Interactions Between Resting Heart Rate and Childhood Risk Factors in Predicting Convictions and Antisocial Personality Scores

This article analyzes data collected in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, which is a prospective longitudinal study of 411 London males from Ages 8 to 61. It aims to investigate interactions between Age 8 and Age 10 psychosocial risk factors and a biological factor (resting heart rate), measured at Age 18, in predicting convictions up to Age 61 and high antisocial personality scores at Ages 32 and 48 (combined). The present analyses suggest that a high resting heart rate acted as a protective factor against harsh parental discipline and a depressed mother, or conversely that these childhood risk factors predicted antisocial outcomes only when they coincided with a low resting heart rate.

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High resting heart rate protects against childhood risk factors in predicting adult psychopathy

Journal of Criminal Psychology ◽

10.1108/jcp-01-2021-0003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

David P. Farrington ◽

Henriette Bergstrøm

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽

Psychosocial Risk ◽

Resting Heart Rate ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Content Type ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Purpose Previous research has indicated that low resting heart rate (RHR), measured at age 18, predicts later psychopathy, and that high RHR acts as a protective factor in nullifying the influence of several psychosocial risk factors in predicting later antisocial and criminal outcomes. This paper aims to investigate high RHR as a protective factor against age 8–10 psychosocial risk factors in predicting psychopathy factors at age 48 (measured by the PCL:SV). Design/methodology/approach Data collected in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development are analyzed. This is a prospective longitudinal study of 411 London males from age 8 to age 61. Findings This paper first reports the age 8–10 psychosocial risk factors that predict the interpersonal/affective Factor 1 and the lifestyle/antisocial Factor 2. Then interaction effects with high RHR are studied. The results indicate that high RHR acts as a protective factor against a convicted father and a depressed mother in predicting both psychopathy factors. It also protected against harsh discipline, large family size, low verbal IQ, high hyperactivity, poor parental supervision and a high delinquency-rate school in predicting one of these psychopathy factors, and against a convicted mother in a sensitivity analysis. Originality/value This is the first ever longitudinal study showing that high RHR acts as a protective factor in the prediction of psychopathy. The replicated results with different antisocial outcomes show that more research is warranted on the protective effects of high RHR.

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“The beat of my heart”: the relationship between resting heart rate and psychopathy in a prospective longitudinal study

Journal of Criminal Psychology ◽

10.1108/jcp-07-2018-0029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 333-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Henriette Bergstrøm ◽

David P. Farrington

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Criminal Behavior ◽

Future Research ◽

Resting Heart Rate ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Content Type ◽

Prospective Longitudinal ◽

The Relationship ◽

Negative Relationships

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and psychopathy. The literature on heart rate vs criminality (including violence) is quite clear; low RHR is associated with engaging in violent and criminal behavior. However, results are not as consistent for psychopathy. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes heart rate measured at ages 18 and 48, and psychopathy at age 48, in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD). The CSDD is a prospective longitudinal study that has followed 411 boys from childhood to middle age, and measured social and biological factors of interest to the field of criminal psychology. Findings Interestingly, it was only heart rate at age 18 that was negatively and significantly related to psychopathy at age 48. No trends or relationships were found between heart rate at age 48 and psychopathy at age 48. The findings do, however, indicate that low heart rate at age 18 predicts psychopathy at age 48, and the strongest negative relationships are found between low heart rate (beats per minute) and impulsive and antisocial psychopathic symptoms. Originality/value This is the first ever longitudinal study showing that low RHR predicts later psychopathy. Suggestions for future research are outlined.

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19 – Prospective longitudinal study of childhood risk factors in the development of obesity – the STEPS study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012001930 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (8A) ◽

pp. 1557-1558

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Childhood Risk Factors ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

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Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Norway; a prospective, longitudinal study showing increased transmissibility of the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) compared with other variants

10.1101/2021.08.15.21261478 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cathinka Halle Julin ◽

Anna Hayman Robertson ◽

Olav Hungnes ◽

Gro Tunheim ◽

Terese Bekkevold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Close Contact ◽

Questionnaire Data ◽

Primary Case ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Household Contacts ◽

Household Transmission ◽

Alpha Variant ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

ABSTRACT Background We studied the secondary attack rate (SAR), risk factors, and precautionary practices of household transmission in a prospective longitudinal study. Moreover, we compared household transmission between the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant and non-variants of concern (non-VOCs). Methods We recruited households of confirmed COVID-19 cases from May 2020 to May 2021. Households received 8 home visits over 6 weeks. Biological samples and questionnaire data were collected. Results We recruited 70 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 146 household contacts. Transmission occurred in 60% of the households; the overall SAR for household contacts was 49.6%. The SAR was significantly higher for the Alpha variant (77.8%) compared with non-VOC variants (42.5%) and was associated with a higher viral load. SAR was higher in household contacts aged ≥40 years (64%) than in younger contacts (40-47%), and for contacts of cases with loss of taste/smell. Close contact prior to confirmation of infection tended to give a higher SAR. A significantly lower SAR was found for sleeping separately from the primary case after confirmation of infection. Conclusion We found substantial household transmission, particularly for the Alpha variant. Precautionary practices seem to reduce SAR; however, prevention of transmission within households may become difficult with more transmissible variants.

