Stewardship of noncommunicable diseases in Iran: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Nasiri ◽  
Shahram Yazdani ◽  
Lida Shams ◽  
Amirhossein Takian
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
National Action Plan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Control

PurposeNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) count for over 80% of premature death worldwide. More than 76% of the total burden of diseases in Iran is devoted to NCDs. In line with the World Health Organization action plan, Iran has developed its national action plan that led to establishment of the National Committee for Prevention and Control of NCDs (INCDC), whose aim is 30% mortality reduction attributed to NCDs by 2030. The stewardship of health system is the cornerstone of performing and sustaining meaningful actions toward prevention and control of NCDs. The literature is tiny on how to materialize the stewardship and governance of health system. The purpose of this article is to report the findings of a national study that aimed to identity functions and subfunctions of stewardship of NCDs and its related risk factors in Iran.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative study. The authors conducted interviews with 18 purposefully selected interviewees until the authors reached saturation. Thematic content analysis was used for analysis and MAXQDA 10 was employed for data management. The difficulty of coordinating with interviewers and health policymakers in the field slowed the process of research progress.FindingsThe authors identified seven themes and categorized them as main functions for appropriate stewardship of NCDs in Iran, including intelligence generation; strategic framework; evidence-based policies/decisions; system design; resource allocation/development; capacity-building and enforcement/alignment; and categorized them as important.Practical implicationsThe seven themes presented as stewardship functions include concepts and practical examples of the experiences and performance of leading countries in the field of NCDs control that can help policymakers and health managers for better descion-making.Originality/valueIran adopted its national action plan in 2015 and WHO selected Iran as a fast-track country in 2017. The study confirmed that to achieve the global targets, appropriate and contextual stewardship for any specific setting is fundamental. Iran needs to improve its stewardship for prevention and control of NCDs and implement its national action plan. Therefore, the functions and policies outlined in this article for the proper performance of NCDs can improve more meaningful practices in this area in Iran and many other countries.

scholarly journals Diet related NCDs: Time for action

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Shah Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Shah Monir Hossain ◽  
Mahmood Uz Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
And Control

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and posing significant challenges both in developed and developing countries including Bangladesh. In 2016, of the total 56.9 million global deaths, 71.0%, were due to NCDs. Some 85.0% of premature deaths from NCDs, are in low and middle income countries, where greater burden of undernutrition and infectious diseases exist.1-3 Evidence suggests a higher age specific mortality for NCDs among Bangladeshi population compared to Western populations, which putting burden on healthcare systems. 4 Bangladesh NCD Risk Factors Survey, 2018 showed that among the adult population, the mean salt intake was 16.5 gram per day and the prevalence of dislipidaemia was 28.4 %.5 Sugar consumption also continues to rise, driven by increased intake of beverages, biscuits, sweets and confectionary items. Industrially produced transfat in some food items is also an important issue in the country. Malnutrition is a key risk factor for NCDs. Globally, nearly one in three people has at least one form of malnutrition, and this will reach one in two by 2025, based on current trends.6-8 All forms of malnutrition are caused by unhealthy, poor quality diets. Unhealthy diets that include high sugar, salt and fat intake, malnutrition, and NCDs are closely linked. Not only on the health, malnutrition and diet related NCDs pose a substantial burden on the economy and development. Food systems worldwide face major challenges, such as population growth, globalisation, urbanisation, and climate change. Today’s food systems are broken and do not deliver nutritious, safe, affordable, and sustainable diets; they undermine nutrition in several ways, particularly for vulnerable and marginalised populations. Billions of dollars are spent annually marketing foods high in calories, fats, sugars, and salt, and intake has increased globally, including in low income countries.8 United Nations (UN) is well committed to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases through adopting series of resolutions in its General Assembly.  In 2013, Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO) resolved to develop and implement national action plans, in line with the Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (2013–2020).9 NCDs are also embedded in sustainable development goal (SDG) target 3.4, that is, to reduce by one-third the premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases by 2030. NCDs are also linked to other SDGs, notably SDG 1 to end poverty. In 2017, the WHO Global Conference on Noncommunicable Diseases reaffirmed noncommunicable diseases as a sustainable development priority in the Montevideo roadmap 2018–2030.10 Bangladesh has also developed the Multisectoral Action Plan for Prevention and Control                             of Noncommunicable Diseases 2018-2025, with a three-year operational plan.11 Earlier the country has developed National Nutrition Policy, 2015, Second National Plan of Action for Nutrition, 2016-2025, Dietary Guidelines and other policies, strategies and action plan. The country is putting efforts for the prevention and control of malnutrition and NCDs. Furthermore,  to prevent and control the diet related noncommunicable diseases across the life cycle nutrition labelling, re-formulation of food standards with limiting high sugar, salt and fat, and banning industrial transfats; restriction of food advertising particularly marketing of unhealthy foods to children, imposing tax on sugar sweetened drinks, junk food etc. Aimed at behavior change communication, mass-media campaigns, nutritional advice and nutrition education on NCDs in general and diet related NCDs in particular are thus recommended.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and monitoring tools for noncommunicable diseases: a missing component in the global response

