TROLLING AS A FORM OF SPEECH AGGRESSION IN INTERNET COMMUNICATION (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE SCHOOL COMMUNITY IN THE SOCIAL NETWORK)

Введение. Рассматривается одна из форм речевой агрессии, представленная в интернет-коммуникации. Троллинг – явление, развивающееся вместе с новыми интернет-технологиями, характерное исключительно для сетевого дискурса и находящее свое воплощение в провокативных репликах. Троллинг является формой проявления речевой агрессии, он обусловлен характером интернет-дискурса. Цель – исследование троллинга как одной из форм речевой агрессии в интернет-коммуникации. Материал и методы. Материалом послужили публикации и комментарии в сообществе российских школьников в социальной сети «ВКонтакте». Основным методом стал дискурсивный анализ. При отборе материала применялся метод сплошной выборки. Результаты и обсуждение. Актуализируется проявление речевой агрессии в сетевой коммуникации российских школьников. Рассмотрены и охарактеризованы техники троллинга, стратегии и тактики, посредством которых реализована данная форма речевой агрессии. Среди наиболее часто используемых школьниками техник провокативного поведения в сети можно выделить технику опровержения общественного мнения посредством оппозиционных высказываний и технику перехода на личности. Основной стратегией троллинга является стратегия провокации, реализующаяся посредством различных тактик: высмеивания оппонента, тактики тотального отрицания и резкой смены поведения коммуниканта. Троллинг как форма проявления речевой агрессии в интернет-коммуникации всегда находит свое выражение в провокативных репликах. По своему лингвопрагматическому статусу троллинг является высказыванием, в основе которого лежит конфликтогенный потенциал. Данная форма речевой агрессии реализуется как конфликтный коммуникативный акт, который может развиваться по нескольким сценариям. Тематика сообщества обусловливает использование в рамках троллинга провокационных реплик, касающихся конкретных сфер школьной жизни. Основной целью сетевых провокаторов всегда является коммуникативный конфликт. Заключение. Актуальность исследования речевой агрессии в школьной среде продиктована тем, что интернет на сегодняшний день является самой востребованной подростками площадкой для общения. Кроме того, виртуальный дискурс стал той сферой, где речевая агрессия находит самое яркое выражение. Introduction. The article examines one of the forms of speech aggression presented in Internet communication. Trolling is a phenomenon that develops along with new Internet technologies, is characteristic exclusively of network discourse and is embodied in provocative remarks. Trolling is a form of speech aggression, it is due to the nature of the Internet discourse. The purpose of the article is to study trolling as one of the forms of speech aggression in Internet communication. Material and methods. The material was publications and comments in the community of Russian schoolchildren on the Vkontakte social network. Discourse analysis became the main method. When selecting the material, the method of continuous sampling was applied. Results and discussion. The article actualizes the manifestation of speech aggression in the network communication of Russian schoolchildren, in particular, trolling techniques, strategies and tactics, through which this form of speech aggression is implemented, are considered and characterized. Among the techniques of provocative behavior most frequently used by schoolchildren on the Internet, one can single out the technique of refuting public opinion through oppositional statements and the technique of getting personal. The main strategy of trolling is the strategy of provocation, which is implemented through various tactics: ridiculing the opponent, tactics of total denial and a sharp change in the behavior of the communicant. Trolling as a form of speech aggression in Internet communication always finds its expression in provocative remarks. According to its linguo-pragmatic status, trolling is a statement based on the potential for conflict. This form of speech aggression is realized as a conflict communicative act that can develop according to several scenarios. Community themes determine the use of provocative remarks within the framework of trolling concerning specific areas of school life. The main goal of network provocateurs is always a communicative conflict. Conclusion. The relevance of the study of speech aggression in the school environment is dictated by the fact that the Internet is by far the most popular communication platform for adolescents. In addition, virtual discourse has become the area where verbal aggression finds its most vivid expression.

