Constructing the Norm-critical awareness scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellinor Tengelin ◽  
Christina Cliffordson ◽  
Elisabeth Dahlborg ◽  
Ina Berndtsson
Keyword(s):  
Summary Score ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Critical Awareness ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Healthcare Inequity ◽  
Broad Dimension ◽  
Item Scale

PurposeHealthcare professionals’ conscious or unconscious norms, values and attitudes have been identified as partial explanations of healthcare inequity. Norm criticism is an approach that questions what is generally accepted as “normal” in society, and it enables professionals to identify norms that might cause prejudice, discrimination and marginalisation. In order to assess norm-critical awareness, a measurement scale is needed. The purpose of this paper is to develop a scale for measuring norm-critical awareness.Design/methodology/approachThe scale-development process comprised a qualitative item-generating phase and a statistical reduction phase. The item pool was generated from key literature on norm criticism and was revised according to an expert panel, pilot studies and one “think aloud” session. To investigate the dimensionality and to reduce the number of items of the scale, confirmatory factor analysis was performed.FindingsThe item-generation phase resulted in a 46-item scale comprising five theoretically derived dimensions revolving around function, consequences, identity, resistance and learning related to norms. The item-reduction phase resulted in an instrument consisting of five dimensions and 20 items. The analyses indicated that a summary score on the scale could be used to reflect the broad dimension of norm-critical awareness.Originality/valueThe Norm-critical awareness scale comprises five theoretically derived dimensions and can be used as a summary score to indicate the level of norm-critical awareness in educational contexts. This knowledge is valuable for identifying areas in greater need of attention.

Homesickness: a comparative study of defense and civilian employees and individual differences

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naval Garg ◽  
B.K. Punia ◽  
Vanshikha Kakkar ◽  
Sarika Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Civilian Employees

Purpose Most of the studies in the field of homesickness are confined to students; this study aims to explore the feeling of homesickness among working professionals. Also, it tends to examine individual differences in the experience of homesickness across employees of different gender, ages, experience, family type, etc. The study also aspires to compare homesickness among military and civil employees. Design/methodology/approach The study explores five dimensions of homesickness, namely, missing family, missing friend, rumination about home, feeling lonely and adjustment problems. The collected data is subjected to reliability, validity and confirmatory factor analysis. Further, t-test and analysis of variance are used to explore homesickness differences across soldiers and corporate employees. Findings The study reveals that homesickness is significantly higher for employees in the male, unmarried, nuclear family, above the age of 45 years, and below the graduation category. Also, defense people experience more homesickness than civilian employees. Originality/value This study is one of the pioneer studies that compare homesickness among defense and civilian employees. Also, variables such as type of family, the experience of employees and marital status have hardly been explored in the literature of homesickness.

The relational capital of the IT department

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Zardini ◽  
Francesca Ricciardi ◽  
Cecilia Rossignoli
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Level ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Strategic Value ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
It Department

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on how the relational capital of the information technology (IT) department creates value in organizations. In addition, the paper presents a multi-dimensional scale to measure and manage relational capital in the IT department. Design/methodology/approach – In the first, explorative phase of the study, interviews and focus groups were conducted in order to develop a new measurement scale, which was subsequently tested through a survey questionnaire (212 respondents). Findings – This research suggests that the relational capital of the IT department is a very important resource for the creation of strategic value. The statistical analysis conducted for this study confirmed the validity and reliability of the novel scale developed to measure this resource. Finally, thanks to factor analysis, five dimensions for the scale were identified. Research limitations/implications – Data were collected in northern Italy only. Further studies are advisable to confirm the validity of the constructs and scale. Practical implications – The questionnaire presented in this study can be used to monitor the effectiveness of the interactions between the IT department and the other key actors involved in IT-enabled innovation. The adoption of this scale and its possible adaptation to specific, evolving business contexts may enhance the practitioner’s understanding of the role of relational capital in the value creation process. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the “third stage” of intellectual capital research by concentrating on an intra-organizational level of analysis, which has been overlooked in the literature to date.

