Investigation of flank wear in MQL milling of ferritic stainless steel by using nano graphene reinforced vegetable cutting fluid

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Nano Graphene

Purpose In milling of stainless steel materials, various cutting tool failures such as flank wear, crater wear, cracks, chipping, etc. can be observed because of their work hardening tendency and low thermal conductivity. For this reason, this paper aims to develop some coolants and coatings to reduce these formations. However, further research should be performed to reach the desired level. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the initial flank wear rates of uncoated and titanium nitride-coated tungsten carbide cutting tools were investigated during the milling of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel. The milling experiments were conducted under dry and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) conditions. Nano graphene reinforced vegetable cutting fluid was prepared and applied by the MQL system. The mixture ratios of nanofluids were selected as 1 and 2 wt.%, and MQL flow rates were adjusted at 20 and 40 ml/h. Findings It was observed that MQL milling with nano graphene reinforced cutting fluid has advantages over dry milling and MQL milling with pure cutting fluid in terms of the initial flank wear. Originality/value This paper contains new and significant information adequate to justify publication. MQL is a new method for vegetable cutting fluid containing nano graphene particles.

scholarly journals Effect of MWCNT on surface roughness and burr height in MQL milling of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Alper Uysal ◽  
◽  
Eshreb Dzhemilov ◽  
Ruslan Dzhemalyadinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Burr Height ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Cutting Inserts ◽  
Aisi 430

Stainless steel materials have been used in many fields such as automotive, aviation, medical industries, etc. In addition, these materials are classified as difficult-to-cut materials due to low thermal conductivity and work-hardening tendency. Therefore, studies on machining of these materials have been performed in order to understand the basic of the process. In this study, surface roughness and burr height were investigated in MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubrication) milling of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel. In MQL milling, commercial vegetable cutting fluid and MWCNT (Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube) reinforced vegetable cutting fluid were used. The milling experiments were also conducted under dry condition. In the experiments, uncoated WC (Tungsten Carbide) and TiN (Titanium Nitride) coated WC cutting inserts were used. Based on the experimental results, MQL method reduced the surface roughness and burr heights and better surfaces were obtained by using nanofluids in MQL method.

Effect of number of welding passes on the microstructure, mechanical and intergranular corrosion properties of 409M ferritic stainless steel

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Ambade ◽  
Chetan Tembhurkar ◽  
Awanikumar Patil ◽  
Diwesh Babruwan Meshram
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degree Of Sensitization ◽  
Number Of Passes

Purpose This paper aims to study the effect of number of welding passes on microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of 409 M ferritic stainless steel. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process is used to weld two metal sheets of 409 M having 3 mm thickness as bead-on-plate with single, double and triple passes. Microstructures were observed at transverse section with the help of optical microscope and with increasing number of passes grain growth, and the width of heat-affected zone (HAZ) increases. The results of tensile tests revealed that as number of passes increases, there is reduction in tensile strength and ductility. Double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test revealed that as number of passes increases, the degree of sensitization increases. This is due to the deposition of chromium carbides at the grain boundaries and the associated depletion of chromium. Design/methodology/approach Three welded plates of single, double and triple pass were welded by SMAW process. From three welded plates (single, double and triple passes), samples for microstructural examination were cut in transverse direction (perpendicular to welding direction) with the help of wire-cut electrical discharge machine (EDM). The welded plates were sliced using wire-cut EDM along transverse direction for preparing optical microscopy, tensile testing, microhardness and DL-EPR testing specimens. Findings From the microstructure, it was observed that the large grain growth, which is dendritic, and the structure become finer to increase in number of welding passes. As number of passes increases, the width of HAZ increases because of the higher temperature at the welded zone. The tensile strength decreases to increase the number of welding passes because of grain coarsening and chromium carbide precipitation in sensitized zone and wider HAZ. The maximum microhardness value was observed for single-pass weld as compared to double- and triple-pass welds because of the fast cooling rate. The degree of sensitization increases to increase the number of passes because of chromium carbide deposition at the grain boundaries. Originality/value The authors declare that the manuscript is original and not published elsewhere, and there is no conflict of interest to publish this manuscript.

