In search of the perceptions of the Shari'ah scholars on Shari'ah governance system

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Board Members ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This purpose of this article is to examine the Shari'ah scholars' perception of the Shari'ah governance system in Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) particularly of its six major areas, namely, issues of Shari'ah governance; internal framework; roles and functions of Shari'ah board; attributes of Shari'ah board members on independence, competency and transparency and confidentiality; operational procedures and assessment of the Shari'ah board's performance. Design/methodology/approach – The study conducted semi-structured interviews with Shari'ah scholars who are members of the Shari'ah boards in various IFIs. All interview questions were generated, structured and arranged in a way that all the data could be analysed easily through a coding and thematic approach. Findings – The study discovers the different points of view demonstrated by the Shari'ah scholars who were interviewed on several issues, and they have also conceded that there are serious gaps and weaknesses prevalent in all the six major areas of Shari'ah governance. This position acknowledges that there are shortcomings and weaknesses to the existing governance framework which need further enhancement and improvement. Practical implications – The study offers a useful source of information that may provide relevant guidelines to policymakers and practitioners for future development of Shari'ah governance practices in IFIs. Originality/value – The study provides fresh data and significant information pertaining to the Shari'ah scholars' perspective on the Shari'ah governance system. This analysis of Shari'ah scholars' opinions of the Shari'ah governance system can also serve to enhance the literature on the topic.

Healthcare leaders’ views on successful quality improvement initiatives and context

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Barson ◽  
Fiona Doolan-Noble ◽  
Jonathon Gray ◽  
Robin Gauld
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Healthcare Leaders

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contextual factors contributing to the sustainability of healthcare quality improvement (QI) initiatives. Design/methodology/approach Themes from semi-structured interviews with international healthcare leaders are compared with Kaplan and Provost et al.’s (2012) model for understanding success in quality (MUSIQ). Critical success factors within these themes are shown in detail. Findings The interviews provide a rich source of information on critical success factors. The themes largely correspond with MUSIQ, reinforcing its robustness. An important factor emerging from the interviews was the importance of engagement with patients and families in QI, and this needs consideration in seeking to understand context in QI. Research limitations/implications Interview participants represent a limited set of western countries and health systems. Their experiences may not hold true in other settings. Practical implications The detail on critical success factors provides QI practitioners with guidance on designing and implementing sustainable initiatives. Originality/value Including consideration of contextual factors for engagement with patients and families in frameworks for context in QI appears to be an original idea that will add value to such frameworks. Researchers in patient engagement are starting to address contextual factors and connections should be made with this work.

scholarly journals Independence from the perspective of the Shari'ah committee

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Hafizah Zainal Abidin ◽  
Fatimah Mat Yasin ◽  
Ahmad Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Agency Theory ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Safeguard Measures ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
Independence In Appearance

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to gather the perceptions of the Shari'ah committee members on what and how they safeguard and strengthen their independence in fact and independence in appearance during the discharge of their duties.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 13 Shari'ah committee members from 13 different Islamic financial institutions (IFIs).FindingsBased on the Islamic worldview and agency theory, the findings suggest that safeguard measures within the context of the Shari'ah committee are strengthened by the following factors: presence of competencies, personal characteristics of the Shari'ah committee members, board engagement, role of the chairman in the Shari'ah committee and accountability to God. Based on the agency theory, it can be suggested that the characteristics of the Shari'ah committee and the presence of an effective governance structure are able to minimise threats to the independence of the Shari'ah committee and enhance its effectiveness.Practical implicationsThe insights from this study highlight that proper and fit criteria need to be enhanced to ensure the independence of the Shari'ah committee members when performing their roles for IFIs. Moreover, it shows that board engagement and chairman involvement in overseeing the Shari'ah committee in the discharge of its duties is able to improve the independence of the Shari'ah committee both in fact and in appearance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the evidence on safeguard measures in the Malaysian context, which is highly regulated in relation to the Shari'ah governance practices in IFIs. This evidence could be considered by other Shari'ah committees in different contexts.

Shariah board, web-based information and branding of Islamic financial institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
Ahmad Usman ◽  
Waqas Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose With the advent of technology and internet banking, the role and value of bank’s websites have increased. Additionally, the Islamic banking boom has also increased the role of Shariah-based banking in the market. But neither web-based information nor Shariah board members have been investigated for their possible effects on the branding of Islamic banks. Against this backdrop, this study aims to explore web-based information and Shariah board as a source of branding of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). Design/methodology/approach An interpretivism-based thematic inquiry is carried out through semi-structured interviews of 22 customers of Islamic banks. Findings The findings of the study highlighted the fact that customers’ perceived web-based information is in line with the Shariah objectives but showed low level of trust on that information. They assumed that the practices are not consistent with this information. Moreover, the Shariah board members were considered as brand ambassadors, and customers valued board members more than the Shariah board and Islamic bank itself. Findings further highlight the more knowledge customers have about the Shariah board members (experience, qualification, achievements, etc.) the greater is the impact on the branding of the IFIs. Originality/value This study offers a novel perspective by considering the value of web-based information and Shariah board on branding of Islamic banks. As there is no such study available in literature, up to the best of researchers' knowledge, the qualitative inquiry may suffice the study objectives and research questions.