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz ◽  
Jessica H. Zafra-Tanaka ◽  
Miguel Moscoso-Porras ◽  
Rangarajan Sampath ◽  
Beatrice Vetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Monitoring Tools

AbstractA key component of any health system is the capacity to accurately diagnose individuals. One of the six building blocks of a health system as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) includes diagnostic tools. The WHO’s Noncommunicable Disease Global Action Plan includes addressing the lack of diagnostics for noncommunicable diseases, through multi-stakeholder collaborations to develop new technologies that are affordable, safe, effective and quality controlled, and improving laboratory and diagnostic capacity and human resources. Many challenges exist beyond price and availability for the current tools included in the Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions (PEN) for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases. These include temperature stability, adaptability to various settings (e.g. at high altitude), need for training in order to perform and interpret the test, the need for maintenance and calibration, and for Blood Glucose Meters non-compatible meters and test strips. To date the issues surrounding access to diagnostic and monitoring tools for noncommunicable diseases have not been addressed in much detail. The aim of this Commentary is to present the current landscape and challenges with regards to guidance from the WHO on diagnostic tools using the WHO REASSURED criteria, which define a set of key characteristics for diagnostic tests and tools. These criteria have been used for communicable diseases, but so far have not been used for noncommunicable diseases. Diagnostic tools have played an important role in addressing many communicable diseases, such as HIV, TB and neglected tropical diseases. Clearly more attention with regards to diagnostics for noncommunicable diseases as a key component of the health system is needed.

Taking action on prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in Bhutan by strengthening gross national happiness

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Gyambo Sithey ◽  
Anne Marie Thow ◽  
Jayendra Sharma ◽  
Karma Lhazin ◽  
Mu Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Gross National Happiness ◽  
National Happiness ◽  
And Control

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are major public health problem in Bhutan, accounting for 68% of total deaths. The growing epidemic of NCDs threatens the achievement of Gross National Happiness (GNH). NCDs are the results of complex interaction of social and economic risk factors and change in diet and lifestyle. Effective action to prevent and control these diseases requires a whole-of-government approach.In this paper we review new evidence to support political priority for NCDs in Bhutan. One third of the Bhutanese are overweight (33%) and hypertensive (35.7), and 6.4% are diabetic. The prevalence of modifiable risk factors is also very high. We also present the analysis of strategic policy opportunities for health sector to integrate the ‘Multisectoral national action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs, 2015-2020’ into policies across all relevant sectors. Our analysis has identified three specific opportunities for the health sector to engage strategically to strengthen action on NCDs and GNH, concurrently: 1) raising priority actions on NCDs within the existing GNH multisectoral committee, to achieve both health and happiness objectives; 2) identifying shared agenda between NCDs and GNH to achieve both health and happiness objectives; and 3) identifying shared GNH determinants between NCDs and GNH to enhance action on NCDs. Addressing NCDs aligns with the optimization of Gross National Happiness. It is imperative that the Government of Bhutan recognize that action on NCDs is an integral element for achieving GNH.

