Gender, family and business

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuguang Guo ◽  
Jon M. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Us ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between family responsibilities and family support, on the one hand, and decisions by men and women concerning owning a business, as well as how many hours they work in that business. Design/methodology/approach The authors used data collected by the US Current Population Survey between 1989 and 2011 and had a starting sample of 1,258,430 individuals, and a final sample of 27,147. Findings The authors found that both women and men are more inclined to own a business when they are married, have children or receive financial support from their spouse. They also found widespread gender differences in these analyses. The influence of family-related issues on owning a business is stronger for women than for men. Originality/value The findings indicate that male business owners work longer hours if they have young children. In contrast, female business owners reduce their work hours if they are married, have young children and receive support from their spouse. Implications are discussed.

A study of receiving money by issuing defective deposit receipts

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-476
Author(s):  
Chengjing You
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Severe Punishment ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Act ◽  
Severe Penalty

Purpose This paper aims to convict the offender of real concurrence offenses of the most severe offense and applying the most severe penalty will result in no distinction between the perpetrator who conducted more than one act and the one who conducted only one act. This approach deviates from the purpose of criminal law. The real concurrence of offenses means several offenses, the perpetrator’s dangerousness and culpability are much higher than the perpetrator who commits just one crime, so combined punishments for several offenses should be applied to the real concurrence of offenses. Design/methodology/approach If the depositors are acquaintances or relatives and friends, the relationship can be explained by “personality trust.” If the depositors are strangers, but they have complied with their duties of care, the deposit relationship can be explained by “system trust.” Findings The real concurrence of offenses means several offenses, the perpetrator’s dangerousness and culpability are much higher than the perpetrator who commits just one crime, so combined punishments for several offenses should be applied to the real concurrence of offenses. Originality/value The principle of choosing the most severe punishment applied to the real concurrence of offense should be abolished. As the perpetrator separately conducts two acts at different times, these acts infringe on different legal interests. Although these acts exist closely, the authors cannot deny that these acts constitute more than one offense.

The implementation of the fraud exception rule: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-993
Author(s):  
Zaid Aladwan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
Fraud Exception ◽  
Letters Of Credit ◽  
The One ◽  
Do So

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of the fraud exception rule and try to analyze the different approaches in regard to the implication of fraud rule in letters of credit. Further, this paper tries to explore if there is an obstacle when applying such exception rule in common law and whether there is an overlap with interpreting the said rule. The same fact appears in civil law courts as well. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a comparative study which uses analytical approach and critical legal thinking. Findings The scope of the fraud defence, the US legal systems demonstrate that the scope of the fraud rule is extended and covers both fraud in documents and fraud in the underlying contract, while in contrast, in UK the rule’s scope is restricted to fraud in documents only. Such an approach is reasonable, as it is justified by applying the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) rules strictly. That is to say, English courts apply the rules literally, even if it does not lead to fair judgements, while in contrast, American courts seek to enforce justice even if it goes beyond the rules. In any case, restricting the fraud exception to fraud in the documents is the proper approach. The reason for such restriction, on the one hand, is to maintain the integrity of letters of credit and, on the other hand, to affirm the autonomy principle. Originality/value Extending the scope of the fraud defence will require banks to go beyond the documents, which is not logical. Banks are neither expert in such transactions nor required to do so. Most importantly, banks are concerned with documents only; it is for the court to go beyond the documents. Although this approach could be criticized, it is important to ensure that the validity of the documentary credit instrument is not compromised. As established by academics, any argument need not engage the bank unless it is in respect of the presented documents. In short, “pay now, argue later” is paramount to distinguish parties’ litigations from banks vs parties’ litigations. In any case, it can be suggested that extending the fraud rule exception to include fraud in the underlying contract from Jordan perspective is not the proper one because it is necessary to maintain the integrity of letters of credit and to affirm the autonomy principle.

