Mainstreaming DRM into subnational development policies in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-827
Author(s):  
Valeria Maurizi ◽  
Adelfo Santis de la Torre ◽  
Luis Mauricio Escalante Solís ◽  
Ana Luisa Quezadas Barahona ◽  
Gontrán Villalobos Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Public Policy Instruments

PurposeThe present study proposes the analysis of DRM strategies that had been implemented into subnational development plans and public policy instruments in the States of Chiapas and Tabasco, located in Southeast Mexico. It describes the methodological phases for the implementation of those strategies and the participatory process, with a multi-level approach, carried out with multiple stakeholders and UNDP advisory.Design/methodology/approachFor this research, two case studies were developed to highlight the factors which make successful DRM in development plans and policies. It included the compilation and review of documents generated by UNDP-PMR program on the mainstreaming process in the past four years, interviews with key actors in the states of Chiapas and Tabasco, such as governmental officers, national and international ONG's, UN agencies and rural communities' leaders.FindingsThe review of these case studies demonstrate that for developing countries like Mexico, the process to strengthening institutions setting, needs being present in the field and creating alliances and synergies to generate advocacy processes from a capacity development approach. Having not only an output approach in projects but also mainly an impact strategy, both at the local and the sectoral levels, along with a mid-term timeline and budget, are some of the hallmarks of UNDP-PMR program work.Originality/valueThis study showed two original experiences of mainstreaming DRM into subnational development policies in high risk contexts. These experiences had the participation of multiple stakeholders from local governments and communities. Nowadays, these two experiences are being implemented in the territories despite political administration changes in the last years.

The role of individual adaptive practices for sustainable adaptation

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Wamsler ◽  
Ebba Brink
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the strategies used by Swedish citizens to adapt to changing climate variability and extremes. There is an increasing consensus that individual adaptive capacities are critical to successfully adapt to climate change and achieve sustainable development. However, little is known about individual adaptive practices, particularly in developed countries. Design/methodology/approach – The study covered a variety of geographical areas and included single-case studies of specific locations, cross-case studies and country-wide studies. Data were collected through literature review, interviews with at-risk people, observation and group discussions with municipal staff. Findings – The paper provides an overview of Swedish citizens’ adaptive practices and highlights how institutional development efforts affect individuals and their activities, including the equitable distribution of adaptation needs and resources. The paper concludes that individual adaptive capacities do not necessarily translate into adaptation. Practical implications – The results show that planned interventions are required. They emphasise the importance of more people-oriented adaptation planning that fosters the sustainable transformation of cities, together with the role that South-North knowledge transfer can play in this context. Originality/value – The paper offers critical insights into the positive and negative effects of citizens’ adaptation strategies (based on criteria such as effectiveness, sustainability and equity), and it discusses their relevance in the formulation of development policies and programmes.

Rural realities

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Freeman ◽  
Sora Park
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Digital Inclusion ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Digital Exclusion

Purpose – This article explores challenges for rural Australian local governments during the transition to high-speed broadband infrastructure. Despite the National Broadband Network’s promised ubiquitous connectivity, significant access discrepancies remain between rural and urban areas. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical findings are drawn from a full-day workshop on digital connectivity, which included participants from seven rural local governments in New South Wales, Australia. Thematic analysis of the workshop transcript was undertaken to extrapolate recurring nuances of rural digital exclusion. Findings – Rural communities face inequitable prospects for digital inclusion, and authorities confront dual issues of accommodating connected and unconnected citizens. Many areas have no or poor broadband access, and different digital engagement expectations are held by citizens and local governments. Citizens seek interactive opportunities, but rural authorities often lack the necessary resources to offer advanced participatory practices. Research limitations/implications – While this research draws from a small sample of government officials, their insights are, nonetheless, heuristically valuable in identifying connectivity issues faced in rural Australia. These issues can guide further research into other regions as well as civic experiences of digital inclusion. Practical implications – There is a need to reconceive Australia’s current policy approach to broadband. Greater rural digital inclusion may be achieved by focusing on connectivity as a public interest goal, targeting infrastructure developments to suit local contexts and implementing participatory digital government practices. Originality/value – The actions suggested would help ensure equity of digital inclusion across Australian municipal areas. Without such changes, there is a risk of rural citizens facing further marginalisation through digital exclusion.