From legalism to value-oriented Islamic finance practices

Humanomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Bin Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Observation ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions

Purpose This paper aims to provide analysis on the state of Islamic finance through critical appraisal on its current form and practices. This paper argues that the current form of Islamic finance practices is due to its legalistic approach and hence requires value-oriented reform. In this regard, Shari’ah governance system can be one of the mechanisms toward such reformation. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses case study research method and comparative studies of other’s works to develop understanding on the extent of Islamic finance practices. The study utilizes descriptive, comparative and critical analysis approaches in extracting and analyzing the information. Findings The literature has indicated the growing frustration of scholars and proponents of Islamic economics on the failure of Islamic finance in addressing the real economic and ethical issues beyond the legal realm of Shari’ah compliance. Legalism leads to a narrow understanding and ignores certain dimensions of Islamic finance practices. Considering all factors and through critical observation, this paper argues that the current form of Islamic finance practices is due to its legalistic approach and hence requires value-oriented reform. At this juncture, the paper suggests that Shari’ah governance system can be one of the mechanisms toward such reformation. Originality/value This paper provides valuable discussion and fresh and recent information on Islamic finance practices, including Shari’ah governance practices of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) through case studies. The study shares experience of Malaysia in developing its Islamic finance framework and practices from legalistic toward value-oriented approach.

Artworks at work: the impacts of workplace art

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Smiraglia
Keyword(s):  
Board Members ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Connection ◽  
Content Learning ◽  
Art Collection ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Interpersonal Learning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the impact that employees and board members of an organization believe the art in their workplace has on their experience at work and identify the exhibition’s features salient to their experience of the art. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 affiliates of an Australian organization with an institutional art collection. The interview data were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis by two researchers, with a final inter-rater reliability of 0.96. Findings – The results showed that respondents believe there are five main ways they are impacted by the art in their workplace: the art promotes social interactions, elicits emotional responses, facilitates personal connection-making, generally enhances the workplace environment and fosters learning. Participants indicated the salient features of the collection are its changing nature, creativity, diversity, quality and connection to the organization’s mission. Practical implications – The findings suggest that there may be a number of positive impacts on employees and other affiliates when art is present in the workplace, including interpersonal learning and mission-related content learning. The findings suggest that art connected to the organization’s mission, rotating exhibitions and diverse collections are valued by workplace viewers. Originality/value – The study highlights the importance of the aesthetic environment in the workplace and is one of the first to examine artworks in the work setting.

Value capturing in Floorball

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-559
Author(s):  
Carl Gabrielsson ◽  
Harald Dolles
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Professional Team Sports ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Floorball is a Swedish sports innovation which emerged and started to be played about 40 years ago. The purpose of this paper is to explore value capturing in this relatively new sport and the various contributions made by different actors towards market development of the sport. Design/methodology/approach The research utilizes a theoretical framework of value capturing in professional team sports for research. The analysis is based upon 13 semi-structured interviews with representatives from three groups, “players/coaches,” “board members and “manufacturers/retailers.” Findings All economic actors within the research framework contribute to various extents to the market development of the sport, yet they all need to cooperate, exemplifying that innovation for market development and value for the sport can only be co-created. Research limitations/implications The sample is taken from the Swedish market and may, thus, be considered biased. Practical implications All economic actors within the research framework contribute to market development of the sport to various degrees, yet they all need to cooperate, exemplifying that innovation for market development and value for the sport can only be co-created. Originality/value This paper provides unique insights into the development of floorball as a “new” sport.

Linking governance qualities and stewardship attributes: findings from Malaysian takaful operators

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-755
Author(s):  
Amirul Afif Muhamat ◽  
Ronald McIver
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Likert Scale Response ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Operational Aspects