Machining Performance of CBN Cutting Tools for Hard Turning of 100Cr6 Bearing Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 474 ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
János Kundrák ◽  
László Ráczkövi ◽  
Károly Gyáni
Keyword(s):  
Hard Turning ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Cutting Performance ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Material Volume

This article presents the examination of cutting performance of a low CBN content cutting tool in the case of hard turning of 100Cr6 hardened bearing steel. One of the indicators of cutting performance is the wear rate, which can be calculated as a ratio of a measurable geometric parameter of a wear form and some technological parameters (cutting time, cutting length or removed material volume). The wear of CBN cutting tools is characterized by the extent of flank wear hence the wear rates related to cutting time and removed material volume are calculated based on the measured flank wear during the cutting experiments. The alteration of wear rates as a function of flank wear and cutting speed was examined.

The Jatropha curcas vegetable base soluble cutting oil as a renewable source in the machining of aluminum alloy 7050-T7451

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Schuch Bork ◽  
Janaina Fracaro Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Jefferson Oliveira Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – This article aims to collect data on the aluminum alloy 7050-T7451 machinability used in the manufacturing of aeronautical structures, using the combination of the jatropha vegetable-base soluble cutting oil in relation to the canola vegetal and semisynthetic mineral oils and the technique to apply cutting fluid by flood in relation to the Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) in the milling process (HSM – high-speed machining). Design/methodology/approach – It was observed that the jatropha vegetal cutting oil presented the best results in relation to requirements for lubrication, superficial mean roughness (index Ra) and shape errors in relation to the other oils in both the techniques to apply fluid which were tested. Comparing the application techniques, the jatropha vegetal oil offered an increase in the life span of the cutting tool, using the flood technique, exceeding in almost six times the machined length of the cutting tool in relation to the MQL technique in the same process conditions. Findings – The Jatropha vegetable-base cutting oil, besides being produced from a renewable source, has inherent characteristics that can help attain a sustainable manufacturing, mainly with the use of the flood technique to apply cutting fluid in the aluminum alloy 7050-T7451 machining. Originality/value – The Jatropha (vegetable) oil, in relation to its physicochemical properties, appeared to be the best one fit for being used in the machining of aluminum alloys 7050-T7451 because it did not interfere with any of the elements involved in the formation of intergranular corrosion and/or pitting, which are not allowed in the aeronautical production of parts. Jatropha (vegetable) cutting oil, besides being produced from a clean and renewable source, has the inherent characteristics that can help attain a sustainable manufacturing.

Tool wear in dry turning and wet turning with non-toxic cutting fluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1649-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Ozimina ◽  
Monika Madej ◽  
Joanna Kowalczyk ◽  
Ewa Ozimina ◽  
Stanislaw Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Contact Wetting Angle

PurposeThis study aims to determine the properties of a new non-toxic cutting fluid and compared with cutting fluid based on mineral oil.Design/methodology/approachThe tool wear was measured under dry and wet cutting conditions. The non-toxic cutting fluid was compared with cutting fluid based on mineral oil. The experiments were carried out using CTX 310 ECO numerical control lathe. The wear of the cutting tools was measured by means of stereo zoom microscopy (SX80), while the elements were identified through scanning electron microscopy (JSM 7100F). The workpiece surface texture was studied using a Talysurf CCI Lite non-contact 3D profiler. The contact wetting angle was established with a KSV CAM 100 tester.FindingsThe non-toxic cutting fluid has reached comparable coefficient of friction with a coolant containing mineral oil. The use of the non-toxic cutting fluid with low foaming tendency resulted in lower wear.Practical implicationsMachining processes require that cutting fluids be applied to reduce the tool wear and improve the quality of the workpiece surface. Cutting fluids serve numerous purposes such as they act as coolants and lubricants, remove chips and temporarily prevent corrosion of the product.Originality/valueThe investigations discussed in this paper have contributed to the development of non-toxic and environmentally friendly manufacturing because of the use of cutting fluid containing zinc aspartate and its comparison with commonly used cutting fluid.

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