A Comparison of Resource Equalization Processes for Subnational Rural Governance and Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 2140-2172
Author(s):  
Tony Jackson ◽  
Etienne Nel ◽  
Sean Connelly
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Governance ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Regional Development Policies

This chapter examines issues of resource equalization for subnational rural governance and development in case studies of England, Scotland, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The aim is to consider the extent to which each case study has provided the pre-requisites for adopting the “new rural paradigm” identified by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development for governance and development of rural communities. Neither federal nor unitary forms of governance in the case studies satisfactorily meet these requirements. The only case study that approaches the paradigm is Scotland, where recent devolution of governance has strengthened long-standing adherence to territorial-based regional development policies.

scholarly journals Place-Based Policies for Sustainability and Rural Development: The Case of a Portuguese Village “Spun” in Traditional Linen

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasta ◽  
Figueiredo ◽  
Valente ◽  
Vihinen ◽  
Nieto-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Rural Development Policies

In recent decades, European rural development policies have transitioned toward a more place-based approach. This claim rests on the assumption that the diversity of resources within rural areas can be a potential source for place-shaping practices and sustainability. Moreover, this shift away from a top-down sectorial toward a more territorial focus has also shed light on the importance of agency, relations, and how people engage. Many rural areas in Europe, and particularly in Portugal, have seen a withdrawal of focus away from agriculture toward more diversified activities, where place-based approaches can untap local potential, stimulate sustainable place-shaping practices, and create significant well-being. However, some rural communities have difficulties in capitalizing on them due to unfavorable demographics such as depopulation and aging, a focus on traditional industries, and a lack of technical knowledge. The aim of the article is to discuss the role of place-based policies for enabling place-shaping practices revolving around traditional resources in rural areas and their contribution to sustainability. The study briefly highlights the recent debate around European rural development policies and illustrates their implementation through place-shaping practices via a case study in a Portuguese rural village—Várzea de Calde. The village revalorized itself and is trying to tackle marginalization processes through its traditional linen, which is a local material and immaterial resource, via collective agency and a strong sense of identity. The case study will provide empirical insights in discussing the effects of sustainable place-shaping practices stimulating by place-based policy instruments. Our conclusions highlight the positive contributions toward sustainability through improvements in social (e.g., identity) and economic well-being.

A Comparison of Resource Equalization Processes for Subnational Rural Governance and Development

2017 ◽  
pp. 117-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Jackson ◽  
Etienne Nel ◽  
Sean Connelly
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Governance ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Regional Development Policies

This chapter examines issues of resource equalization for subnational rural governance and development in case studies of England, Scotland, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The aim is to consider the extent to which each case study has provided the pre-requisites for adopting the “new rural paradigm” identified by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development for governance and development of rural communities. Neither federal nor unitary forms of governance in the case studies satisfactorily meet these requirements. The only case study that approaches the paradigm is Scotland, where recent devolution of governance has strengthened long-standing adherence to territorial-based regional development policies.

Impact sourcing for employment of persons with disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-380
Author(s):  
Katsuo Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Using case studies of business process outsourcing enterprises in India, this study aims to discuss how impact sourcing is used to provide employment opportunities to persons with disabilities (PWDs) and summarizes the business factors associated with successful impact sourcing for PWDs. Design/methodology/approach The effect of impact sourcing on the employment of PWDs is a newly emerging phenomenon, and this study focuses on the impact-sourcing mechanism and investigates whether such sourcing contributes to promoting PWD employment in India. It does so by examining the business model characteristics of organizations through case studies. Findings The results show that effective training systems and operational styles enable continuous market competitiveness for social enterprises. The case studies also demonstrate that it is possible to expand businesses by transferring and replicating management know-how through an organization’s operating model. It also highlights the catalytic role of impact sourcing service providers in promoting formal PWD employment in a labor market where the informal economy is dominant. Central and local governments’ support for social enterprises may promote formal employment of PWDs, an internationally-recognized goal. Originality/value Impact sourcing for PWDs is an emerging field. This study offers a new contribution to existing work integration social enterprises literature by providing new insight into effective ways of achieving employment for PWDs through outsourcing business. This study highlights the important role of social enterprises in achieving formal employment of PWDs.

Towards a Global Model of Accounting Education

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Watty ◽  
Satoshi Sugahara ◽  
Nadana Abayadeera ◽  
Luckmika Perera ◽  
Jade McKay
Keyword(s):  
Global Convergence ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Global Model ◽  
Accounting Education ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Professional Programs ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Development Approach

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the accounting education systems in three countries – Australia, Japan and Sri Lanka – to inform the development and testing (by application) of a Global Model of Accounting Education. Design/methodology/approach – An action research methodology is applied with a case study and model development approach. Findings – The case studies reveal variations in accounting education systems, which exist across the three countries examined in this research. Key differences (some significant and others nuanced) were found between accounting education systems and include: entry requirements to professional programs; accreditation processes; and benchmark discipline standards. These differences are provided for in the questions that underpin the model developed and applied as a key part of the research. Practical implications – This model is presented as a tool to assist interested parties in any country to take initial steps to identify their own unique system of accounting education. It may also be of particular use in those countries in the early stages of developing an accounting education system. This understanding of accounting education systems enhances the opportunity for global convergence of accounting education. Originality/value – The model, informed by the case studies, is an original contribution to the literature and discussions around global convergence in accounting education. The model is designed for practical application and the value is that it provides an important starting point for considering issues of importance in the development of a system of accounting education, and/or, better understanding the similarities and differences across existing systems.