Purpose As custodians of takaful contributors’ tabarru’ (donation) funds, takaful operators are expected to fulfil a stewardship role propagated under the precepts of Islam. The purpose of this paper is to analyse takaful operators’ stewardship, focusing on investment practices. Design/methodology/approach Structured interviews were conducted with senior investment staff from all of Malaysia’s takaful operators. Questions, developed using Delphi-style techniques, allowed a five-point Likert scale response addressing specific issues revolving around seven dimensions of governance quality – using the Malaysian Rating Corporation’s (MARC’s) governance rating guidelines for Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). Interviewees’ responses were assigned composite scores. Findings Malaysia’s takaful operators score well on most prescribed governance quality dimensions, although performance varies between operators and across dimensions. Areas for improvement are identified, especially regarding disclosure of information and contributor involvement in takaful operators’ management. Research limitations/implications Predetermined questions restrict flexibility in obtaining takaful operators’ information; however, end-of-interview, open-ended questions were asked to tap interviewee opinions on pertinent issues. A focus on takaful operators’ governance quality and stewardship of investments means findings may not be representative of all operational aspects of their businesses. Practical implications This study identifies governance quality guidelines which takaful operators may benchmark against and identifies where best to focus attempts to improve performance. These guidelines will also assist regulators assessing takaful operators’ stewardship performance. Originality/value This study uses governance quality as an indicator of stewardship, a concept aligned with the precepts of Shariah. It covers the opinion of the takaful industry in a country with a comprehensive Islamic financial system, Malaysia, extending understanding of takaful operators’ governance quality.

scholarly journals How do the current auditing standards fit the emergent use of blockchain?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Pauline Gauthier ◽  
Nathalie Brender
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
External Auditors ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Auditing Standards ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Blockchain is expected to impact reporting and auditing processes. Indeed, the increasing use of blockchain could affect the nature and extent of information available to auditors and how audits are performed. This paper aims to investigate how auditors are assessing the relevance of the current auditing standards in light of the emergent use of blockchain technology. Design/methodology/approach Based on qualitative content analysis, this paper analyzed semi-structured interviews with auditors to understand their shared perception of how the current auditing standards address blockchain’s emergence. Findings The findings reveal a growing demand for information technology (IT) auditing standards, as well as a mismatch in timing between the quickly changing IT environment and the regulators’ slowness in releasing new standards or updating standards. Research limitations/implications The findings reflect the external auditors’ points of view and cannot be generalized to all countries, but future studies should address the development of specific IT-related auditing standards to better fit the fast-evolving technology environment in ways that consider the other stakeholders’ points of view, including those of the standard setters. Practical implications The results of this study show that auditors consider the current auditing standards for IT to be too vague, and they need more guidance on both auditing blockchain and using technologies as audit tools. Originality/value The original contribution of this study lies in the in-depth understanding it provides of the adequacy of the current auditing standards to audit companies using blockchain, which is an under-researched topic.

Procedural changes in Switzerland: the lawyer goes into the interrogation room

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13
Author(s):  
Julie Courvoisier
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Police Interrogation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Police Interrogations ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Better Than

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight how police officers, lawyers and prosecutors experienced the implementation of the mandatory presence of a lawyer during police interrogation since 2011 in Switzerland. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on semi-structured interviews conducted with these practitioners in order to expose their points of view regarding this novelty. Findings The presence of a lawyer during interrogation allows for a proper protection of the defendant’s rights. Even if this new collaboration between police and lawyers goes better than expected, some issues still remain. Lawyers can be helpful in some cases, but they also can be considered as an obstacle, especially for psychological aspects and the building of a relationship between police officers and suspects. The issue of videotaped interrogations seems to be currently important in Switzerland and most of these practitioners see this practice as potentially beneficial. Practical implications Police interrogation and the question of the defendant’s rights is often mediated, in particular by addressing the issue of false confessions. Knowing the advantages and drawbacks of having a lawyer during interrogation and how everyone experiences the practice can allow to adjust and to improve this new collaboration. Originality/value The case of Switzerland with the presence of a lawyer during police interrogations is quite special. Understanding how it works and also compared to videotaping is highly relevant not only for practitioners in criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Sinabung volcano: how culture shapes community resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Marta Mori ◽  
Ronan McDermott ◽  
Saut Sagala ◽  
Yasmina Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aid Dependency ◽  
Relief Operations ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Cultural Experts ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how culture, including traditions and social structures, can influence resilience and how culturally sensitive relief operations can put affected people and their context at the core of any interventions. Design/methodology/approach A case study of the Mt Sinabung volcano area in Indonesia was undertaken. As part of the case study, an analysis of interventions was conducted, which was complemented by semi-structured interviews with Karo cultural experts and humanitarian organisations. Findings Culture influences the manner in which the Karo people react to volcano eruptions with varying implications for recovery. In addition, relief organisations which understand people’s actions through a cultural lens have better managed to tailor programs with long-term impact, thereby avoiding aid dependency. Practical implications Practical examples of disaster management activities that adequately account for the beneficiaries’ way of living prior to the eruptions are provided. Aid actors are provided with guidance concerning how to better tailor their activities in line with a cultural lens. Originality/value The study provides empirical grounding for claims concerning the role of culture in planning interventions in Indonesia and other similar contexts.

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