Prodigality in Islamic lifestyle: a new scale development

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
hossein emari
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Schools ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Item Scale

Purpose – This study aims to propose a new construct – prodigality and develop a measurement scale to support the construct. Design/methodology/approach – Combining the paradigms of Churchill, Malhotra and Birks, the item generation and content validity yielded the development of a modified scale. Three main steps in assessment of the scale: dimensional structure, reliability and validity led to the development of a prodigality scale. A total of 32 items were generated, through assessing Qur’anic verses that are related to Muslim consumption patterns linked to in Islam. Findings – In total, 23 items remained after content validity. A pre-test using exploratory factor analysis on the 23-item scale created a two-factor scale. According to extracted validity and reliability scores, prodigality scale was statistically supported. A pool of nine items is proposed for the eventual measurement of the prodigality. Research limitations/implications – The proposed measurement scale warrants further exploratory study. Future research should assess the validity across different Muslim geographies and Islamic schools of thought and practice. Originality/value – Prodigality is proposed as a new construct that focuses primarily on the Qur’an and seeks to achieve relevance and acceptance by both Sunni and Shia denominations. The measurement scale is believed to extend the existing body of literature and contribute new knowledge on Muslim consumption.

Musical intelligence: explication, measurement, and implications for consumer behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijaykumar Krishnan ◽  
Karen A. Machleit ◽  
James J. Kellaris ◽  
Ursula Y. Sullivan ◽  
Timothy W. Aurand
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Commercial Music ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Musical Intelligence ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Sonic Branding

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to develop and test a psychometrically valid scale for musical intelligence as an individuating variable. This scale can elicit individual differences on reactions to sonic branding stimuli such as audio logos, radio jingles and commercial music. Design/methodology/approach – A two-step confirmatory factor analysis followed by structural equation modeling was used to develop and test the scale. Data were collected across three studies consisting of 470 participants. The scale was developed and nomologically validated. Findings – Findings suggest that musical intelligence discriminates reactions to music as evidenced by the three component conceptualization of musical intelligence. Originality/value – This study offers an original, three-component conceptualization of musical intelligence, proposes a measurement scale and then presents evidence of construct validity. Finally, the paper discusses potential applications of the scale in personality research.

On the road to happiness at work (HAW)

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Salas-Vallina ◽  
Álvaro López-Cabrales ◽  
Joaquin Alegre ◽  
Rafael Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Learning Conditions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Construct ◽  
On The Road

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership (TFL), organizational learning capability (OLC) and happiness at work (HAW), and offers a new measure for HAW. Design/methodology/approach The authors used confirmatory factor analysis to test the theoretical model in order to check the psychometric properties of HAW. They examined a sample of 167 medical staff working in allergy units, which represents a response rate of 25 per cent. Findings The research showed that HAW can be measured using the proposed new measurement scale, and that TFL predicts HAW through the mediating role of OLC. Practical implications The results suggest that hospital managers and heads of allergy services should consider the effects of TFL, under certain learning conditions, to enhance HAW. Originality/value This research is the first that examines the effects of TFL and OLC on HAW, a higher order construct that has been implemented closely following previous research.

The riddle of self-centered leadership in Arab organizations: a measurement scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-459
Author(s):  
Hisham Hamid Hawass
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
International Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
The Self ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a scale to empirically measure the self-centered leadership SCL pattern in Arab organizations. Design/methodology/approach This paper depends on two Egyptian samples. It has conducted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and multiple regression analyses to generate the proposed SCL measurement scale. Findings The analyses have revealed that the new measurement scale is valid and reliable. They have also confirmed the multidimensional structure of the self-centered leadership construct. Originality/value The Arab leadership literature is in short of scales which take into consideration the specialties of the Arab cultures. Therefore, this study fills a lacuna in international research which examines Arab leadership behaviors from a culture-bound perspective.

Development and validation of counterproductive work behaviour instrument

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-763
Author(s):  
Khahan Na-Nan ◽  
Peerapong Pukkeeree ◽  
Ekkasit Sanamthong ◽  
Natthaya Wongsuwan ◽  
Auemporn Dhienhirun
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Counterproductive Work Behaviour ◽  
Development And Validation