The Perceptions and Needs of French Parents and Pediatricians Concerning Information on Complementary Feeding

Appropriate complementary feeding (CoF) is the key to preventing childhood obesity and promoting long-term health. Parents must be properly informed through the CoF process. Pediatricians have opportunities to interact with parents during the CoF transition and influence parental feeding decisions. They can convey public health nutrition messages to parents. With the release of new CoF recommendations in France in 2019, and from the perspective of their conversion into official public health communication material, the aim of this study was to explore parents’ and pediatricians’ perceptions and needs regarding information on CoF. Two online surveys were disseminated to gather information on CoF communication and guidance: one for parents (n = 1001, January 2020); one for pediatricians (n = 301, October 2019). The results showed that the importance of CoF for children’s healthy growth was well recognized by both parents and pediatricians. Parents acknowledged pediatricians as the most influential source of advice; and pediatricians were aware of their responsibility in counselling parents on CoF. However, pediatricians neglected the fact that parents gave high trust to their personal network when looking for advice. The Internet was a well-recognized source of information according to all. Diverging from what pediatricians considered useful, parents were interested in practical advice for implementing CoF. This study highlights common expectations and points of divergence between parents’ needs and pediatricians’ perceptions of those needs with regard to CoF information.

Utilization of Powerful Words in Compiling Effective Communication Materials

In the Indonesian language course, communication can be included in the area of speaking and writing. To carry out effective communication, the stages must be carried out, namely fact finding, planning, communicating, and evaluation. The purpose of this research is to describe the concept map of effective communication material based on powerful words. This research method uses qualitative research methods with data sources in the form of books by Erwin Parengkuan et al. entitled Talk-inc Points published by Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Trianto's book entitled Designing an innovative-progressive learning model published by KencanaPrenada Media Group. The data analysis carried out by researchers is as follows: (1) data reduction (2) displaying data by compiling relevant data, (3) drawing conclusions to get a meaning that scattered symptoms have deep meaning. The results of this study indicate that the use of powerful words in the preparation of effective communication materials produces a concept map for effective communication materials. Making a concept map for effective communication material becomes easier to learn and understand, that in effective communication there are four stages that must be done, namely fact finding, planning, communicating, and evaluation. Key words: effective communication; material preparation; powerful words

Developing an interpersonal communication material for primary health-care workers for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: experience from a case in Manila, Philippines

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe the systematic process in developing an interpersonal communication material for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the City of Manila, Philippines.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic process in the development of an interpersonal communication material is presented. The seven steps in the process included mapping of available health communication materials, needs identification, development of the material, pretesting, finalization, printing/production and orientation on the use of the material.FindingsThe process followed an iterative, multistakeholder approach in order to ensure that all important insights are obtained and that the final material is contextualized, easily communicated and culturally appropriate. It is important to consider context and culture on top of the methodology in order to ensure development of appropriate interpersonal communication material. It is also important that the experience of the primary health-care workers on the use of the interpersonal communication material is properly documented for future reference, through both quantitative and qualitative evaluations.Originality/valueThe seven-step systematic process utilized can be used as a model in developing health communication materials in the field of health promotion and education.

“Aarogya Setu”- India’s COVID-19 contact tracing mobile application: an assessment of awareness and utility among residents of India during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: As the world was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, various steps were taken to curb its spread. Government of India introduced contact tracing “Aarogya Setu” app. In this study we assessed the awareness and utility of the app among the residents of India which in turn affects its usage.Methods: This was a community based online cross-section survey. The snowball sampling technique was used for data collection. The questionnaire was developed to understand the knowledge and practices pertaining to COVID-19 but for publication purpose, items related to Aarogya Setu application have been analysed. The data was collected in the 1st week of July 2020. Frequency tables for various socio-demographic details of the participants were formed. Chi Square test of significance was used to analyse the awareness and utility of the app against sociodemographic characteristics.Results: Majority of the participants were aware about the app, using it and found it useful. The awareness and use of the app was found to be significantly associated with gender, age, education and occupation and the usefulness was found to be significantly associated with gender and occupation. Awareness was found to be higher among males, age group 45-59 years, with professional degree and government employees.Conclusions: These findings can be taken by policy makers while considering promotion of the application. Future steps should involve developing relevant training and communication material to enhance the use of the application

REGULATORY POTENTIAL OF POETIC TEXTS BY O. E. MANDELSTAM OF DIFFERENT YEARS (ACCORDING TO THE EXPERIMENT)