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7.1-O1Ethnic differences in the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and young people with type 1 diabetes – a prospective longitudinal study in the UK

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/cky047.231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Jones ◽

A Khanolkar ◽

K Matyka ◽

E Gevers ◽

T Stephenson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Children And Young People ◽

The Uk ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

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DOZ047.81: Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with AE: developmental trajectories in the first year of life

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doz047.81 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

F Bevilacqua ◽

B Ragni ◽

L Valfrè ◽

A Conforti ◽

A Braguglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Motor Development ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

First Year ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Esophageal atresia (EA) prognosis have improved significantly over the past three decades. Research and clinical attention has shifted to neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life. Aim The aim of this study wasto examine neurodevelopmental outcomes and to identify clinical and sociodemographic risk factors in a cohort of infants with EA. Methods An observational prospective longitudinal study was conducted between 2009 and 2017. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6 and 12 months by Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development—3rd Edition. Clinical and sociodemographic variables included were gender, birthweight, gestational age, associated malformations, number of hospitalizations, surgeries and dilatations at 12 months, days of mechanical ventilation, parental age, education level, and socioeconomic status. Results Ninety-six infants were enrolled in the study at 6 months and 73 of them were evaluated also at 12 months. Analysis showed significant differences between motor development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 95.39, SD = 15.71; M12 = 91.83, SD = 12.87; t = 0.245, P = 0.017); significant differences emerged also between cognitive development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 91.80, SD = 11.70; M12 = 100.92, SD = 15.39; t = −5.10, p = .000). Infants with long-gap AE achieved the worst scores in cognitive (r = -.28, P < .01) and motor scales (r = -.36, P < .01) at 6 months and in motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.30, P < 0.05). More days of mechanical ventilation were related to a lower score in both the cognitive (6 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05; 12 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05) and motor scale (6 months: r = −0.38, P < 0.01; 12 months r = −0.42, P < 0.01). A major number of interventions in the first year of life were related to lower scores in the motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.43, P < 0.01). Conclusions Infants operated on for AE are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in the first year of life. Findings support the association between neurodevelopmental outcomes and clinical risk factors. Careful interdisciplinary follow-up is essential for early detection of neurodevelopmental delay.

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Long-Term Evaluation of the Vagal Denervation by Cardioneuroablation Using Holter and Heart Rate Variability

Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology ◽

10.1161/circep.120.008703 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Jose Carlos Pachon-M ◽

Enrique I. Pachon-M ◽

Carlos Thiene C. Pachon ◽

Tomas G. Santillana-P ◽

Tasso J. Lobo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Frequency Domain ◽

Pacemaker Implantation ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Heart Association ◽

Interatrial Septum ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Background: Several disorders present reflex or persistent increase in vagal tone that may cause refractory symptoms even in a normal heart patient. Cardioneuroablation, the vagal denervation by radiofrequency ablation of the neuromyocardial interface, was developed to treat these conditions without pacemaker implantation. A theoretical limitation could be the reinnervation, that naturally grows in the first year, that could recover the vagal hyperactivity. This study aims to verify the vagal denervation degree in the chronic phase after cardioneuroablation. Additionally, it intends to investigate the arrhythmias behavior after cardioneuroablation. Methods: Prospective longitudinal study with intrapatient comparison of 83 very symptomatic cases without significant cardiopathy, submitted to cardioneuroablation, 49 (59%) male, 47.3±17 years old, having vagal paroxysmal atrial fibrillation 58 (70%) or neurocardiogenic syncope 25 (30%), New York Heart Association class<II and absence of significant comorbidities. Cardioneuroablation was performed in both atria by interatrial septum puncture, with irrigated conventional catheter and electroanatomic reconstruction. Ablation targeted the neuromiocardial interface by fragmentation mapping (AF-Nests) using the velocity fractionation software, conventional recording, and anatomic localization of the ganglionated plexi. Heart rate variability (time and frequency domain) and arrhythmias were compared by 24h-Holter, before, and 1 year and 2 years after cardioneuroablation. In a 40 month follow-up, 80% of patients were asymptomatic. Results: Time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability demonstrated significant decrease in all autonomic parameters, showing an important parasympathetic and sympathetic activity reduction at 2-year post-cardioneuroablation ( P <0.001). There was no difference in heart rate variability between the 1-year and 2-year post-cardioneuroablation ( P >0.05) suggesting that the reinnervation has halted. There was also an important reduction in all bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias pre-cardioneuroablation versus post-cardioneuroablation ( P <0.01). Conclusions: There is an important and significant vagal and sympathetic denervation after 2 years of cardioneuroablation with a significant reduction in bradyarrhythmia and tachyarrhythmia in the whole group. There were no complications.

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