Purpose Counterproductive work behaviour (CWB) is a type of behaviour of an individual that works against an organisation or employer, and he/she is usually discretionary (i.e. individuals make conscious choices as to whether they want to commit aberrant work behaviour). To deal with CWB in different contexts, organisations need to both understand and continually measure their employees in terms of behaviour and work. This study aims to develop an instrument to measure CWB for small and medium-sized enterprises in Thailand. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in three stages to develop a measurement scale for CWB. First, 27 questions were developed as a questionnaire based on concepts and theories of CWB and then verified using exploratory factor analysis with three CWB dimensions, namely “poor behaviour”, “misuse of organisational resources” and “inappropriate communication”. The questionnaire surveyed a total of 386 individuals working in SMEs. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and convergent validity were examined following the three CWB dimensions. Findings Three dimensions were developed to measure CWB, including aspects of poor behaviour, misuse of organisational resources and inappropriate communication. Practical implications The CWB questionnaire has practical use for assessing employee behaviour and can assist organisations and practitioners to better understand the CWB of employees. This know-how will help practitioners to assess employee behaviour and can be used to manage or develop this into good behaviour as valued members of the organisation. Originality/value The validity of the CWB questionnaire questions will facilitate the future research on the boundaries with CWB assessments spanning different SMEs contexts. Empirical study results validated that CWB measurement offered new perspectives to explore vital employee behavioural deviation that are necessary for the inspection employee behavioural deviation. This instrumental support will also help researchers to effectively understand CWB and explore its potential in future studies.

A multi-dimensional construct of perceived information pollution in the era of rife infollution

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Iqbal ◽  
Shaohua Yang ◽  
Rashid Nawaz ◽  
Khalid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Mixed Method Design

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate employee’s perception regarding information pollution and determined the factors that lead to perceived infollution. In the case of this study, a four-dimensional scale of perceived infollution is presented. In addition, this study quantified information pollution in contrast to using the measurement tools of information quality. Design/methodology/approach A sequential exploratory mixed-method design was used to validate the measurement scale. The population of the present study comprised of the employees who work in the operations and credit department of banking sector. In this study, a four-dimensional second-order scale of perceived information pollution with a total of 19 items or sub-dimensions managed to be developed using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings The measurement scale confirmed that perceived information pollution in the context of workplace environment consisted of four dimensions, namely, intrinsic PIP, accessible PIP, contextual PIP and representational PIP where PIP stands for Perceived Information Pollution. Research limitations/implications Management may use the four dimensions as a benchmark in revealing polluted information as well as enhancing information quality through information processing. Originality/value This is the first attempt of exploring the dimensions and validating the measurement scale of perceived infollution.

Scale to measure tourist value of destination restaurant service

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 2827-2844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Og Yeon Kim ◽  
Sunhee Seo ◽  
Vieta Annisa Nurhidayati
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Restaurant Managers ◽  
Initial Item ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a measurement scale to explain how international tourists, as consumers at destination restaurants, evaluate their dining experiences. Design/methodology/approach The measurement scale was developed using a three-stage process: initial item generation, scale development and scale evaluation. A total of 369 self-administered questionnaires validated the developed scale. Findings The results showed five dimensions of value of destination restaurant services: service quality value, authentic experience value, emotional experience value, social value and utility value. The scale, comprising 40 items, was reliable and valid for assessing the value of destination restaurant services. Research limitations/implications This scale revealed new items that help explain the value of various destination restaurant services among international tourists. The developed scale could be used to extend the research model with antecedents of value and consequences of value for destination restaurant services. Practical implications Considering the popularity of food tourism among international tourists, the developed scale should be useful in assessing how tourists value destination restaurant services, thereby helping restaurant managers create effective marketing strategies. Originality/value This study contributes with a new, reliable and valid measurement scale that was specifically developed to address the unique value of destination restaurant services.

Perceived authenticity of social media influencers: scale development and validation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Ah Lee ◽  
Matthew S. Eastin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
Development And Validation

PurposePublic perceptions of the authenticity of social media influencers (SMIs) are a key driver of the latter's persuasiveness as brand endorsers. Despite its importance, no measurement scale currently exists for perceived authenticity of social media influencers (PASMIs). This prevents practitioners from effectively assessing consumers' perceptions of an influencer's authenticity prior to a potential partnership. To provide better guidance, this research develops and validates a scale of PASMI as well as examines the relationships between the underlying dimensions of the scale and key consumer behavior variables.Design/methodology/approachThe current research consists of two studies: the first study constructs a scale; the second validates it. In Study 1, items were generated from existing scales as well as from qualitative responses. These items were revised based on feedback provided by an independent group of reviewers. Furthermore, an online survey was conducted to purify the items. In Study 2, the scale was validated with a new sample.FindingsResults suggest that perceived SMI authenticity is a multidimensional construct consisting of sincerity, truthful endorsements, visibility, expertise and uniqueness. Each of the five dimensions has varying effects on consumers' evaluation of an SMI, willingness to follow an SMI, and intention to purchase products that SMIs recommend.Originality/valueThis research extends theoretical work on authenticity by developing and validating a scale as well as delving into the construct of perceived SMI authenticity. Practical implications are provided for marketers and SMIs.

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