Ambidextrous leadership and organizational innovation: the importance of knowledge search and strategic flexibility

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqian Jia ◽  
Wenan Hu ◽  
Shuwen LI
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Strategic Flexibility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Knowledge Search ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ambidextrous Leadership

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the potential process through which leadership exerts impacts on organizational innovation. A thorough analysis was conducted by highlighting the contribution of ambidextrous leadership to organizational innovation. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from companies located in mainland China. A total of 200 cases were included in the final sample. Hierarchical regression analysis was adopted to test the hypotheses in this study. Findings The results showed that exploitation knowledge search and exploration knowledge search partly mediated the relationship between ambidextrous leadership and organizational innovation, respectively. Strategic flexibility could positively moderate the relationship between exploitation knowledge search and organizational innovation and had no significant impacts on moderating the relationship between exploration knowledge search and organizational innovation. Research limitations/implications In this study, not only were managers provided with a sophisticated understanding of how and when ambidextrous leadership could influence organizational innovation but also concrete strategies were given for enhancing organizational innovation. Originality/value In this study, the interaction among ambidextrous leadership, knowledge search and organizational innovation were elucidated and the moderating impacts of strategic flexibility on the relationship between knowledge search and organizational innovation were explored. The findings of this study enriched the literature on leadership, knowledge management and innovation.

All we need is trust: trust and human resource management

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviv Kidron ◽  
Shay S. Tzafrir ◽  
Ilan Meshoulam
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
The One ◽  
Formal Communication ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to reveal the necessary human resource management (HRM) teamwork processes for achieving HRM integration. Design/methodology/approach A research survey was carried out among 233 HRM professionals from 29 HRM teams. Findings The findings revealed significant correlation between formal HRM aspects of HRM teams (HRM goals and strategy, formal communication and formalization) and informal HRM aspects (perceived proximity and trust). Another significant correlation was found between trust and HRM integration. Also, trust fully mediated the relationship between informal communication and centralization, on the one hand, and HRM integration, on the other. Originality/value The study contributed to the understanding of formal and informal aspects of HRM team (HRMT) processes.

Global identity, perceptions of luxury value and consumer purchase intention: a cross-cultural examination

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Jieqiong Ma ◽  
Mark Arnold ◽  
Krittinee Nuttavuthisit
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Global Identity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose In today’s highly globalized marketplace, it is increasingly important to understand why some consumers prefer luxury goods. This study aims to further explore the relationship between consumers’ global identity, their perceived functional, individual and social value of luxury and their intentions to purchase luxury. Design/methodology/approach Samples from two substantially different cultures, the USA and China, were used to explore the proposed relationships in an intercultural context. Established scales were adapted to measure each of the constructs of interest. The final sample includes 295 US and 247 Chinese participants. Findings By using samples from the USA and China, this study finds that global identity is positively related to purchase intention of luxury products, mediated by perceived functional, individual and social value of luxury. Originality/value Drawing insights from self-verification theory, this research provides a three-path framework to expand the knowledge of consumers’ motivation to purchase luxury.

scholarly journals A study on the writing method of the history of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Route ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeExpanding the research on traditional history of economic ideology into the research on the history of economics composed of three elements – history of ideology, history of policies and events – is a new idea for researching the history of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. The start of the history of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is consistent with that of the Sinicization of Marxist political economy and can be dated from at least 1917.Design/methodology/approachThe key point of the research on the history of ideologies of the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is to treat the relationship between theory and people properly, i.e. we should not neglect the effect brought out by the economists on theory construction while we attach importance to the theoretical contribution of the leaders and leading group of the Communist Party of China (CPC).FindingsFor the research on the history of economic policies of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, on the one hand, we should clarify the relationship among ideologies, strategies and policies; on the other hand, we should not evade the summarization of lessons from history.Originality/valueBesides presenting the development route of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics under competition, the research on the events in the history of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics should also help develop the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.