Введение. Изучение особенностей восприятия поэтических текстов читателями является одной из актуальных проблем современной стилистики. Теория регулятивности как одно из направлений коммуникативной стилистики текста позволяет выявлять средства и способы воздействия текста на адресата. На основе анализа регулятивных средств и структур разных типов в лирике О. Э. Мандельштама можно исследовать характер возникающих в сознании читателя ярких образов в поэтическом тексте как форме коммуникации. Материал и методы. Гипотеза о том, что об особенностях регулятивных возможностей текста можно судить по реакции информантов, воспринимающих текст и его элементы, проверяется на основе проведенного рецептивного эксперимента, основанного на показаниях языкового сознания участников. Материалом исследования послужили поэтические тексты О. Э. Мандельштама разных лет: «На темном небе, как узор» (1909), «Из омута злого и вязкого» (1910), «Как люб мне натугой живущий...» (1930), «Мы живем, под собою не чуя страны» (1933). Выбор данных поэтических текстов обусловлен их идейной значимостью и временем создания (два первых стихотворения относятся к ранней лирике автора, два других – к позднему творчеству). Перечисленные факторы позволяют проследить характер их восприятия информантами с учетом отражения эволюции поэтической картины мира О. Э. Мандельштама. Результаты и обсуждение. Согласно условно взятой пятибалльной шкале воздействия, максимальным баллом респондентами были оценены стихотворения, относящиеся к гражданской лирике автора. Это связано с тематикой данных поэтических текстов (для большинства информантов она показалась знакомой и злободневной), их идейным своеобразием и большим количеством использованных в текстах регулятивных средств и структур, а также их спецификой (в стихотворении «Мы живем, под собою не чуя страны…» – яркие метафоры и эпитеты; в стихотворении «Как люб мне натугой живущий…» – ряд эпитетов). Заключение. Получены данные о факторах, определяющих регулятивный потенциал текста и характер интерпретационной деятельности адресата. Среди них можно отметить тематическое и идейное своеобразие поэтических текстов О. Э. Мандельштама, количество и разнообразие использованных автором лексических регулятивных средств и структур. Introduction. The studying of the peculiarities of readers’ perception of poetic texts is one of the relevant problems of modern stylistic. The theory of regulativity as one of the text`s stylistic communicative directions, allows identifying of means and methods of text influence on the addressee. Based on analysis of regulatory tools and various types of structures, in O. E. Mandelstam`s lyrics the nature of vivid images that appear in reader`s mind in a poetic text can be explored as a form of communication. Material and methods. The hypothesis that the features of the regulatory capabilities can be judged by the reaction of informants who perceive the text and its parts, is tested on the basis on the receptive experiment based on the indications of the participants’ language consciousness. O. E. Mandelstam’s poetic texts of different years were the study materials: «In the dark sky, like a pattern» (1909); «Up out of an evil clinging pool» (1910); «How do I love the strain of living» (1930); «We are living, but can’t feel the land where we stay» (1933). The choice of these poetic texts is caused by its ideological significance and time of creation (the first and the second poem belongs to author`s early lyrics, the last two – his latest works). All these factors allow us to follow the nature of their perception by informants, taking into account the reflection of the evolution O. E. Mandelstam’s poetic picture of the world. Results and discussion. According to conventional five-point scale of impact, respondents gave the maximum score to poems related to the author’s civil lyrics. It is connected with the theme of these poetic texts (for most informants it seemed urgent and familiar), its ideological originality and its large number of regulatory methods that was used in text, srtuctures and its specific (in the poem «We are living, but can’t feel the land where we stay...» – vivid metaphors and epithets; in the poem «How I love the strain of living...» – a number of epithets). Conclusion. As a result of this research, data about factors that determine regulatory potential of the text and the nature of the interpretative activity of addressee were obtained. Among them, we can note thematic and ideological originality of O. E. Mandelstam`s poetic texts, the number and variety of lexical regulatory tools and structures used by author.

Challenging norms of crisis communication and preparedness by listening to voices from the (dis)ability movement in Sweden

This paper presents the result of a survey study where representing members of the disability movement in Sweden have shared their experiences of living and acting during the first year of the Covid-19-pandemic. The aim was to identify crisis communication challenges and where additional communication material and methods are needed for supporting people in going from knowledge to taking action for achieving a higher level of crisis preparedness. The paper also includes a brief summary of a literature review of previous international research on disabilities and the Covid-19 pandemic. Three categories of crisis communication challenges were identified displaying a vulnerability in society and pointing towards several important knowledge gaps that ought to be addressed in order to achieve crisis preparedness among all people. The results indicate that there is a need for additional communication materials and methods that can be appropriated to individual needs, and dialogue methods between authorities and people in order to counteract normative assumptions in crisis communication aimed at different target groups.