Global Response to the Burden of Cancer: The WHO Approach

2014 ◽  
pp. e311-e315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Ullrich ◽  
Anthony Miller
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Population Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
And Control

As the burden of many cancer types of major public health relevance worldwide are in part determined by behavioral risks, much of the success of cancer control depends on the up take of prevention strategies at the population level. Over the last decade, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed global prevention strategies of major relevance for cancer prevention and the prevention of other non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as the 2003 WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and others. The implementation of these core strategies gained momentum in 2011, when heads of states at the United Nation's (UN) High Level Meeting (HLM) on NCDs declared that NCDs are a global health threat that menaces social and economic development globally and requires urgent action. They asked for a paradigm change of the global health agenda by including NCD prevention and control into the group of priorities set by the Millennium Development Goals. WHO's translation of this call for action by the UN into practice has been consolidated into one clearly defined the WHO Global NCD Action Plan 2013–2020, including the pre-existing prevention strategies. Although cancer risk reduction will profit from the WHO Global NCD Action Plan, comprehensive cancer prevention and control will require other supplementary strategies not included in the plan because they are not shared with other NCDs. Causality of the over 200 cancer types is complex. A myriad of non-behavioral factors such as environmental and infectious risks, require specific attention when planning comprehensive cancer prevention. In reducing the cancer burden globally much will depend on how prevention strategies are implemented and how progress in cancer treatment can be translated into the reality of health systems in less affluent countries.

In-Depth Qualitative Analysis of Noncommunicable Diseases. Multisectoral Action Plans in the Caribbean

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

As the epidemic of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) continues to have its negative impact on lives, livelihoods, and economies across the globe, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization (WHO), has taken action to strengthen its technical cooperation with Member States in addressing these diseases, their risk factors, and related issues, through the development and implementation of the Regional Plan of Action for the Prevention and Control of NCDs. The establishment of national NCD plans is one of the four main global NCD commitments, however only a selected number of Caribbean countries have been able to establish such plans. In an effort to provide information and share knowledge of successful experiences and practices in establishing national NCD plans, this in-depth qualitative analysis was conducted in the selected countries. This report highlights the good practices and successes that can be replicated in other countries that have not yet established their NCD plans. It also identifies areas that can be strengthened for greater effectiveness in NCD prevention and control. PAHO/WHO anticipates the use of this report not only as a tool for countries, but also as a guide for enhanced technical cooperation and collaboration between PAHO and its Member States. As such, governments, civil society, the private sector, as well as other development organizations can use these plans to carry out comprehensive, effective, multisectoral interventions for NCD prevention and control throughout the Caribbean.

scholarly journals National action plan for non-communicable diseases prevention and control in Iran; a response to emerging epidemic

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloofar Peykari ◽  
Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Rasoul Dinarvand ◽  
Mohammad Haji-Aghajani ◽  
Reza Malekzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
National Action Plan ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control

Developing an interpersonal communication material for primary health-care workers for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: experience from a case in Manila, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Guevarra ◽  
Yves Miel H. Zuñiga ◽  
Deinzel R. Uezono ◽  
John Juliard L. Go ◽  
Carmela N. Granada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Systematic Process ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Communication Material

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe the systematic process in developing an interpersonal communication material for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the City of Manila, Philippines.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic process in the development of an interpersonal communication material is presented. The seven steps in the process included mapping of available health communication materials, needs identification, development of the material, pretesting, finalization, printing/production and orientation on the use of the material.FindingsThe process followed an iterative, multistakeholder approach in order to ensure that all important insights are obtained and that the final material is contextualized, easily communicated and culturally appropriate. It is important to consider context and culture on top of the methodology in order to ensure development of appropriate interpersonal communication material. It is also important that the experience of the primary health-care workers on the use of the interpersonal communication material is properly documented for future reference, through both quantitative and qualitative evaluations.Originality/valueThe seven-step systematic process utilized can be used as a model in developing health communication materials in the field of health promotion and education.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document