The trade-off between knowledge exploration and exploitation in technological innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehong Li ◽  
Jun Lin ◽  
Wentian Cui ◽  
Yanjun Qian
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Effort Allocation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Knowledge Exploration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Learning

Purpose This study aims to clarify the effect of team effort allocation between knowledge exploration and exploitation on the generation of extremely good or poor innovations. The influence of previous collaborative experience among team members on the effect of team effort allocation is also investigated to understand the relationship between team members’ collaboration networks and knowledge learning. Design/methodology/approach This study uses data of all patents granted by the US Patent and Trademark Office between 1984 and 2010. The inventors involved in a patent are regarded as members of the focal team. Logistic regression is used to analyze the data. Findings Allocating greater effort to exploration than to exploitation is beneficial to achieving breakthrough innovations despite the risk of generating particularly poor innovations. This benefit increases with collaborative experience among team members. Placing an equal emphasis on knowledge exploration and exploitation is not particularly effective in achieving breakthrough innovations; it is, however, the best strategy for avoiding particularly poor innovations. Originality/value This research not only provides valuable insights for research on innovation and knowledge management by studying the team effort allocation strategy used to achieve breakthroughs and avoid particularly poor innovations but also represents an advancement in bridging two streams of research – knowledge learning and social networks – by highlighting the influence of the team members’ collaborative networks on the effect of team effort allocation between knowledge exploration and exploitation.

scholarly journals Creativity, clusters and the competitive advantage of cities

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Martin ◽  
Richard Florida ◽  
Melissa Pogue ◽  
Charlotta Mellander
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – This paper aims to marry Michael Porter’s industrial cluster theory of traded and local clusters to Richard Florida’s occupational approach of creative and routine workers to gain a better understanding of the process of economic development. Design/methodology/approach – Combining these two approaches, four major industrial-occupational categories are identified. The shares of US employment in each – creative-in-traded, creative-in-local, routine-in-traded and routine-in-local – are calculated, and a correlation analysis is used to examine the relationship of each to regional economic development indicators. Findings – Economic growth and development is positively related to employment in the creative-in-traded category. While metros with a higher share of creative-in-traded employment enjoy higher wages and incomes overall, these benefits are not experienced by all worker categories. The share of creative-in-traded employment is also positively and significantly associated with higher inequality. After accounting for higher median housing costs, routine workers in both traded and local industries are found to be relatively worse off in metros with high shares of creative-in-traded employment, on average. Social implications – This work points to the imperative for the US Government and industry to upgrade routine jobs, which make up the majority of all employment, by increasing the creative content of this work. Originality/value – The research is among the first to systematically marry the industry and occupational approaches to clusters and economic development.

Workplace sexual harassment, workplace deviance, and family undermining

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 594-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Yijing Lyu ◽  
Yijiao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effect of workplace sexual harassment (WSH) on hospitality employees’ workplace deviance and family undermining behaviors by focusing on the mediating effect of depression.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a three-phase field survey to collect data from hotels in China with a final sample of 266 hospitality employees. Data analysis techniques include descriptive statistics, confirmative factor analysis and hierarchical multiple regression.FindingsThis research finds that WSH is positively related to workplace deviance; WSH positively affects family undermining; depression is a mediator in the relationship between WSH and workplace deviance; and depression mediates the relationship between WSH and family undermining.Originality/valueFirst, this research goes beyond the existing WSH literature by extending outcome variables to workplace deviance. Second, it is among the first to investigate the relationship between WSH and hospitality employees’ family life. Third, the examination of depression as a mediator advances the literature by unraveling the mediating mechanism underlying the effects of WSH on hospitality employees.

Analysis of the survival capacity of mutual funds: a systematic review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fabregat-Aibar ◽  
Antonio Terceño ◽  
M. Glòria Barberà-Mariné
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Survival Capacity ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to carry out a literature review to determine which variables have the greatest impact on the survival capacity of mutual funds, and if these variables also have an influence on the various ways in which mutual funds disappear. Design/methodology/approach The authors carry out a systematic review of the literature on mutual funds and identify the main features that affect their capacity for survival. Findings The results show that most of the articles are based on data from the US market and that the two most studied variables are the return and the size of the fund. Furthermore, the relationship between the behaviour of variables and the disappearance of funds has mainly been analysed by comparing surviving and non-surviving funds, but without specifying the way in which they disappeared. Finally, the results show that there is no single methodology for examining the survival of funds. Originality/value In the financial literature, no previous literature review has focused on the factors that influence the survival capacity of mutual funds. The authors consider that this review will provide a broader and more realistic vision of the level of academic interest in this field and identify any gaps that exist in the literature available.

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