts associated with AS compared to CS; mean knowledge scores for CS was 0.59 [possible range 0.00 to 1.00] and 0.55 for AS. Participants reported preferences to learn about a range of conditions, including those with severe or mild impact, childhood-onset, and adult-onset. Decision-making preference with respect to learning about the associated disease phenotypes for the contained on AS and CS panel shifted with the complexity of the panel, with a greater preference to learn about conditions post-test compared pre-test education as panels increased from 5 to 100 conditions. Conclusion Patients’ baseline knowledge of prenatal genetic screens coupled with evolving decision-making preferences presents challenges for the delivery of prenatal genetic screens. This calls for the development and implementation of innovative approaches to support pregnant patients’ decision-making commensurate with advances in prenatal genomics.

Willing but Unable: Physicians' Referral Knowledge as Barriers to Abortion Care

Abortion care is a crucial part of reproductive healthcare. Nevertheless, its availability is constrained by numerous forces, including care referrals within the larger healthcare system. Using a unique study of physician faculty across multiple specialties, we examine the factors associated with doctors' ability to refer patients for abortion care among those who were willing to consult in the care of a patient seeking an abortion (N=674). Even though they were willing to refer a patient for an abortion, half (53%) of the physicians did not know how and whom to make those referrals, though they care for patients who may need them. Those with the least referral knowledge had not been taught abortion care during their medical training and were in earlier stages of their career than those who had more knowledge. This research exposes another obstacle for those seeking an abortion, a barrier that would be overcome with a clear and robust referral system within and across medical specialties.

A trans-national examination of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abortion requests through a telemedicine service

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is limiting access to reproductive healthcare worldwide. Substantial research gaps remain regarding the impact of the pandemic on access to abortion care.MethodsWe performed a cohort analysis of abortion requests made through the telemedicine abortion service Women on Web (WoW) between 18 March 2020 and 4 May 2020. We used binary logistic regression analyses to test the association between COVID-19 as a reason for the help request and reporting having had an ultrasound to determine gestation and/or use of contraception. A subanalysis of Italy, Argentina, Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was executed to explore differences between countries.ResultsOf requests made during the study period, 43.5% (n=1972) were COVID-19-related. A negative association was found with having had an ultrasound to determine gestation length and COVID-19-related requests. Italy had the highest percentage (66.5%, n=117) of COVID-19-related requests in the subanalysis, followed by Argentina (55.3%, n=68), Malaysia (51.9%, n=41) and the UAE (44.4%, n=75).ConclusionsAlmost half the women and pregnant people having an abortion through WoW reported experiencing obstacles to abortion care because of COVID-19. Abortion guidelines should be updated to permit abortion services via telemedicine. This is especially urgent during the ongoing pandemic.

Ethical and Global Health Perspectives on Obstetric Healthcare and Safe Abortions in Refugee and Internally Displaced Populations

Statement of Significance Literature demonstrates women living in poverty in remote areas are less likely to receive adequate health care, particularly in regard to obstetrics and gynecology. Lack of medical care during childbirth is associated with significant maternal mortality due to otherwise readily prevented or treated causes. While reproductive healthcare for women in all 'developing nations' merits consideration, this catch-all term for under-resourced regions obscures disproportionate burdens faced by a heterogeneous collection of communities facing disparate barriers to health care. Displaced women, both externally as refugees or within their nation of origin, face maternal morbidity and mortality rates at nearly twice the world average. Displaced women and those in countries deemed as undergoing a humanitarian crisis, represent the majority of all maternal deaths—both globally and among developing nations. This article considers the current state of women's health in displaced populations. Data on morbidity, mortality, and disparities in reproductive health demonstrate a violation of their human rights as defined by well-established ethical paradigms and international declarations. The onus of guaranteeing human rights to reproductive health falls well within the purview of the international medical community. Medical providers and medical organizations have a responsibility to recognize and amend these disparities and this article concludes by offering practical approaches toward this end.