scholarly journals A disaster resilient built environment in urban cities

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamindi Malalgoda ◽  
Dilanthi Amaratunga
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
National Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – This research aims at making recommendations to empower the Sri Lankan local governments in creating a disaster resilient built environment. Disasters make a huge impact on the built environment. In turn, failure of the built environment can create significant impacts on social and economic activities. Thus, when moving towards safer cities, it is important to develop the built environment in such a way that it can withstand threats posed by natural disasters. Various stakeholders need to get involved in the process of making a disaster resilient built environment, of which the local governments need to play a critical role, as they are the closest government body to the local community. However, local governments are facing a number of challenges in responding to city resilience activities. Design/methodology/approach – The research adopts case studies as its research strategy and investigates three cities in Sri Lanka which are potentially vulnerable to disasters. A number of expert interviews have also been conducted to supplement the case study findings. Findings – The paper presents the challenges faced by the Sri Lankan municipalities in creating a disaster resilient built environment and provides recommendations to empower municipalities to effectively contribute to city resilience. The paper suggests amending policies related to establishment of municipal councils and disaster management to provide more authoritative powers for municipalities to effectively engage in city resilience building. Findings also revealed the importance of addressing financial and human resource issues, which were the main drivers of hindrance. Furthermore, all relevant urban development plans, risk maps, disaster resilient planning, construction and operation guidelines and resilient land use practices need to be integrated into existing planning and building regulations, and proper monitoring and control mechanisms have to be established to ensure compliance with the regulations. In doing so, it is important to raise awareness of council officials of disaster risks and resilient practices by way of organising educational programmes such as seminars and workshops. It is also suggested that municipal officials should be involved in national-level decision-making with regard to their local areas and to establish proper communication channels to exchange decision and information related to city resilience. Research limitations/implications – The paper is based on case studies in three cities and a number of expert interviews, which are limited to the Sri Lankan context. Inputs from other cities from developed countries may further validate the recommendations. Originality/value – The paper highlights the challenges faced by the local governments in creating a disaster resilient built environment within Sri Lankan cities and provides recommendations as to how the local governments could be empowered in creating a disaster resilient built environment within cities.

The advocacy-growth nexus: the case of the Egyptian banking sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-295
Author(s):  
Monal Adel Abdel-Baki
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Crony Capitalism ◽  
Institutional Activism ◽  
Public Policy Instruments ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The Egyptian banking sector has acted as an arena for multiple alliances, some of which bred crony capitalism and others acted as growth alliances. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of private sector advocacy in the Egyptian banking sector on macroeconomic performance, with the prime aim of designing an Egyptian-centric roadmap outlining precepts of good advocacy between bankers, policymakers and businesses. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses a two-stage model. In the first stage an advocacy construct is developed using confirmatory factor analysis. In the second stage the relationship between advocacy and macroeconomic growth is measured by running a set of parsimonious regressions. Findings – The empirical results show a strong relationship between advocacy and growth, albeit not on inflation rates, suggesting that an innovative set of public policy instruments is needed to promote private advocacy efforts and to institutionalise private-public partnerships. This is an innately pressing mission for the new government to mitigate the impact of the double-digit inflation that has prevailed since the Triple-F – food, fuel and finance – Crisis of 2006. Practical implications – The ousted Egyptian government failed to protect its citizens from crony alliances and corruption, be it abuse of public resources or unfair access to bank credit. Hence, the prime aim is to design a future roadmap for the endorsement of effective growth alliances between businesses, bankers and policymakers. The recommendations proposed by this study would prove helpful to future public policymakers in the fulfilment of the macroeconomic aspirations of the Egyptian society as well as to other emerging and developing nations that share similar problems. Social implications – The research addresses how reforms can be designed in an egalitarian fashion to direct credit to growth enhancing and job-generating sectors since a prompt treatment of these problems at their roots is apt to minimise the probabilities of future social turmoil. This is apt to assist the Egyptian people to transition to a truly democratic society and to convert street rebellions into inclusive institutional activism. Originality/value – This paper adds to the literature a measurable construct gauging the relationship between advocacy in the banking sector and growth. Another contribution is the set of policies proposed to institutionalise rightful advocacy efforts.

scholarly journals A Tale of Two Countries: An International Perspective on Non-Traditional Special Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 875687052098229
Author(s):  
Elif Tekin-Iftar ◽  
Bree A. Jimenez ◽  
Hatice Deniz Degirmenci
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
State And Local

A global perspective of education, special education, rural communities, and non-traditional instruction is provided for two countries. Both Turkey and Australia have responded to the COVID-19 global pandemic in similar yet, different ways. Through the tale of two countries navigating the rapid response to school closure for students with disabilities, we all can gain understanding from examining strategies used by national, state, and local governments; school systems; and support agencies. From these strategies, we can determine effective and efficient models moving forward that support all students (e.g., students with mental health and medical needs) through non-traditional education during natural disasters, pandemics, or unexpected events

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